臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

溫室氣體的逐年累積加上全球暖化的日益嚴重，世界各地開始出現極端氣候，造成了許多嚴重天災和無法估計的生命財產損失，因此節能減碳救地球的意識逐漸受到人們的重視。而在討論住商辦公用建築物當中的能源消耗，一定要探討到暖通空調系統HVAC System （Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning）的耗能狀況。而由於台灣位於副熱帶氣候區的因素，住商辦公大樓中甚少使用到暖氣的系統設備，主要的耗能來自中央空調系統中的冰水主機及其他附屬設備，而研究節能手法的方法有許多種，例如:冰水主機冰水出入溫度的控制、冰水主機冷卻水出入水溫度的控制、泵浦變頻控制及冷卻水塔的風散變頻控制….等。
而本研究將探討桃園市蘆竹區某廠辦大樓案場的冰水主機的最佳化排程，透過建立建築物模型，運用建物能耗分析軟體EnergyPlus搭配氣象資料，模擬出不同季節及不同外氣條件下，該建物的能源消耗情況，再藉由比較不同排程組合的冰水主機系統耗電，推論出最佳冰水主機排程組合。
最後由模擬結果顯示在夏季以平均的冰水主機排程組合的耗電來比較，一共節省了6.22%，再跟最耗能的冰水主機排程組合相比，節能率更是達到9.97%，以夏季電價計算一天可以省下一萬初元。在冬季以平均的冰水主機排程組合的耗電來比較，節省了3.45%，再跟最耗能的冰水主機排程組合相比，節能率有5.17%，以非夏季電價計算一天可以節省下兩千多元。結果證明在符合使用需求及室內舒適度的條件下，適當的冰機排程組合，可以節省出相當可觀的用電量。因此日後的大樓中央監控系統若能導入能源分析模擬軟體，必能為管理者相當可觀的節電收益，也能為地球節能減碳貢獻一份心力。

With more greenhouse gases accumulation and worse global warming on earth, many extreme climates happen around the world. In the meantime, thousands of people died and inestimable financial lost in many natural disasters. Therefore, people gradually pay attention to the concept about energy saving and carbon reduction in order to save the world. When it comes to energy consumption of residential/commercial buildings, the HVAC system（heating, ventilation and air conditioning ） is the most important factor need to be considered in. Because of Taiwan in the subtropical climate zone , there are very few heating system and equipment in residential-office buildings.The main energy consumption is from chillers and other ancillary equipment in central air conditioning system.There are many kind of energy-saving methods, such as : ice water in/out chiller temperature control, cooling water in/out chiller temperature control, pump frequency control and fan frequency control in cooling tower... and so on.
This research is focused on the chiller mode optimization for one factory-office building in Luzhu District, Taoyuan City.We can estimate and calculate the building energy consumption under different season and environment with the meteorological data by EnergyPlus™. After that,We can compare all results from different kind of chiller modes to infer the most energy-saving chiller mode.
Finally, the summer simulation results show that the average energy savings percent is 6.22% and the best energy savings percent is 9.97% compared with the most power consuming chiller mode. The electric bill will reduce almost NTD 10,000 in one summer day. On top of that, the winter simulation results show that the average energy savings percent is 3.45% and the best energy savings percent is 5.17% compared with the most power consuming chiller mode. The electric bill will also reduce almost NTD 2,000 in one winter day. These results prove that under the condition of meeting the demand of loads and indoor comfort, the appropriate chillers mode can save a considerable amount of electricity consumption.Therefore, if the building central monitoring system can be imported into the energy analysis simulation software in future, it will be able to provide substantial power-saving income for the building managers, but also contribute to the effort on energy saving and carbon reduction for earth.

摘 要 i
Abstract iii
誌 謝 v
目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究動機與目的 2
1.3文獻回顧 4
1.3.1 空調系統節能分析文獻回顧 4
1.3.2 冰水主機最佳化控制研究文獻回顧 6
1.3.3 EnergyPlus建築能耗分析軟體之能耗模擬分析研究文獻回顧 7
1.4研究流程 9
第二章 理論分析 11
2.1 冰水主機系統元件架構 11
2.2冷卻水塔 15
2.3 中央空調系統架構 19
2.4 並聯式冰水主機系統 23
2.5 冰水主機性能表示 25
2.6 冰水主機節能手法 25
第三章 研究方法 27
3.1 EnergyPlus建築能耗分析軟體 27
3.2 冰水主機性能曲線 32
3.3 負載分配方案 Load Distribution Schemes 35
3.4 天氣資料檔 37
第四章 實驗結果與分析 38
4.1 案場介紹 38
4.2 EnergyPlus建築能耗分析軟體 各組合模擬結果 40
4.3 各組合模擬分析比較, 47
第五章 結論與建議 50
5.1 結論 50
5.2 建議 51
參考文獻 52

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