臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

Abstract
Title: Chinese Traditional Herb Huang Chi for Prevention of Urolithiasis: A Drosophila animal model
Student: Dalanbaatar Sunderiya
Advisor: Chen Wen-Chi
Institution: Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Background: One in every 20 people develops kidney stones at some point in their life. Kidney stone or urolithiasis, as it can easily occur due to our lifestyle. especially dietary habits are major cause of urolithiasis. Therefore, it is important to research for prevention and treatment. We took Drosophila into consideration to be appropriate model for the study of kidney stones, and in this study, traditional Chinese herb Huang Chi used to study of prevention and treatment of kidney stones.
Methods: We used wild type adult flies, Drosophila melanogaster CS, in this study. We used 0.25% ethylene glycol (EG) for developed to lithogenesis flies. The positive control agent was 2% potassium citrate for the prevention and treatment studies compared with Huang Chi (9.6g). After 21days the flies were sacrificed under CO2 narcotization, and the Malpighian tubules were dissected, removed, and processed for polarized light microscopy examination for observation of crystallization in malphigian tubules. Survival analysis of Ethylene glycol, potassium citrate, Huang Chi and medium group were also investigated.
Results: After 21 days we compared all group the rates of CaOx crystal formation in malphigian tubules were dissected and a polarized light microscope was used to observe the crystals. The rates of CaOx crystallization in the control, 0.25% EG, 0.2% K-citrate, and 9.6g Huang Chi groups were 16.2%, 8.6%, 13.6%, 14% ( 0 degree), 11.2%, 5.2%, 8.8%, 11.8%( 1 degree), 1.6%, 8%, 5.4%, 3.2% (2 degree), 1%, 8.2%, 2.2%, 1%(3 degree) respectively. To test whether the effects of Huang Chi were associated with a decreased mortality rate, the lifespans of Drosophila were measured after supplementing their food with Huang Chi. The mean life span was significantly increased by Huang Chi comparing with K-citrate group
Conclusions: Huang chi decreased the ratio of crystallization in Malphigian tubules after the treatment in the study population. Huang chi revealed both preventive and treatment effects on the calcium oxalate crystal formation in fly model.

Keywords: Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huang Chi, Drosophila animal model, Urolithiasis, Urinary stone disease

Abstract
Title: Chinese Traditional Herb Huang Chi for Prevention of Urolithiasis: A Drosophila animal model
Student: Dalanbaatar Sunderiya
Advisor: Chen Wen-Chi
Institution: Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Background: One in every 20 people develops kidney stones at some point in their life. Kidney stone or urolithiasis, as it can easily occur due to our lifestyle. especially dietary habits are major cause of urolithiasis. Therefore, it is important to research for prevention and treatment. We took Drosophila into consideration to be appropriate model for the study of kidney stones, and in this study, traditional Chinese herb Huang Chi used to study of prevention and treatment of kidney stones.
Methods: We used wild type adult flies, Drosophila melanogaster CS, in this study. We used 0.25% ethylene glycol (EG) for developed to lithogenesis flies. The positive control agent was 2% potassium citrate for the prevention and treatment studies compared with Huang Chi (9.6g). After 21days the flies were sacrificed under CO2 narcotization, and the Malpighian tubules were dissected, removed, and processed for polarized light microscopy examination for observation of crystallization in malphigian tubules. Survival analysis of Ethylene glycol, potassium citrate, Huang Chi and medium group were also investigated.
Results: After 21 days we compared all group the rates of CaOx crystal formation in malphigian tubules were dissected and a polarized light microscope was used to observe the crystals. The rates of CaOx crystallization in the control, 0.25% EG, 0.2% K-citrate, and 9.6g Huang Chi groups were 16.2%, 8.6%, 13.6%, 14% ( 0 degree), 11.2%, 5.2%, 8.8%, 11.8%( 1 degree), 1.6%, 8%, 5.4%, 3.2% (2 degree), 1%, 8.2%, 2.2%, 1%(3 degree) respectively. To test whether the effects of Huang Chi were associated with a decreased mortality rate, the lifespans of Drosophila were measured after supplementing their food with Huang Chi. The mean life span was significantly increased by Huang Chi comparing with K-citrate group
Conclusions: Huang chi decreased the ratio of crystallization in Malphigian tubules after the treatment in the study population. Huang chi revealed both preventive and treatment effects on the calcium oxalate crystal formation in fly model.

Keywords: Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huang Chi, Drosophila animal model, Urolithiasis, Urinary stone disease

List of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction……………………………………………….……...1
Chapter 2 Literature Review………………………………………….……..3
a. Radix Astragali (Huang Chi)………………………………………..3
b. Renal protective effect of Astragalus membranaceus …………...….3
c. Anticancer activity of Astragalus polysaccharide………………...3
d. Anti-Aging Implications of Astragalus Membranaceus(AM)……..4
e. Astragalus membranaceus extracts immune response (in mice)….…4
f. Astragalus polysaccharides immune responses of hepatitis B……..4
g. Astragalus saponins modulate cell invasiveness and angiogenesis…5
h. Anti-tumor effects of Astragalus membranaceus……………………5
i. Drosophila Model: melamine………………………………………..5
j. Drosophila model: commercial citrate juice……………….………...6
k. Ginsenoside Rh2 (2014)………………………………….…………..6
l. Cola Consumption………………………………………….……….6
Chapter 3 Materials and Methods………………………………………...….8
a. Fly stocks and rearing conditions………………………………….8
b. Lithogenesis of Flies………………………………………………..8
c. Polarized Light Microscopy………………………………………...9
d. Fly Collection and Lifespan Assay………………………………..9
e. Statistical Analyses………………………………………………10
Chapter 4 Results……………………………………………………..…..11
a. Crystal formation……………………………………………...11
b. Life-span assay………………………………………………..14
Chapter 5 Discussion………..……………………………………………15
Chapter 6 Conclusion ………..…………………………………………...21
List of figures…………………..…………………………………………22
References………………………..…………………………………....… 29

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