臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文為針對通訊訊號失真問題，該問題包含時間偏移與飄移、頻率與相位偏移與通道多路徑干擾等，研究可行之訊號修復法則及修復流程。其修復方法包含如下，時間失真修復法為最大功率適應性法則，頻率與相位失真修復法為Costas迴路適應性法則，等化通道多路徑干擾之I/Q分離式分散最小化法則(Dispersion Minimization Algorithm)等方法。上述所有方法皆為盲蔽式演算法，即不需採用訓練碼可達成失真修復功能。本論文所提出之全系統修復流程為採取「先時間修復，再頻率相位修復，最後通道多路徑干擾修復」程序。為達上述修復訊號目的，本論文先建置一套全數位MATLAB軟體模擬平台仿真QPSK訊號失真及所設計之修復技術，初步驗證修復法則之可行性。其次，利用軟體無線電平台(如:Agilent E4438C與E4406A儀器及USRP模組)，整合上述軟體模擬平台，完成全系統失真因子皆可被修復，呈現穩健之接收性能。接續，進一步採用Simulink HDL Coder設計全系統修復法則之電路，經由軟體電路模擬與硬體電路實測驗証結果一致，證實本論文之電路具實用性及低計算量之優點，即本論文已完成全系統適應性法則之電路設計。總整，上述所提出之設計流程，結合理論、模擬、儀器、模組、電路設計、實務測試完成克服通訊訊號失真因子達成低計算量與高品質通訊之目標。

This thesis aims to study the communication signal distortion problems. The problems include the time offset and drift, frequency and phase offset, and multipath channel interference. We will explore the useful signal recovery algorithm and procedures. For the recovery methods, the following schemes will be studied. One is the adaptive algorithm of maximizing output power, which is used for the time recovery. Next, the Costas loop adaptive algorithm will be studied for frequency and phase offset recovery. Then, the I/Q separating dispersion minimization algorithm (DMA) will be adopted to equalize the multipath channel interference. Moreover, the above methods are the blind algorithms, which no training sequences can achieve the signal recovery to overcome the signal distortion. For the recovery procedure, we propose the following design flow. First, the time recovery is processed. Next, we correct the frequency and phase offset problems. Then, the multipath channel interference is equalized. To achieve the above signal recovery purpose, the thesis designs the following steps. First to develop all digital MATLAB software simulation platform, it can emulate the QPSK signal distortions and design the recovery technologies. Next, to employ the software defined radio, e.g., Agilent E4438C, E4406A instrument, and USRP module, it can integrate the MATLAB software platform to confirm the reliable receiver performance after the recovery algorithms correction. Then, we adopt the Simulink HDL Coder to design the recovery circuits of all algorithms. It has been verified to be consistent for the output results of the software and hardware circuits design. It confirms that the proposed circuit design involves the feasible and low computational complexity advantages due to the adaptive algorithms. To sum up, the above design flows can combine the theory, simulation, instrument, circuit design, and the practical measurements to overcome the communication signal distortions and to achieve the purposes of low complexity and high quality communications.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
第一章 簡介 1
1.1 理想通訊方塊圖 1
1.2 訊框架構說明 2
1.3 脈波濾波器與相關器說明 2
第二章 信號失真因子 3
2.1 前言 3
2.2 雜訊因子 4
2.3 多路徑干擾因子 5
2.4 載波相位偏移因子 7
2.5 載波頻率偏移因子 8
2.6 時間偏移因子 9
2.7 時間飄移因子 10
第三章 信號失真修復演算法 11
3.1 全系統失真修復法則流程 11
3.2 時間失真修復法則 13
3.3 載波頻率失真修復法則 18
3.4 通道多路徑干擾等化法則 23
第四章 電腦模擬與實驗 30
4.1 電腦模擬 30
4.2 軟體無線電平台實測驗證 34
4.2.1 儀器平台實測驗證 35
4.2.2 USRP模組平台實測驗證 39
第五章 信號失真修復之電路設計與實現 43
5.1 電路設計流程與介紹 43
5.2 Simulink全系統完整電路設計 45
5.2.1 傳送端電路 45
5.2.2 接收端電路 46
5.2.2.1 時間失真修復電路 47
5.2.2.2 載波頻率偏移失真修復電路 49
5.2.2.3 通道多路徑干擾等化DMA電路 50
5.3 軟體電路模擬與硬體電路實測結果比較 53
第六章 結論 56
參考文獻 57
附錄 59
插補器，利用泰勒展開式近似實現 59

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