臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為了改善運輸類之汙染物，近年來有許多專家將水添加於超級柴油形成乳化燃料，它在燃燒的過程中因水滴受熱產生水微爆使燃料二次霧化，對柴油引擎的燃燒效率是有所提升的。不過乳化燃料本身的熱值低，以及有延長著火延遲時期的缺點得尋找出方法克服。而奈米金屬粒子Al2O3在柴油引擎燃燒過程中受高溫影響，因而使其產生催化反應，即為水煤氣反應而釋出可燃性氣體(H2)，在燃燒過程提升燃料之熱釋放率，並有效降低柴油引擎中的NOX、Smoke、HC濃度值。因此本研究在水乳化燃料中添加三種比例的奈米燃料，經實驗結果證明，乳化燃料中添加高比例的奈米燃料，對引擎性能、燃料消耗率和廢氣排放有正面之作用。

In order to improve the transport of pollutants, in recent years, many experts have added water to the superdiesel to form an emulsified biofuel. During the combustion process, water droplets are heated to generate micro-explosion of water to cause secondary fuel atomization and combustion of diesel engines. Efficiency has improved. However, the low calorific value of the emulsified fuel itself and the disadvantage of prolonging the ignition delay period have been found to overcome the disadvantages. The nano-particles of Al2O3 are affected by high temperatures during the combustion process of the diesel engine, thus causing a catalytic reaction that releases flammable gas (H2) for the water gas reaction, increasing the heat release rate of the fuel in the combustion process, and effectively reducing NOx, smoke, HC concentration values in diesel engines. Therefore, in this study, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and 150 ppm of nano-Al2O3 were added to the engine at a fixed ratio of 8% water-emulsion fuel, and engine performance, fuel consumption rate, and various exhaust emissions were compared for the properties of various blended fuels.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 4
1.3 研究方法 4
1.4 研究範圍與限制 5
第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1 柴油引擎的燃燒過程 6
2.2 柴油混合氣的燃燒 7
2.3 燃料噴霧與燃料特性 9
2.4 乳化燃料之燃燒特性 9
2.5 奈米流體應用於燃料 11
2.5.1 奈米材料 11
2.5.2 奈米材料之表面效應及化學活性 11
2.5.3 奈米流體的燃燒特性 12
2.6 生質柴油 13
2.6.1 生質柴油的性質 14
2.6.2 生質柴油的製成 16
2.7 國內外乳化燃料之相關文獻探討 18
2.8 國內外奈米粉體之相關文獻探討 22
2.9 國內外生質柴油之相關文獻探討 25
2.10 結語 30
第三章 實驗設備及方法 31
3.1 實驗設備 31
3.1.1 單缸柴油引擎 33
3.1.2 引擎馬力試驗機 35
3.1.3 HC分析儀 36
3.1.4 NOX分析儀 37
3.1.5 柴油黑煙濃度計 38
3.1.6 排氣溫度感知器（exhaust gas thermo sensor） 39
3.2 實驗使用之燃料 40
3.2.1 乳化燃料的調配 40
3.2.2 奈米Al2O3乳化生質柴油之調製 41
3.3 實驗步驟與方法 45
第四章 實驗結果與討論 46
4.1 BSFC值比較 46
4.2 BMEP值比較 49
4.3 Smoke濃度值比較 50
4.4 NOX濃度值比較 53
4.5 HC濃度值比較 56
4.6 EGT值比較 59
第五章 結論與建議 62
5.1 結論 62
5.2 建議 63
5.3 未來研究方向 64
參考文獻 65

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