臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

自動化倉儲系統(Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems, AS/RS)隨著電子商務興起，逐漸成為智慧物流中的重要角色。本研究以在台灣某品牌電腦製造商的工廠內配合產品製造而運行的大型具多裝卸站的AS/RS為研究對象，為因應該公司近幾年來由少樣多量轉變為多樣少量的訂單型態所衍生出的倉儲需求，而為其規劃合適的儲位指派方式。本研究針對該公司過去一段時間的出入庫資料進行分析，將所欲儲存的物品分成數大類後，再以各類別的使用頻率為依據進行儲位指派。由於儲位指派的問題已被證明為NP-hard問題，因此本研究採用和聲搜尋演算法(Harmony Search Algorithm, HSA)作為求解的工具，但由於傳統的和聲搜尋演算法在解的開發(exploitation)能力較弱，故本研究在傳統的和聲搜尋演算法中加入能夠增加多樣解的機制，在搜尋全域最佳解的同時搜尋區域最佳解，以提高解的收斂速度。本研究利用實驗設計的方法，利用工廠所提供的AS/RS實際運行資料進行數據實驗，並透過望想函數(desirability function)整合多個目標以找出演算法的最佳設定方式。研究結果顯示本研究所提出的儲位指派方法與使用原始的和聲搜尋法所產出的儲位指派方法相比，在存取機行走總距離以及演算法的執行時間皆有較優的表現。

Automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) has become an important role with the flourishing development of E-commerce. In this study, a large-scale AS/RS with multiple input/output stations operating in a computer manufacturing facility in Taiwan was studied. This AS/RS was built to aid the production of this manufacturing facility by storing raw material, work in process, as well as finished goods. Since the demand this factory received has been shifted from high-volume low-variety to low-volume high-variety, this AS/RS is required a proper design of its storage location assignment to meet such change of storage requirement. Based on the analysis of the historical operating data of this AS/RS over a period of time, this study separated all the storage items into several categories per their usage and assigned each category a designated location in the AS/RS. Since the storage location assignment has been proved to be an NP-hard problem, this study applied harmony search algorithm (HSA) to solve it. However, the classical HSA algorithm has the problem of week solution exploitation ability. This study proposed an improved mechanism to increase the variety of the solutions to speed up the convergence of the HSA. In the numerical analysis, this study collected the real operating data of this AS/RS and designed an experiment along with use of the desirability function to integrate multiple objectives so that the best settings on the proposed algorithm could be found. The study results showed that the proposed method outperformed the classical HSA in terms of the total travel distance of the cranes and the execution time of the algorithm.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 研究架構 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
2.1 自動化倉儲系統 5
2.2 儲位指派 7
2.3 和聲搜尋演算法 9
2.4 實驗設計 11
第三章 研究方法與流程 13
3.1 問題描述 13
3.2 資料處理 16
3.2.1資料型態 16
3.2.2資料前處理與分析 16
3.3 儲位指派優化方法 18
3.4 結果驗證 26
第四章 結果分析與驗證 27
4.1 數據分析結果 27
4.2 改良式和聲演算法之儲位指派模型結果 28
4.3 結果驗證 31
4.3.1 演算法比較驗證 31
4.3.2 最佳化設定 33
4.4小結 44
第五章 結論與建議 45
5.1 結論與貢獻 45
5.2 未來研究與建議 45
參考文獻 47

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