臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在臺灣東北海域棉花峽谷與北棉花峽谷間，有一湧升流被認為是造成此處表層冷水團存在的原因，形成原因可能為地轉效應、海底地形、冷暖水交會以及此處黑潮造成的反時針流場。在夏季（6～8月）期間南風盛行（南風或西南風），但風向變化多端較不穩定，平時風力多半較弱，有時也會有強風出現，但持續時間不長，有時也會受熱帶低壓及颱風影響。當風吹拂水面時，帶動水流運動，由科氏力與摩擦力相互作用下產生艾克曼流，亦引起沈降流或是湧升流。

在本研究中所使用的資料來自「東海長期觀測與研究(LORECS)」整合計畫，採用期間為1998年至2010年的CTD資料，本研究採用夏季（6～8月）歷史CTD水文觀測資料針對臺灣東北海域進行分析，觀察緯度25度～26度N，經度122度～122度30'E間湧升現象。透過中央氣象局彭佳嶼氣象站的風場資料統計各航次其風向，以環流模式MITgcm驗證風場所造成湧升現象的影響，其結果顯示在西南風及西風的吹拂下所造成湧升現象影響較大，其次為南風，而吹東南風時湧升機制會受到抑制，故從上述結果推論在吹拂西風及西南風的情況下湧升流現象最為顯著，而此結果與觀測資料也是相當符合。

Between northeast Taiwan and the Northern Mien-Hwa Canyon, upwelling flow around the vicinity often leads to the sea-surface cold water’s existence. The causes of formation result from the geostrophic current, and topographic effects, and warm-cold water convergence caused by the Kuroshio current to form the cyclonic eddies. In summer, prevailing southerly winds (southerly or southwesterly winds), the wind direction often varies unstable, most of the weakly winds, and sometimes with the strong wind, but it lasts a short duration. While the wind blows over the sea surface, it leading to the seawater movement, the interaction between the Coriolis force and the bottom friction generates the Ekman transport, which makes the seawater upwelling or downwelling in the region.

The “Long-term Observation and Research of the East China (hereafter referred to as LORECS)” integrated project data were adopted to analyze and study. Although the integrated project was performed during the period from 1988 to 2014, only these CTD data were adopted for the study in the period from 1988 to 2010 in summer and in the rectangular area of 25-26 latitude by 122-122.5 longitude. The MITgcm circulation model will verify these wind fields to the seawater upwelling response through the different winds being obtained from the Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan.

致謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VII
第一章、 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究區域概況 4
第二章、 研究資料 6
2-1 CTD水文資料 6
第三章、 結果與討論 8
3-1 海水溫度觀測 8
3-1-1 10m溫度時空分佈 8
3-1-2 50m溫度時空分佈 11
3-1-3 80m溫度時空分佈 13
3-1-4 剖面觀測資料 15
3-2 中央氣象局彭佳嶼氣象站研究方法 18
第四章、 海洋環流數值模式驗證 21
4-1 MITgcm模式簡介 21
4-2 模式設定及其邊界條件 21
4-3 環流模式輸出結果 23
4-3-1 深度8m 24
4-3-2 深度53m 26
4-3-3 深度85m 27
4-3-4 深度剖面溫度 28
4-4 海洋數值模式結果驗證 36
第五章、 實測與模擬 37
參考文獻 38

Bleck, R. and L. T. Smith, (1990): A wind-driven isopycnic coordinate model of the north and equatorial Atlantic Ocean: 1. Model development and supporting experiments. Journal of Geophysical Research, 95, 3273-3285.
Bleck, R. (2002). An oceanic general circulation model framed in hybrid isopycnic-Cartesian coordinates. Ocean modelling, 4(1), 55-88.
Chern, Ching-Sheng, and Joe Wang, (1989): On the Water Masses at Northern Offshore Area of Taiwan. Acta Oceanogra. Taiwanica, 22, 14-32.
Fan, K. L., (1980): On the upwelling off northeastern shore of Taiwan. Acta 0ceanographica Taiwanica, Vol. 11, pp. 105-117.
John Marshall, Alisrair Adcroft, Chris Hill, Lev Perelman, Curt Heisey (1997): A finite-volume, incompressible Navier Stokes model for studies of the ocean on parallel computers. Journal of Geophysical Research,C. 3, 5733-5752.
Lie Heung-Jae, and Cheol-Ho Cho, (2016): Seasonal circulatuon patterns of the Yellow and East China Seas derived from satellite-tracked drifter trajectories and hydrographic observations. Progress in Oceanography, 146, 121-141.
Sherman, K., and Q. Tang (1999): Large marine ecosystems of the Pacific Rim: assessment sustainability, and management. Blackwell Science, Malden.
Tang, T. Y., Hsueh, Y. Yang, Y. J. and Ma, J. C. (1999): Continental Slope Flow Northeast of Taiwan. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 29, pp. 1353-1362.
Tang, T. Y., J. H. Tai, Y. J. Yang. (2000): The flow pattern north of Taiwan and the migration of the Kuroshio. Continental Shelf Research, 20, pp. 349-371.
Uda, M and Kishi, A. (1974): Cyclonic cold eddies along the edge of the Kuroshio current in relation to the genesis and passage of cyclones. I. Waters north of Twiwan, The Kuroshio III, Proceedings of the 3rd Symposium, Bangkok, Tailand, 1972, pp. 199-288.
戴仁華 (1998). 台灣北部的流場與黑潮的擺動。國立台灣大學海洋研究所碩士學位論文, 43pp
盧鴻復;吳朝榮;李忠潘 (2007). 臺灣東北海域湧升流之時空變化。國立成功大學第29屆海洋工程研討會論文集, 613-618
陳柏姿 (2008). 台灣東北部海域的黑潮。高雄市中正高級中學學報第八期, 163-176
龔國慶;徐崇仁;施文鴻;劉康克 (1992). 臺灣東北海域冷水消長：1990年6~12月。臺灣大學海洋學刊N. 28, P. 118-127
孫湘平;修樹孟 (2002). 臺灣東北海域冷水塊的特徵。黃渤海海洋，20(1), 1-10。
毛正氣 (2017). 海軍軍官應知的臺灣東北角海域。海軍學術雙月刊, 119-136
盧靖元 (2017). 臺灣東部海域中尺度渦漩影響深度之研究。國立臺灣海洋大學海洋環境資訊系碩士學位論文, 38pp