摘要
目的：本研究在了解台灣驗光人員對於國小、國中及高中三階段學童的視力檢查，在確認為近視時，所下的最終配鏡處方狀況，及評估其作此決策行為的影響因素。
方法：本研究在各縣市驗光師及驗光生公會所舉辦之繼續教育課程活動中，現場採無記名之問卷調查方式，詢問已通過國家考試合格之驗光師及驗光生的想法，共收納問卷442份，分別為驗光師174份，驗光生268份。然後透過IBM SPSS Statistics統計分析軟體，將所搜集之資料進行獨立樣本t檢定與卡方檢定分析比較。
結果：驗光師與驗光生對在國小階段，近視-1.00D~-1.50D及-2.25D~-2.50D兩部份，配鏡度數的決策上，有統計上的顯著差異。在國中階段學生，近視-2.25D（含）以上，也有顯著差異。到了高中階段，從近視初期-0.75D內至-3.25D（含）以上，均有顯著的差異。隨著年級越高，對給予的配鏡最終處方的差異越大。對於最終處方之判斷依據，只有在國小與國中學童中，驗光師與驗光生在專業判斷方面有統計上的顯著差異，對於高中學童之判斷因素則無顯著差異。驗光人員之教育程度與分佈區域之不同，對處方之決定也會不一樣。
結論：因驗光師與驗光生的職業、性別、教育背景、工作經驗和資歷的不同，對最終配鏡處方決策行為也會有所不同。本研究發現，驗光師對於學童的處方以全矯正為主。而驗光生在低度數近視處方及較低年級選擇矯正不足居多。

關鍵字：近視、眼鏡處方、全矯正、矯正不足

Abstract
Purpose: This study is to understand the status of the final prescription of the spectacle prescribed by the Taiwan optometrists when they conducted the visual inspection of elementary school, middle school and high school students, and to evaluate the influencing factors of their decision-making behavior.
Method: In this study, by attending the continuing education course activities held by optometrist associations in Taiwan, an anonymous questionnaire survey was given on the spot to optometrists who have passed the national examination. This study received 442 questionnaire surveys, including 174 optometrists and 268 assistant optometrists. Then through the IBM SPSS Statistics software, the collected data were further analyzed and compared by chi-square test.
Results: There are statistically significant differences in the decision-making of spectacle prescription for myopia of -1.00D~-1.50D and -2.25D~-2.50D in the primary school stage between optometrists and assistant optometrists. There are also significant differences for myopia of -2.25D and above in the middle school students. By the time of high school, there are significant differences for myopia from -0.75D to -3.25D and above. The higher the grade, the greater the difference in the final prescription of the spectacles given. As for the judgment factors of the final prescription, only children among elementary school and junior high school show a statistically significant difference in professional judgment between optometrists and assistant optometrists. There is no significant difference in the judgment factors for high school children. Depending on the educational level of optometrists and assistant optometrists and their distribution area, the prescription decisions are also different.
Conclusion: Due to differences in occupation, gender, educational background, work experience and seniority between optometrists and assistant optometrists, the decision-making behavior for the final prescription of the spectacles will also be different. This study found that the optometrists prefer to prescribe full correction for schoolchildren. However, the assistant optometrists mostly prescribe under-correction in prescriptions for low-degree myopia and lower grades.

Keywords: myopia, spectacle prescription, full correction, under-correction.

目錄
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
誌謝 v
目錄 ii
表目錄 iv
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節研究流程圖 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 近視問題 5
第二節 台灣近視盛行率 7
第三節 近視控制方法 11
第三章 研究方法 24
第一節 問卷調查 24
第二節 統計方法 27
第四章 結果 28
第一節 基本資料統計分析 28
第二節 專業判斷資料統計分析 32
第五章 討論 39
第一節 基本資料交叉分析 39
第二節 專業資料交叉分析 42
第三節 研究限制與建議 56
第六章 結論 58
參考文獻 60
附件一 問卷調查表 69
附件二 中國醫藥大學附設醫院人體委員會臨床試驗許可證書 72

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