本論文探討台灣吉他獨奏家呂昭炫先生的作品。呂先生出生於1929年，其於台灣古典吉他界的發展和播揚上有卓越的貢獻。身為一位表演者、教育家和作曲家，其被稱為「吉他詩人」、「台灣吉他之父」及許多稱號。 在筆者的碩士論文中，呂先生其具有代表性和著名的作品皆被詳細論述。首先本論文之目的為分析呂先生出版的吉他獨奏作品，為的是要確立他創作風格的元素，再者是分類。第一章，介紹研究動機、方法論和本論文所用的翻譯。 第二章，介紹呂先生成長的音樂背景，包含他曾經受過日本教育與台灣流行、傳統音樂的薰陶。第三章，檢視吉他在台灣的歷史，包含呂昭炫先生的傳記。第四章，藉由檢視這些作品的形式和旋律以分類呂先生的作品及創作風格隨不同時期的演變。 第五章，筆者選擇一些與台灣作曲家、台灣吉他作曲家，以及一些不是台灣作品但相似的代表性吉他曲來做比較。結論，筆者將檢視呂先生對於吉他界和台灣音樂的貢獻。

This dissertation examines the solo guitar works of Taiwanese guitarist-composer Lü Zhao-Xuan (1929-2017). Lü was a prominent figure in the development and dissemination of the classical guitar in Taiwan. A performer, educator, and composer, he has been called “The Poet Guitarist” and “The Father of the Taiwanese Guitar.” The purpose of this dissertation is firstly to analyze Lü’s published solo guitar works in order to ascertain the elements of his style and, secondly, to categorize these works. Chapter one explains the author’s research motivation, methodology, and notes on translation. Chapter two introduces the musical world where Lü grew up. This includes what he would have learned in the music portion of the Japanese curriculum as well as the popular and traditional Taiwanese music of the composer’s youth. Chapter three examines the history of the guitar in Taiwan, including a biography of Lü Zhao-Xuan. Chapter four analyzes these works’ form and melody in order to categorize the works and examines the evolution of Lü’s style over time. Chapter five will compare selected works to similarly representative works by Taiwanese composers, Taiwanese guitarist-composers, and non-Taiwanese works. The conclusion examines Lü’s place in the world of Taiwanese music and his contributions to the guitar in Taiwan.

Table of Contents i
Table of Musical Examples iv
List of Tables vi
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
Research Motivation 1
Methodology: Scope and Limitations 2
Literature Review 3
On Romanization and Translation 4
Chapter 2: Music in Taiwan 6
Traditional and Folk Music 6
Popular Music in Taiwan 10
Music in the Japanese Curriculum 13
Chapter 3: Lü Zhao-Xuan and the Guitar in Taiwan 16
The Guitar in Taiwan 16
The Life of Lü Zhao-Xuan 19
Education 20
With the Guitar 22
As a Teacher 26
As a Composer 29
Chapter 4: Analysis 36
A Note on Form 36
Published Works 38
Late Spring Flower (殘春花) 38
Memory (憶) 40
Along the Pond (池塘邊) 41
Autumn (秋) 44
Hometown (故鄉) 45
Ballerina with Red Ballet Shoes (紅靴舞) 48
Tango (探戈) 50
Stars and Me (星星與我) 52
Muse (思) 54
A Wish (盼望) 55
Summer Festival (南國祭典) 57
Once Upon a Time (往事) 59
Dreaming (夢) 61
Lonely Lamp of Plowman in Autumn (秋農孤燈) 63
March (進行曲) 65
Song of Sunset (黃昏之歌) 67
Adieus! (再見吧!) 68
Sunset by the Riverside (夕陽河畔) 70
My Grandma (奶奶的故事) 72
Sweet Home (幸福的家) 73
May Rose (五月玫瑰) 75
Nostalgia (想家) 77
Dancing Around the Campfire (火光舞) 79
Waltz (圓舞曲) 81
Starry Night (星夜) 83
Rosy Clouds (彩雲) 85
Those Days (懷念的日子) 86
Willow (楊柳) 88
Single Movement Sonata #1 (獨章第一號) 90
Barcarolle (船歌) 92
Lotus Pond (荷花池) 94
Melancholy (哀愁曲) 95
Recollection (回想曲) 97
Unpublished Works 101
Spring Sunrise (春曉) 101
The Ancient Tree (古樹) 103
Sakura Meditation (櫻花思) 104
A Trip to Longquan Village (龍泉村之旅) 106
Moonlit Nostalgia (明月思情) 108
Evening Rain (夜雨) 109
Every Time at Dusk (每當黃昏時) 111
Drifting (漂流) 113
Dusk (黃昏) 115
White Night (白色夜晚) 116
Red Carnation (紅色康乃馨) 119
The Doll’s Dream (娃娃的夢) 121
Little Dance (小舞蹈) 122
Dawn Break in the Village (小村晨曦) 123
Game (遊戲) 125
Moonlight and the Clocktower (月光與鐘樓) 126
Plateau (高原) 128
Desert Dance (沙漠舞) 130
Yushan Edelweiss (薄雪花) 133
Transcriptions 136
Trends in Lü’s Solo Guitar Works 140
Categorization 142
A Summary of Lü Zhao-Xuan’s Style 153
Form 153
Melody 154
Rhythm and Meter 155
Harmony 157
Phrasing 158
Chapter 5: Comparison with Similar Works 160
Comparison With Lü Quan-Sheng 160
Comparison with the Works of Hu Shu-Lin 163
Comparison with Ahim Tân 167
Comparison with Francisco Tárrega 172
A Comparison of Two Barcarolles 175
Chapter 6: Conclusion 179
Bibliography 182
中文文獻 (Chinese Sources) 185
Interviews (訪談) 187
Japanese Sources 187

Books

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Theses and Articles
Cheng, Lancini. (2015). “Native Terminology and Classification for Taiwanese Musical Instruments.” Ensayos. Historia y teoría del arte 19 (2015): 65-139.
McDaniel Keith, Dean. “An Introduction to Lü Zhao-Xuan and the Performance Practice of His Works.” MM thesis. National Taiwan University of the Arts, 2014.

Online Resources

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Locke, Ralph P. "Exoticism." Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press. 22 May 2019. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000045644.
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<http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/22394>.
Taruskin, Richard. "Nationalism." Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press.3 Mar. 2019. <http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/50846>.
Temperley, Nicholas. "character piece." The Oxford Companion to Music. Ed. Alison Latham. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 20 Feb. 2019. <http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/opr/t114/e1302>.
Thrasher, Alan R., et al. "China." Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press. 5 Mar. 2019. <http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/43141pg2>.
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中文文獻 (Chinese Sources)
中文專書 (Books)

吳玲宜 (Wu Ling-Yi)。《台灣前輩音樂家群相》。台北市：大呂出版社。2004。
呂鈺秀 (Lü Yu-Xiu)。《台灣音樂史》。台北市：五南圖書出版股份有限公司。2003。
林瑛琪 (Lin Ying-Qi)。《台灣的音樂與音樂家》。台北市：五南圖書出版股份有限公司。2014。
徐玫玲 (Xu Mei-Ling)。《解析臺語流行歌曲》。台北市：東和音樂出版社。2014。
許常惠 (Xu Chang-Hui)。《音樂史論述稿》（一）。臺北：全音樂譜。1994 。
黃正統 (Huang Zheng-Tong)。〈臺灣古典吉他詩人—作曲家呂昭炫先生指生命史及其作品探源〉。天主教私立輔仁大學音樂研究所博士論文 (未完成)，2009。
游步斌著 (You Bu-Bin)。《台灣吉他人物散記》。臺北：永億印刷股份有限公司。2002。
簡巧珍著 (Jian Qiao-Zhen)。《二十世紀六O年代以來台灣新音樂創作發展之軌跡》。臺北：樂韻出版社。2011。
顏綠芬 (Yan Lü-Fen)、徐玫玲 (Xu Mei-Ling)。《台灣的音樂》。臺北縣淡水鎮：群策會李登輝學校。2006。
期刊與論文 (Articles and Theses)
林仁建 (Lin Ren-Jian)。〈鄉士的呼籲 - 陳永鑫吉他獨奏組曲《淡水綺想曲》之研究與詮釋〉。國立台灣藝術大學音樂系碩士論文，2010。
林旻諠 (Lin Min-Xuan)。〈日治時期臺灣西式音樂之殖民現代性探索〉。國立台北藝術大學音樂系碩士論文，2009。
林勝儀 (Lin Sheng-Yi)。〈國內音樂家專訪：吉他家呂昭炫－吉他音樂的拓荒者〉．全音音樂文摘。11月1984年: 14-26。
陳惠湄 (Chen Hui-Mei) 。〈西洋音樂傳入臺灣的軌跡-日據時代之前〉。《藝術觀點ACT》49 (2012)：8-15。
賴美鈴 (Lai Mei-Ling) 。〈日治時期臺灣音樂教科書研究〉。《藝術教育研究》。3 (2002): 35-56。2002。

網路資料 (Online Resources)

洪錦珠 (Hong Jin-Zhu) 。《華麗人生》。2 Dec 2019。<http://www.luchaohsuan.com/29305210292356038988-33775405992015429983-2420726354-18.html> 。
原住民族委員會 (Council of Indigenous Peoples)。1 Mar 2019。<https://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/index.html>。
陳永鑫 (Chen Yong-Xin) : 胡樹琳 『蓬萊舞曲』。YouTube，2015年6月8日。
。

樂譜 (Musical Scores)

呂昭炫作曲 (Lü Zhao-Xuan)。《呂昭炫現代吉他初學教本》。臺北：中央樂譜出版社。1978。
呂昭炫作曲 (Lü Zhao-Xuan)。《呂昭炫吉他作品集I》。臺北：立峰出版社。1982。
呂昭炫作曲 (Lü Zhao-Xuan)。《呂昭炫吉他作品集I》。臺北：子時文化出版有限公。2001。
陳永鑫 (Chen Yong-Xin) 。《新世紀: 陳永鑫古典吉他作品》。臺中市：巨石文化。
2004。

其他

徐昭宇等 (Xu Zhao-Yu et al.) 。音樂會節目冊。〈呂昭炫八秩華誕音樂會〉。國家音樂廳演奏廳，台北。8月11日2009。

Interviews (訪談)

Fang Ming-Jian (方銘健). Personal Interview 27 May 2020.
Huang Zheng-De (黃政德). Personal interview. 22 June 2019.
Lü Yong-Xin (呂永信) and 洪錦珠 (Hong Jin-Zhu). Personal interview. 31 December 2019.
Zhuang Wei-Ren (莊維仁). Personal interview. 24 December 2019.

Japanese Sources

臺灣總督府編 (Ed. Government-General of Taiwan)。《公學校歌集》。1915。