近幾十來肇因於人類無窮的求知慾而過度開發和濫用資源，造成我們賴以為生、共依共存的這
個大環境的自然反撲，導致近來最夯的話題「地球暖化」儼然成為全人類迄今最棘手的問題。可
以肯定是災禍必然發生，但如何藉由日新月異進化的科技，用以有效減低天災地變之危害，則是
本篇所要探討的主題。

　2002 年始著手進行的台灣高速鐵路防災（告警）系統，包括了天災告警［風速計、雨量計、水位計、地震計、（隧道口）落石感應器、邊坡滑動偵測器］和人為告警［（車輛）侵入偵測器］之規劃。其所引用之日本新幹線防災技術觸發了我思考著如何將列車在高速行駛時，經由防災（告警）系統的訊號傳送至自動列車控制系統而啓動煞車來避免災害傷亡的運算邏輯，整合成模組化導向的主動式連鎖防災系統，並導入日常生活中來應用。

　透過實體／虛擬網際網路架構與主動式預警感知控制技術的結合，同時革新硬體/軟體/韌體的
發展限制，使每個人不論何時何地都能藉由手中的介面裝置連接就近區域主機的觸發資訊來分散
隔離災害區間，並集中管理有效資源，達到與自然共生、防患未然、止災於前的環境。惟就經濟
效益層面來說，系統研發與普及化所衍生的成本是現今在執行上最主要的困難之處。

In recent decades, Global Warming have been turned into a hot topic that is being a critical issue of the world in consequence of the overexploitation and abuse of resources caused by humans’ endless intellectual hunger. It is certain that disasters will be occurred inevitably and how to reduce the hazards of calamities through the ever-changing technology will be the subject of this article.

The Disaster Warning System of Taiwan High-Speed Rail Design & Build project consist of Wind Velocity Sensor, Rainfall Sensor, Flood Level Sensor, Earthquake Sensor, Rockfall Sensor, Landslide Sensor and Intrusion Sensor when it began in 2002. Its referenced to the Japanese Shinkansen Disaster Warning technology and inspired me to ponder how to integrate the relevant
information into a modularized active interlocking disaster warning system that could be applied for daily life with the logical operation of hazard prevention in further to activate braking system via transmitting the triggered signal to the Automatic Train Control System when train is running.

Whenever you want, wherever you are, everyone can connect to the local host via the in-hand interface device to get the identified information of separated hazardous areas through the combination of physical/virtual internet architecture with active early warning awareness control technology and also reforms the development limitations of hardware/software/firmware. However, in
terms of economic efficiency, the costs derived from system R&D and popularization are the main difficulties in implementation today.

第一章 序論 .................................................................1
1. 目的和範圍 ...............................................................1
1.1 縮寫 ....................................................................1
1.2 適用標準 ................................................................2
1.3 參考文件 ................................................................2
2. 防災系統（DWS）概述 .......................................................3
3. 基本功能說明 ..............................................................6
3.1 地震計 ..................................................................6
3.1.1 主地震計（機械式） .....................................................6
3.1.2 主地震計（電子式） .....................................................6
3.1.3 子地震計 ..............................................................7
3.1.4 地震早期告警系統 .......................................................7
3.2 落石感應器 ..............................................................8
3.3 邊坡滑動偵測器 ...........................................................8
3.4 侵入偵測器 ..............................................................8
3.5 風速計 .................................................................12
3.6 雨量計 .................................................................13
3.7 水位計 .................................................................13
3.8 災害資訊傳送／接收器 ....................................................14
4. 軟體模組表列 .............................................................16
4.1 各元件模組間數據流量示意圖 ...............................................20
4.1.1 主地震計（電子式） ....................................................20
4.1.2 子地震計 .............................................................20
4.1.3 風速計 ...............................................................21
4.1.4 雨量計 ...............................................................22
4.1.5 水位計 ...............................................................23
4.1.6 災害資訊中央單元 ......................................................24
4.1.7 災害資訊傳送器 ........................................................25
4.1.8 訊息傳輸路徑與外部介面 ................................................25
第二章 申論 ................................................................26
1. 防災系統的延伸應用 .......................................................26
2. 系統延伸基礎架構 .........................................................27
3. 模組化發展 ..............................................................27
3.1 什麼是模組化 ............................................................27
3.2 效率衝擊供需 ............................................................28
4. 客製化導向 ..............................................................28
4.1 何謂客製化 .............................................................28
4.2 預算決定勝敗 ............................................................28
5. 應用材料／設備（傳輸媒介） ................................................29
5.1 有線傳輸（一般電纜／光纖電纜） ...........................................29
5.2 無線傳輸（基地台／無線AP） ..............................................29
6. 路權／專用線路／區域廣播（權限） ..........................................29
6.1 為何需要專用路權 ........................................................29
6.2 防災系統的維生觀 ........................................................30
6.3 申請的限制 .............................................................30
第三章 結論 ................................................................32
參考文獻 ...................................................................33
附錄 .......................................................................35
附錄一 控制室內資訊一覽表 ...................................................36
附錄二 DWS硬體區塊圖 ........................................................37
作者簡介 ...................................................................38

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https://www.google.com/search?ei=7gYIX5HDEsiymAXOxqL4Dg&q=%E8%A1
%9E%E6%98%9F%E5%8D%A1%E9%80%9A%E5%9C%96%E7%A4%BA&o
q=%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F%E5%8D%A1%E9%80%9A%E5%9C%96%E7%
A4%BA&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQAzoFCAAQzQJQxRFY6CNgtydoAHAAeAC
AAUaIAe0DkgECMTCYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6&sclient=psy-ab&ved=0ah
UKEwiR8obeg8LqAhVIGaYKHU6jCO8Q4dUDCAw&uact=5

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E5%9C%B0%E5%8F%B0%E5%9C%96%E7%A4%BA&tbm=isch&source=iu&
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sLqAhWgyYsBHWF1ApsQ9QEwAnoECAoQHg&biw=1536&bih=754#imgrc=e
Y5cF61ceRbw0M

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E6%AB%83%E5%9C%96%E7%A4%BA&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiot-HWisL
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(10) Taiwan Shinkansen Corporation，『Signaling Principles for The Taiwan High
Speed Rail』，2004。