臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣工具機產業在全球占有一席之地，在這工具機產業要在這高度競爭力之下，要有較好永續經營與生存之道，則是需要仰賴於技術提升、品質穩定、研究創新。現階段工具機產業所面臨到組裝品質不穩定性，則形成受害服務與人力成本的增加，小則更換零件級能改善，大則被要求退機窘境。然而形成使用者對於公司品牌與形象遭受打擊，使得銷售不佳、機台難維護、客源流失等問題，這都是能以估算的損失。

為了更有效提升品質力、競爭力、運作力相對的提升，則是需要由多方面的來解決。其中品質力一直是問題所在，如何有效提升品質達到穩定、有效是一大課題。本研究將以工具機內所使用之軸承異音改善分析作為提升品質之要件，軸承在機台設備中所扮演極重要的腳色，機台長久運轉之下會產生軸承壽命與異常狀態現象，如能有效改善軸承異常狀況方能提升品質力，首先針對軸承採集異常相關數據，透過8D手法作為主架構，同時結合魚骨圖與FMEA分析手法找出造成軸承異音相關之因素及條件，方能針對主要因素調整與及制定相關守則，更需要強化軸承使用之規範及條件，方能逐步提升機台之性能，降低企業之間的損失，先達到延長壽命之條件。


透過客戶售後服務的客訴案件數量，證實本研究改善分析的方案從原先保固成本約25520元，改善後降低至6000元、不良率達70%降低的至40%、妥善率由原先99.15%提升至99.55%有效降低軸承異音的客訴，本研究案例的改善手法步驟流程，可以建立企業在不同機型的CNC車床軸承異音的改善步驟的標準架構為目的

Taiwan's machine tool industry established its place in the world. In the machine tool industry, it is necessary to rely on technological improvement, stable quality, and innovation in order to have a better sustainable operation and development under current high competition. At present, the instable assembly quality encountered by the machine tool industry causes the increment of maintenance and labor costs, which ranges from parts replacement, and even machine returns. However, users have suffered extreme damage to the company's brand and image, resulting in poor sales, difficult maintenance of the machine, and loss of customers. These are all losses that can be estimated.

In order to effectively improve the relative quality, competitiveness, and capability, it needs to be solved by many aspects. Among them, quality is always the critical problem, and how to effectively improve the quality to achieve stability and effectiveness would be the major subject. This study will take the analysis of noise of the bearings used in machine tools as the necessity to improve quality. Bearings play a very important role in machine, under long-term operation of the machine, bearing life and abnormal conditions could occur. Therefore the abnormal condition of the bearing must be effectively improved to improve the quality. First the abnormal data related to the bearing is collected through the 8D method as the main structure, at the same time, have the fishbone diagram combined with the FMEA analysis to find out the factors and conditions that caused the bearing noise. Accordingly the relative adjustment and formula can be established. It is also necessary to strengthen the specifications and conditions for the use of bearings, so as to gradually improve the performance of the machine, reduce the losses between enterprises, and extend the work life.

The number of customer complaints through after service cases can be the proof to confirm the improvement analysis plan of this study. The original warranty cost was about 25,520 dollars which was reduced to 6,000 dollars after improvement, the defect rate was reduced from 70% to 40%, and the availability was increased to 99.55% from 99.15%. The complaints of bearing noise have been effectively improved. The purpose of this study is that the improvement procedure can be conducted to the enterprises to establish the standard structure for improving the noise of CNC lathe bearings of various models.

中文摘要 i
ABSTRACTiii
誌 謝 v
目 錄 iv
表 目 錄 vi
圖 目 錄 vii
第一章 緒 論1
1.1研究背景與動機1
1.2研究目的2
1.3研究範圍3
1.4研究流程與架構3
第二章 文獻探討6
2.1 CNC工具機產業定義6
2.1.1 CNC工具機產業現況7
2.1.2使用人工智慧分析預防軸承異音10
2.2 8D問題解決法 11
2.2.1 8D的起源11
2.2.2近年有關8D的相關文獻回顧15
2.3失效模式與效應分析 ( FMEA )17
2.3.1 FMEA起源與發展17
2.3.2近年有關FMEA的相關文獻回顧19
2.4軸承種類介紹23
2.4.1軸承的基本知識介紹23
2.4.2軸承種類介紹:25
2.4.3斜角滾珠軸承27
第三章 個案介紹問題定義與衡量28
3.1個案介紹28
3.2 D1建立團隊29
3.3 D2問題描述31
3.3.1柏拉圖介紹32
3.4 D3緊急應變措施33
3.5 D4 真因分析34
3.5.1:探討不良之原因34
3.5.2:產生CNC車床軸承異音之特性要因圖35
3.5.3失效模式與效應分析36
第四章 原因分析與對策改善確認41
4.1 D5 實施與評估對策41
4.2 D6 實施永久對策41
4.3 D7預防問題再發生47
4.4 D8肯定團隊貢獻51
4.4.1效果確認51
第五章 結論與建議54
5.1結 論54
5.2 建 議55
5.3未來研究方向56
參考文獻 57
中文文獻 57
英文文獻 59

中文文獻
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4.林松茂，2008，8D(Disciplines)改善步驟-多問5Why來採取矯正預防改善對策，品質月刊44:5，頁65-693。
5.陳鴻慶(2016)，應用8D手法解決機車燈殼卡榫斷裂問題，高雄應用科技大學，模具工程系碩士班碩士論文。
6.官政宇 (2011)，勤益科技大學，工業工程與管理研究所碩士論文-以8D改善步驟結合FMEA於電子連接器之改善。
7.吳宏杉，2016，運用 FMEA 於車輛塗裝製程與人員教育訓練之研究，修平科技大學，碩士論文。
8.林士斌，2015，應用 FMEA 與實驗設計製程參數最佳化之 研究－以塑膠塗裝製程為例 ，南臺科技大學 ，碩士論文。
9.王德義，2016，應用FMEA於CNC車床製程改善之研究，南臺科技大學 ，碩士論文。
10.台灣區工具機暨零組件工業同業公會：https://www.tmba.org.tw/message_show.php?cid=1448863855&pid=1444896996 
英文文獻
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