顆粒材料在許多的產業界都扮演相當重要的角色，在化學工業、粉末冶金工業、醫療產業、食品工業等，大部分製品都是以顆粒材料的形態存在，然而顆粒的分離行為也一直都是工業界中很常見也很重要的一個物理現象，而顆粒也都以非球形顆粒的形態存在為多，因此本研究針對非球形顆粒的流動特性與分離行為做探討，並且在顆粒中添加微量的液體，從而控制非球形顆粒間的動態特性與分離強度，本研究是以二維旋轉鼓作為實驗設備，使用長軸比為0.352、0.470、0.588及0.704組合的顆粒材料（3、4、5、6mm白色POM顆粒與紅豆，其中紅豆縱橫比為1.63），使用的液體為清水，實驗過程中使用高速攝影機與數位攝影機來進行拍攝與記錄，藉由改變不同的液體含量與長軸比的組合，最後透過粒子追蹤測速法與影像處理技術來測量顆粒的平均速度、擾動速度、粒子溫度、最終分離強度與動態安息角。實驗結果表明當長軸比越小時，顆粒的形狀效應越大，而添加液體於顆粒中時，會使顆粒間產生液橋，而液橋的形成會使顆粒間產生內聚力，減緩顆粒的運動情形，同時也降低了尺寸效應，使兩種顆粒更加混合。然而液體對非球形顆粒的動態特性影響很大，並且隨著液體添加量的增加，會使液橋的數量與厚度都增加，顆粒間的內聚力也隨之增加，其最終分離強度會呈遞減的趨勢，而動態安息角則呈遞增的趨勢。當長軸比為0.704時，顆粒材料會因形狀效應發生逆向分離，但是液體的添加會造成這個情況消失。因此本研究結果證實了液體的添加對非球形顆粒在顆粒分離的機制下扮演關鍵因素。

Granular materials play a very important role in many industries. Processing technology of granular materials is also widely applied in the chemical industry, powder metallurgy industry, medical industry, and food industry, etc. However, the segregation phenomenon of granular materials has always been a common and important physical phenomenon in many industries. Additionally, granular materials are mostly in the form of non-spherical particles. In this study, a quasi-2D rotating drum was used as the experimental equipment. POM beads and red beans were served as granular mixtures, different long axis ratio: 0.352, 0.470, 0.588, 0.704 (3, 4, 5, 6mm POM and red beans, the red beans aspect ratio is 1.63) were used to study the wet non-spherical particulate segregation. High-speed cameras and digital cameras were used for recording the movement of particles. The particle tracking method and image processing technology were applied to measure the average velocity, fluctuation velocity, granular temperature, dynamic angle of repose, and the intensity of segregation. The experimental results show that liquid bridges could be formed between the particles when a small amount of water added into granular mixtures. The liquid bridges can cause cohesive force between particles and slow down the movement of the particles. At the same time, it could reduce the size-induced granular segregation. When the liquid content increase, the number, and volume of the liquid bridges will increase, the cohesive force also becomes greater, resulting in the decrease of the final intensity of segregation, and an increase of the dynamic repose angle. When the long axis ratio is 0.704, the particle will reversely segregate due to shape effects, but the addition of liquid will cause this situation to disappear. Therefore, the results of this study confirm that the addition of liquid plays an important role in the mechanism of size segregation of non-spherical particles.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
符號說明 x
一、 前言 1
1. 顆粒流介紹 1
2. 旋轉鼓簡介 3
3. 顆粒材料的分離現象 7
4. 顆粒材料之物理特性與流動性質 10
5. 非球形顆粒形狀效應對顆粒材料輸送性質與分離機制之影響 14
6. 顆粒間的內聚力 18
7. 液橋力對顆粒材料動態特性之影響 21
8. 研究動機與目的 26
二、 實驗設備與研究方法 28
1. 實驗設備 28
2. 實驗參數與原理 32
3. 實驗配置 36
4. 實驗流程 36
5. 實驗誤差 38
三、 結果與討論 40
1. 不同液體添加量對於不同長軸比顆粒流動行為之影響 40
2. 不同液體添加量對於不同長軸比顆粒分離機制之影響 40
3. 不同液體添加量對於不同長軸比顆粒動態特性之影響 41
4. 不同液體添加量對於不同長軸比顆粒動態安息角之影響 43
5. 不同液體添加量對於不同長軸比顆粒最終分離強度與動態安息角之關係 44
6. 濕顆粒系統對於長軸比為0.704時顆粒分佈型態之影響 45
四、 結論 46
參考文獻 47
附表 55
附圖 58
個人簡歷 93

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