本研究使用IPDI、PEG200、HEA合成聚胺酯二丙烯酸酯(PUDA)寡聚物，並加入反應性稀釋單體與光起始劑形成光固化基礎樹脂組成(CRCB)；再分別添加TMPTA、TiO2、BBOT形成修飾樹脂組成(MCRCs)。探討所合成的PUDA，搭配工業用單體所配製的3D列印光固化樹脂組成，在光固化積層製造中的適用性。
實驗中先行量測CRCB與MCRCs溶液的黏度以了解其流動行為，然後分別以3D列印方式進行光固化製程，並探討與比較CRC與MCRCs的多種特性，包括機械性質、凝膠含量、溶劑吸收量、Jacobs工作曲線、尺寸精度、後固化的光線穿透、及翹曲。
結果顯示此二類型的流體（CRCB與MCRCs）在低流動速率時均表現類牛頓流體的流動行為。而在光固化程序中（每層20秒的曝光時間下）TiO2的添加，可改善Z軸尺寸偏差及翹曲程度；然而，導致較低的凝膠含量而造成拉伸強度下降，並降低後固化時的光線穿透能力。同樣地，BBOT的添加能改善Z軸尺寸偏差，由於其405 nm的吸收能力會導致力學性質的降低、並引致更大的翹曲。然而添加TMPTA可使拉伸強度增強及提升凝膠含量；但越多的添加量，使材料變脆、強度變弱，及斷裂伸長率及韌性的降低。
經由上述的各項評估，本研究所合成的PUDA寡聚合物具有較窄的分子量分佈、合理的黏度與流動性、TiO2的濕潤性、單体的互溶性，顯示經由適當的調整，可將其作為3D積層製造光固化樹脂使用。

In this study, a polyurethane diacrylate (PUDA) oligomer was synthesized with IPDI, PEG200, and HEA, to evaluate the applicability as a 3D printing resin. The PUDA, selected monomers and photoinitiators were mixed to form a curable resin composition base (CRCB); then the TMPTA, TiO2, and BBOT were individually added into CRCB to form modified curable resin compositions (MCRCs).
In the experiment, the viscosity of CRCB and MCRCs were measured to describe their flow behavior, then sent into the Phrozen printer to perform the 3D-printing, respectively. Various characteristics of CRCB and MCRCs, including mechanical properties, gel content, and solvent absorption, Jacobs working curve, dimensional accuracy, post-curing light penetration, and warpage, were measured.
After experiments, results show below. Both types of solution of CRCB and MCRCs show an approximate Newtonian flow at a low flow rate. Under an exposure time of 20 seconds per layer, the energy dosage is about 0.256 mJ/cm2, and all of these specimen of thin and thick can be cured. The addition of TiO2 lowers the Z-dimensional deviation and shape warpage, but causes lower gel content which weakens the tensile strength, and reduces light penetration during post-curing. Similarly, the BBOT can improve the Z-dimensional stability, but reduce the mechanical properties and increase the warpage, due to its 405 nm absorption capacity. And, the TMPTA can increase the tensile strength and the gel content, however, excess addition of this makes the cured material brittle, weaker in tensile strength, inferior in elongation and toughness.
After these characterizations mentioned-above, the synthesized PUDA oligomer with a narrow molecular weight disperse, shows a reasonable viscosity and flow-ability, TiO2 wetting, and compatibility with industrial monomers used in this research, and indicates that it can be used in 3D-printing application.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 動機與目的 2
第二章 原理及文獻回顧 3
2-1 光固化積層製造技術 3
2-1-1 積層製造技術（3D列印） 3
2-1-2 光固化積層製造簡介 6
2-1-3 Top Down and Bottom UP 6
2-1-4 光固化積層製造的方法種類 8
2-1-5 光固化積層製造流程 10
2-2 紫外線硬化技術 14
2-2-1 光敏性樹脂組成 14
2-2-2 自由基聚合反應 14
2-2-3 自由基光起始劑 15
2-2-4 寡聚物 16
2-2-5 反應性單體 16
2-2-6 紫外線吸收劑 17
2-2-7 分子量大小 17
2-2-8 聚合物鏈段 18
2-2-9 官能基數量與交聯密度 19
2-3 光固化3D列印的固化行為 21
2-3-1 黏度 21
2-3-2 Jacob’s working curve 及樹脂固化後的型態 23
2-3-3 層與層間的固化行為 26
2-3-4 Over-curing/back-side effect 27
2-3-5 列印方向的各向異性 30
第三章 實驗方法 32
3-1 實驗藥品及儀器 32
3-1-1 藥品 32
3-1-2 實驗儀器與設備 34
3-2 寡聚物及命名 36
3-2-1 寡聚物合成 36
3-2-2 光固化樹脂的配製與命名 38
3-3 實驗方法 39
3-3-1 黏度 39
3-3-2 工作曲線（Working curve） 40
3-3-3 翹曲（Warpage） 41
3-3-4 凝膠含量（Gel content） 41
3-3-5 溶劑吸收率（Solvent absorption） 41
3-3-6 二次固化深度實驗 41
3-3-7 拉伸試驗（Tensile test） 42
3-3-8 固體顆粒UV-Vis吸收率與反射率量測 43
3-3-9 列印方向拉伸強度 43
第四章 結果與討論 44
4-1 寡聚物結構鑒定及配方的混合 44
4-1-1 GPC分子量鑑定 44
4-1-2 結構鑒定 45
4-1-3 光固化樹脂組成（配方）配製與其特徵分析 48
4-2 黏度 50
4-2-1 TiO2添加 50
4-2-2 TMPTA添加 51
4-2-3 不同寡聚物 54
4-3 工作曲線（working curves） 55
4-3-1 TiO2添加 55
4-3-2 TMPTA添加 59
4-3-3 不同寡聚物 62
4-3-4 不同起始劑及紫外線吸收劑BBOT添加 63
4-4 二次固化穿透深度 66
4-4-1 TiO2添加 66
4-4-2 TMPTA添加變化 67
4-4-3 不同起始劑 68
4-5 翹曲（Warpage） 69
4-5-1 添加TiO2的翹曲程度 69
4-5-2 添加TMPTA的翹曲程度 70
4-5-3 不同寡聚物的翹曲程度 72
4-5-4 添加紫外線吸收劑的翹曲程度 73
4-6 溶劑吸收率（Solvent absorption） 74
4-6-1 TMPTA添加 74
4-6-2 TiO2添加 77
4-6-3 不同寡聚物 78
4-6-4 紫外線吸收劑 80
4-7 凝膠含量（Gel Content） 83
4-7-1 TMPTA添加 83
4-7-2 TiO2添加 85
4-7-3 不同寡聚物 86
4-7-4 紫外線吸收劑 87
4-8 背側效應（Back side effect） 88
4-8-1 TiO2與TMPTA 88
4-8-2 紫外線吸收劑的添加 90
4-9 拉伸試驗 91
4-9-1 橫向試片及縱向試片 91
4-9-2 P2IHn3-TPO-TiO2 93
4-9-3 P2IHn3-TPO-TMPTA 94
4-9-4 B85-I819-TMPTA 97
4-9-5 紫外線吸收劑 101
4-9-6 不同光起始劑 102
4-9-7 不同官能基寡聚物 103
第五章 結論 104
參考文獻 105
附錄 112

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