臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著近十年來智慧型手機快速崛起為人們的生活帶來了前所未有的通訊便利性，使得相關協定快速推動，包括了眾所皆知的第五代行動通訊技術（5G）、Wi-Fi 6、藍牙5.0；其中以藍牙中的低功耗藍牙（Bluetooth Low Energy ;BLE）中的藍牙網狀網路延伸藍牙傳輸距離，但要傳輸較長封包時，必須將傳輸內容切割為數個小包進行傳輸，因此在藍牙5.0提出了延伸廣播的新傳輸方式，透過在原廣播頻道傳輸少量的控制訊息後在資料頻道上傳輸實際的傳輸內容，以達到較高的單一封包傳輸內容與吞吐量。
本文透過實驗數據分析了不同長度封包傳輸方式以及適合的使用場景，亦針對藍牙網狀網路下探討網路壅塞時工作週期對長封包的影響並提出方法改善封包抵達率，首先測試出最小可用之傳輸間隔，並找出在該網狀網路中的壅塞節點，再提出調整壅塞節點之工作週期法以減少節點壅塞，實驗結果顯示，本研究方法以延伸廣播在傳輸最大的Protocol Data Unit（payload為 244 Bytes）的環境下的整體網路壅塞時改善幅度最大，有30%的封包抵達率提升且降低約18.1%的功率消耗。在改善數個壅塞節點在傳統廣播傳輸下可提升約7%的封包抵達率且降低約3.3%的功率消耗，在延伸廣播長封包傳輸16 Bytes及100 Bytes封包量下可平均改進約6.5%的封包抵達率且降低約2%的功率消耗。

The increase of smartphones in the past ten years rapidly has brought unprecedented communication convenience to people's lives, as well as the promotion of 5G, WiFi-6, and Bluetooth 5.0. The Bluetooth Low Energy’s (BLE) Bluetooth mesh network extends the Bluetooth transmission distance. But when transmitting a long packet, it must split the transmission content into several small packets. Therefore, a new transmission method for extending the broadcast is proposed with Bluetooth 5.0. The actual transmission content is transmitted on the data channel, by transmitting a few control information on the original broadcast channel. This achieves higher single packet transmission content and throughput. This article analyzes packet transmission methods of different lengths and suitable usage scenarios through experimental data. With the Bluetooth mesh network, we discuss the impact of the work cycle on long packets when the network is congested. And we propose a duty cycle adjustment method for congestion nodes to improve the packet arrival rate. First, we test the minimum available transmission interval and find the congested nodes in the mesh network. Then, we adjust the duty cycle of congested nodes to reduce node congestion. The experiment shows that the duty cycle adjustment method improves extending broadcasting the most. When the overall network is congested in an environment where the largest protocol data unit (payload is 244 Bytes) is transmitted, there is a 30% increase in packet arrival rate and an 18.1% reduction in power consumption. By improving the traditional broadcast transmission of several congested nodes, it can increase the packet arrival rate about 7% and reduce the power consumption about 3.3%. In the extended broadcast, long packet transmission of 16 Bytes and 100 Bytes packet can improve the arrival average rate by about 6.5% and the power consumption is reduced by about 2%.

摘　　要 i
Abstract ii
誌　　謝 iii
目　　錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
符號說明 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 1
1.3 論文架構 2
第二章 藍牙技術介紹與研究探討 3
2.1藍牙背景介紹 3
2.2低功耗藍牙廣播頻道 3
2.3 低功耗藍牙網狀網路分層架構 4
2.4 低功耗藍牙網狀網路的節點腳色與傳輸機制 8
2.5 低功耗藍牙網狀網路長封包傳輸行為 10
2.5.1 傳統廣播（Lagacy Advertising） 10
2.5.2 延伸廣播（Extended Advertising） 11
2.5.3 傳統廣播與延伸廣播的比較 13
2.6 藍牙網狀網路下封包格式 14
2.6.1 主要廣播頻道接收行為 14
2.6.2 次要廣播頻道接收行為 14
2.7 藍牙網狀網路下封包抵達率影響之因素 15
2.8 相關文獻探討 15
第三章 研究方法 19
3.1 封包抵達率 19
3.2工作週期 20
3.2.1 情況一：無切割傳統廣播 21
3.2.2 情況二：長封包傳統廣播 21
3.2.3 情況三：延伸廣播 21
3.3 傳輸時間計算 22
3.4 系統流程 23
3.4.1 設備初始設定 24
3.4.2 場域分析 24
3.4.3 三種情況的廣播傳輸 24
3.4.4 判斷壅塞節點 24
第四章 實驗結果及驗證 25
4.1實驗環境與流程 25
4.1.1 實驗設備 25
4.1.2 實驗流程 26
4.1.3 實驗環境 27
4.1.4 實驗參數 28
4.2 節點設定流程 29
4.2.1 終端節點設定流程 29
4.2.2 中繼節點設定流程 31
4.3 傳輸間隔測試實驗 34
4.3.1傳輸間隔測試實驗流程 34
4.3.1.1 節點設定 35
4.3.1.2 場域布置 36
4.3.1.3 測試並分析數據 36
4.3.2 傳統廣播傳輸間隔測試 36
4.3.3 延伸廣播傳輸間隔測試 37
4.4 多路徑拓樸測試實驗 38
4.4.1 多路徑測試實驗流程 38
4.4.2 節點設定 39
4.4.3 場域布置 40
4.4.4 節點分析及驗證 40
4.4.5 傳統廣播多路徑測試實驗 40
4.4.5.1 預設工作週期測試 41
4.4.5.2 套用方法後測試 48
4.4.6 延伸廣播多路徑測試實驗 50
4.4.6.1 預設工作週期測試 50
4.4.6.2 套用方法後測試 56
4.5 實驗結果分析 59
4.5.1 方法驗證分析 59
4.5.2 傳統廣播與延伸廣播特性分析 60
4.5.3 工作週期與耗電量分析 61
第五章　結論 62
參考文獻 63
簡 歷 65

[1]Bluetooth Core Specification
https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/bluetooth-core-specification/
[2]Bluetooth Mesh Profile Specification
https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/mesh-specifications/
[3]Ericsson Inc.
https://www.ericsson.com/
[4]International Telecommunication Union ISM Band
https://www.itu.int/net/ITU-R/terrestrial/faq/index.html
[5]IEEE 802.11 Standard
https://standards.ieee.org/content/ieee-standards/en/standard/
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