本研究使用化學活化方式將咖啡渣製成活性碳（AC），再與鉬酸鈉（Na2MoO4∙2H2O）、硫脲（CH4N2S）均勻混和後，以水熱法合成出表面具有片狀結構垂直生長在活性碳表面的二硫化鉬/活性碳（M/AC）複合材料；依比例將M/AC和聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（NMP）中混合，以塗佈方式附著在碳紙上。
以活性碳作為基材的M/AC複合材經由X光繞射儀鑑定其結構特性，仍保有AC與MoS2晶相（JCPDS#41-1487及JCPDS#37-1492）。以SEM觀察複合材表面結構與結晶，可以觀察到MoS2確實垂直生長在AC上，HRTEM可以看到MoS2具有高比例1T（Trigonal）金屬相，在BET與電化學檢測中可以看到不同比例所合成的複合材對於材料的各種特性的影響，AC的比表面積本身比MoS2要高出許多，而MoS2本身的導電性與離子吸附效應比AC還要來的大，但還是需要正確的合成比例才能夠產生協同效應達到加乘的效果。
在本實驗中已成功製備出二硫化鉬/活性碳複合材，最大比電容在1A/g時達到271F/g。 此外，該電極在8A/g的電流密度下經過1000次循環後，具有出色的循環穩定性和約100 ％的電容保持率，二硫化鉬/活性碳複合材的出色性能受益於垂直生長的層狀MoS2和活性碳大比表面積之間的協同效應。

In this study, the coffee grounds were made into activated carbon (AC) by chemical activation, and then evenly mixed with sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4∙2H2O) and thiourea (CH4N2S) to synthesize molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with a nanoflakes structure by hydrothermal method. MoS2 nanoflakes were vertically embedded on the surface of AC to form a MoS2/AC composite material. MoS2/AC, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) were mixed in proportion and then coated on carbon paper, as the anode of the capacitor.
The MoS2/AC composite material was characterized by an X-ray diffractometer, and the results showed that it had AC and MoS2 crystal phases (JCPDS#41-1487 and JCPDS#37-1492). The surface structure of the composites was observed by SEM, it can be observed that MoS2 nanoflakes were vertically embedded on the surface of AC. From the results of HRTEM, a majority proportion of MoS2 nanoflakes with the 1T (Trigonal) metal phase. In the results of BET and electrochemical detection, it can be seen that the composite materials synthesized in different proportions affect the various characteristics of the material. The specific surface area of AC is much higher than MoS2, but the conductivity and ion adsorption effect of MoS2 is greater than AC. However, it still needs the optimized composition ratio to produce a synergistic effect to achieve the effect multiplication.
In this experiment, MoS2/AC composite has been successfully prepared, and the maximum specific capacitance reaches 271 F/g at 1 A/g. In addition, the electrode has excellent cycle stability and a capacitance retention rate of 100% after 1000 cycles at a current density of 8 A/g. The excellent performance of the MoS2/AC composite material benefits from the synergistic effect of the vertical growing MoS2 nanoflakes and the large specific surface area of activated carbon.

摘要 I
Abstract III
誌謝 V
總目錄 VI
表目錄 X
圖目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 基本原理與文獻回顧 4
2-1 活性碳簡介 4
2-2 超級電容器(Super capacitor) 6
2-2-1 電雙層電容(EDLC) 7
2-2-2 偽電容(Pseudocapacitor) 8
2-3 二維層狀結構的材料應用於超級電容器之電極 9
2-4 TMDs複合材料合成 11
2-4-1 水/溶劑熱法 11
2-4-2 微波輔助和成法 11
2-4-3 噴塗法 12
2-5 MoS2特性 12
2-6 電化學原理與測量方法 13
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 17
3-1 實驗藥品 17
3-2 分析儀器及設備 18
3-3實驗流程 20
3-3-1 咖啡渣活性碳（Activated Carbon）之製備 20
3-3-2 活性碳二硫化鉬（AC/MoS_2）複合材料之製備 21
3-3-3 電極製備 22
3-4 材料分析儀器介紹 24
3-4-1 X光繞射儀(X-ray Diffractometer，XRD) 24
3-4-2 超高解析度熱場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡（Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope，FE-SEM） 25
3-4-3 場發射穿透式電子顯微鏡（Field Emission Transmission Electron Microscope） 26
3-4-4 比表面積與孔隙度分析儀（Specific Surface Area and Poro Size Distribution Analyzer，BET） 26
3-4-5 恆電位/電流/交流阻抗儀（Potentiostat/Galvanostat/Fras） 31
3-5 電極之電化學性質 32
3-5-1 循環伏安曲線測量 32
3-5-2 計時電位曲線測量 33
3-6 電化學電容器之比電容計算 33
3-6-1 計時電位法 34
3-6-2 循環伏安法 34
3-7 電化學電容器之功率能量密度計算 35
3-8 交流阻抗分析 35
第四章 結果與討論 36
4-1 SEM&TEM材料表面結構 36
4-2 XRD材料晶像鑑定 49
4-3 Raman特徵峰鑑定 50
4-4 BET材料比表面積分析 51
4-5 電化學電性測試結果 53
第五章 結論 60
參考文獻 61

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