歷年來心臟血管疾病為國人十大死因的前三名，然而心臟的異常狀況非常難以預測，本論文設計一套適用於多使用者的雲端心律異常即時警示系統，可在異常狀況發生時即時發出警訊，同時透過無線網路將心律異常訊息上傳雲端伺服器，同時在記憶卡記錄發生異常時的心電圖資料，運用資通科技提供適用於社區照護與機構照護的遠距穿戴式心律異常即時警示裝置。
本研究使用的嵌入式微控制系統為 NodeMCU 嵌入式微控制系統開發板，內建類比對數位轉換器與 WiFi 無線網路，搭配華緯生醫科技股份有限公司提供的單導程心電圖類比前端模組感測心電圖訊號。心電圖訊號濾波放大後經過類比對數位轉換器將訊號數位化，接著計算使用者的心律，異常狀態是使用者按壓求救開關或心律發生異常，使用者的心律與狀態定時透過無線網路將數據傳輸到雲端伺服器，當異常狀態發生時裝置會即時發送警示音訊，且同時記錄 1 分鐘的心電圖資料至記憶卡，另外裝置也會每個小時自動記錄 1 分鐘的心電圖資料。
本論文建構的雲端伺服器使用樹莓派單板微電腦 (Raspberry Pi 3B) 安裝 MySQL Server 資料庫，可同時接收多個使用者的監控數據，照護者可以透過智慧裝置上的網頁瀏覽器進行遠距監控，當使用者心律發生異常時會即時顯示警訊。

Over the years, cardiovascular diseases have been among the top three causes of death in Taiwan. However, abnormal heart conditions are very difficult to predict. This study proposes a cloud heart rhythm abnormal real-time alert system for multiple users. The user's heart rhythm and status are regularly uploaded to the cloud server via the wireless network. When an abnormal event occurs, an alarm will be issued in real time and the current ECG data will be recorded on the SD memory card, synchronously. Use information and communication technology to provide wearable remote heart rhythm abnormal real-time alert devices for community care and institutional care.
The embedded system used in this study is the NodeMCU embedded micro-control system evaluation board, which includes a built-in analog-to-digital converter and WiFi wireless network. Use the single-lead ECG analog front-end module provided by Healthware Technology co., Ltd. to sense ECG signals. After filtering and amplifying the ECG signal, it is digitized by an analog-to-digital converter, and then the user's heart rhythm is calculated. The abnormal status is that the user presses the help button or the heart rhythm is irregular. The user's heart rhythm and status are regularly transmitted to the cloud server via wireless communications. When an abnormal event occurs, the device will instantly send a warning audio and record 1 minute of ECG data to the SD memory card, simultaneously. In addition, the device will automatically record 1 minute of ECG data per hour.
In this proposal, the cloud server is constructed with a Raspberry Pi 3B single-board microcomputer, and the MySQL Server database system is installed to receive monitoring data from multiple users at the same time.

摘要i
ABSTRACTii
誌謝iii
目錄iv
圖目錄vi
表目錄vii
第一章 緒論1
1.1 研究背景1
1.2 研究動機與目的1
1.3 章節提要2
第二章 理論介紹 3
2.1 心臟基本運作原理3
2.2 單導程與多導程心電圖的介紹3
2.3 心電圖信號分析4
2.4 心電圖量測時的雜訊干擾抑制5
2.5 波形的數位化與數位濾波簡介7
2.6 心律量測的方式8
2.7 心律計算與異常判別的演算法簡介8
第三章 系統架構與電路整合9
3.1 系統架構9
3.2 嵌入式微控制器規劃9
3.3 嵌入式微控制系統周邊模組11
3.3.1 心電圖類比前端模組11
3.3.2 記憶卡模組12
3.3.3 即時時鐘模組12
3.4 電路整合13
第四章 系統測試與整合14
4.1 韌體架構規劃14
4.2 私人雲端資料伺服器的建置15
4.2.1 樹莓派單板微電腦的簡介15
4.2.2 建構嵌入式 Linux 系統16
4.2.3 Apache架設的伺服器16
4.2.4 MySQL Server 資料庫的設定17
4.2.5 PhpMyAdmin 管理頁面17
4.3 系統整合與測試19
第五章 結論與未來展望21
5.1 結論21
5.2 未來展望21
參考文獻22

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