臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

飢餓無能力覓食的銀髮族群快速增加，成為近年來全球嚴重的問題。但另一方面，全球食物浪費問題卻也同時激增。然而，鮮少研究同時探討該如何收集剩食，並配送餐飲給銀髮族群。在實務運籌上面臨一些棘手問題，包括捐贈食品的時間與數量不確定、可執行食品物流任務的資源不確定等。因此，本研究提出收集剩食與餐飲配送之物流最佳化模式，以降低業者在物流營運上的時間成本，並可在物流上決定最佳的配送路線。此最佳化模式探究出重要之管理意涵，首先，由於直接配送模式與軸幅式配送模式在相同需求量中，車隊規模增加之總派遣時間結果皆顯示軸幅式配送模式總派遣時間較直接配送模式少，且隨著需求點數量越多有更明顯的時間落差，因此應選擇軸配幅式餐飲配送模式以降低時間成本。其次，由於各需求點於不同車隊規模下平均裝載率有所不同，因此在選擇最適車隊規模亦可同時考量該車隊下所對應之平均裝載率且需達到一半以上，以避免過多資源浪費。本研究建構之模式將可提供相關業者作為收集剩食與餐飲配送之參考。

The elder people who are hunger and incapable of foraging increase rapidly, becoming a global serious issue recently. On the other hand, the problem of food-wasting grows rapidly at the same time. Meanwhile, there is seldom research discuss the issue of how to transform the leftovers to solve the hunger problem of elders.
However, the tough problem emerging when carried out the mechanism. The problem includes the procedure subjects to time and quantity, the avail-able resource such as food delivery service is limited and unstable, and the timeliness of food. More specifically, this study proposed the optimization delivery model can reduce the time cost on the delivery processes, and it can decide the best delivery route as well. This optimization model explores im-portant management implications. First, the direct delivery model and the hub-and-spoke delivery model are in the same demand, the total dispatch time results of the increase in the fleet size show that the total dispatch time of the hub-and-spoke delivery model is less than that of the direct delivery model, and as the number of demanders increases, there is a more obvious time gap, so the hub-and-spoke delivery model should be selected to reduce time costs. Second, the average load rate of each demand point is different for different fleet sizes. Therefore, selecting the most suitable fleet size can also consider the average load rate corresponding to the fleet size and must reach more than half to avoid excessive resource waste.Finally, the delivery model constructed in this study provided operators to plan the strategy for leftover as a reference.

目　　錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機及背景 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究流程 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 國內外食物浪費現況 6
2.2 銀髮餐飲與餐飲配送 13
2.3 車輛路徑問題 15
2.4 小結 18
第三章 研究方法 19
3.1 問題特性 19
3.2 問題限制與假設 21
3.3 系統流程與演算法流程 24
3.4 數學模型 29
第四章 結果與討論 40
4.1收集剩食之物流模型測試 40
4.2 餐飲配送之物流模型測試 44
4.3 敏感度與延伸情境分析 57
4.4 管理意涵 73
第五章 結論與建議 75
參考文獻 77 

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