由於全球癌症發生率不斷上升，癌症已經成為危害全人類健康最為重要的疾病。在癌症治療上，除了以化療藥物毒殺癌細胞的傳統療法外，免疫療法藉由活化免疫反應來達到抗癌療效，已被視為癌症治療的新契機。中藥黃耆被認為具有提升免疫力及抗癌之功效。為了開發可以增強癌症免疫療法之輔助品，本研究探討黃耆多醣對腫瘤細胞免疫原性死亡和免疫活化之影響，透過酵素免疫吸附分析法來檢測小鼠骨髓源性樹突狀細胞在黃耆的誘導下，樹突狀細胞的細胞激素是否有所影響。本研究初步結果顯示，黃耆萃取物能有效提高樹突狀細胞 TNF-α、IL6、IL-12、IL-23 表現量，但對於黃耆誘導腫瘤細胞產生免疫原性死亡以及免疫檢查點分子 PDL1 的表現並無顯著提升，未來我們將進一步以腫瘤動物驗模式與運動合併介入，評估黃耆萃取物作為增強免疫與抑制腫瘤轉移之效果並開發出具有可以改善癌症病患及提供未來臨床應用之科學理論基礎，未來更進一步結合運動與中草藥介入對於癌症治療更應具應用價值。

As the global incidence of cancer continues to rise, cancer has become the most common harmful disease worldwide. Different from chemotherapy by killing tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy is treatment that boosts the body's immune system to fight cancer and is recognized as a promising treatment for cancer. Astragalus membranaceus a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal herb has been reported to have immunomodulatory and anti-cancer activities. In this study, we investigated the effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on immunogenic cell death of tumor cells and immune activation for enhancement of cancer immunotherapy. Our preliminary data showed that Astragalus polysaccharides effectively stimulated the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-23 in dendritic cells. However, there was no significant improvement in the performance of immunogenic cell death of tumor cells and immune checkpoint molecule PDL1 by Astragalus polysaccharides. We will ifurther nvestigate the anti-cancer activity of Astragalus polysaccharides in an animal model. We believe that the results in the present study could provide the scientific evidence for clinical application of traditional Chinese medicines in the future.

中文摘要………………………………………………………………………i
英文摘要………………………………………………………………………ii
目次………………………………………………………………………………iii
圖次………………………………………………………………………………v
第一章 緒論
第一節 研究背景與動機…………………………………………………………1
第二節 研究目的與假設…………………………………………………………5
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 免疫檢查點 (Immune checkpoint)……………………………………6
第二節 免疫原性細胞死亡 (immunogenic cell death, ICD)……………………8
第三節 樹突狀細胞……………………………………………………………10
第四節 中草藥黃耆……………………………………………………………12
第三章 研究方法與材料
第一節 實驗材料………………………………………………………………14
第二節 實驗內容………………………………………………………………16
第四節 實驗設計與方法…………………………………………………20
第五節 統計分析………………………………………………………………20
第四章 結果
第一節 黃耆對不同細胞株之細胞存活率…………………………………21
第二節 觀察樹突狀細胞在黃耆誘導下之細胞型態………………………23
第三節 樹突狀細胞的分化成熟度與細胞表面抗原的表現…………………24
第四節 黃耆對樹突狀細胞之細胞激素分析…………………………………26
第五節 以黃耆誘導樹突狀細胞之內噬效果…………………………………28
第六節 黃耆誘導 4T1 細胞的免疫原性死亡與免疫查哨分子表現…………29
第五章 討論…………………………………………………………………31
第六章 結論…………………………………………………………………34
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………35
附件一………………………………………………………………………………40

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