近年來，工業與科技的迅速發展，使人類面臨種種複雜的議題，例如：環境污染、節能減碳與再生能源利用等。由於這些議題，導致傳統電網已無法滿足未來趨勢。透過資通訊技術與智慧型設備的導入，電網可以做到電力供應端與使用端的雙向資訊交流，為使電網中的各項設備具有互操作能力，必須選擇適當的通訊協定以達到有效的資訊交換，進而實現電網的即時監控與供需調度。

IEC 61850通訊協定是現今最完善的變電所自動化通訊標準之一，透過抽象通訊服務介面對實體設備建立標準化虛擬物件模型，並藉由乙太網路傳輸以抽象語法記法編碼的應用層協定資料單元，達到設備之間的資訊交流。IEC 61850使用客戶端-伺服器通訊架構實現讀取和控制操作，也具備點對點通訊架構之GOOSE與SV傳輸功能滿足即時性資訊的傳遞需求。

本論文研究GOOSE與SV傳輸功能的傳輸原理、控制模型與ASN.1編碼規範，實作發佈端和訂閱端之間的即時性資訊交換與設備控制，並利用tcpdump軟體記錄通訊過程，分析訊框傳遞過程、訊框內容與訊框的ASN.1編碼，驗證本論文所建置通訊系統的GOOSE與SV規範正確性。

In recent years, the rapid development of industry and technologies has made mankind face various complex issues, such as environmental pollution, energy saving and carbon reduction, and the use of renewable energy. Due to these issues, the traditional power grid has been unable to meet future trends. Through the introduction of telematics technology and smart equipment, the power grid can achieve two-way information exchange between the power supply end and the user end. In order to ensure the interoperatility of the equipment in the power grids, it is necessary to use the appropriate communication protocol to achieve effective information exchange, with real-time monitoring and supply/demand scheduling of the power grids.

The IEC 61850 communication protocol is one of the most complete substation automation communication standards nowadays. It establishes a standardized virtual object model for physical devices through abstract communication services. IEC 61850 uses a client-server communication architecture to achieve read and control operations. It also provides GOOSE and SV functions for point-to-point communication to meet the needs of real-time information transmission.

This thesis studies the transmission principles, control models and ASN.1 encoding specifications of the GOOSE and SV functions, implements real-time information transmission and device control between the publisher and the subscriber. Tcpdump is used to record the frames through communication process. These frames are analyzed. The transmission process, the content of the frames and the ASN.1 encoding of the frame for the GOOSE and SV are validated and verified.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 x
第 1 章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 文獻探討 2
1.3 論文架構 3
第 2 章 IEC 61850通訊協定 4
2.1 IEC 61850規範概述 4
2.2 變電所分層架構 6
2.3 抽象通訊服務介面 8
2.4 資訊模型架構 12
2.4.1 邏輯節點 14
2.4.2 邏輯設備 16
2.4.3 伺服器 17
2.4.4 資料集 18
2.5 變電所組態語言 19
2.5.1 SCL文件結構 20
2.5.2 SCL物件模型 21
2.5.3 IEC 61850變電所系統建置說明與流程 22
第 3 章 IEC 61850通訊網路 25
3.1 IEC 61850訊息類型與通訊架構模型 25
3.2 抽象語法記法 27
3.2.1 ASN.1模型描述文件 28
3.2.2 ASN.1基本編碼規則 29
3.3 通用物件導向變電所事件傳輸功能的機制與訊框格式 34
3.3.1 GOOSE傳輸之運作機制 35
3.3.2 GOOSE傳輸的相關模型與服務 37
3.3.3 GOOSE訊框與ASN.1模型 40
3.4 取樣數值傳輸功能的機制與訊框格式 45
3.4.1 SV傳輸之運作機制 45
3.4.2 MSV傳輸之相關模型 46
3.4.3 MSV訊框與ASN.1模型 48
第 4 章 系統架構與成果驗證 53
4.1 系統架構 53
4.1.1 發佈端系統建置 53
4.1.2 訂閱端系統建置 58
4.2 軟體功能設計 60
4.2.1 資訊模型規劃 60
4.2.2 GOOSE傳輸功能 66
4.2.3 SV傳輸功能 69
4.3 系統實測與結果驗證 71
4.3.1 GOOSE傳輸功能展示 71
4.3.2 SV傳輸功能展示 102
第 5 章 結論與未來展望 124
5.1 結論 124
5.2 未來展望 125
參考文獻 126
附錄 129
一、 ACSI類別與服務 129
二、 功能性限制(Functional constraints)類型 130
三、 GSE/GOOSE應用協定資料單元之ASN.1模型 132
四、 SV應用協定資料單元之ASN.1模型 134
五、 基本資料類型之編碼規則 135

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[4]許世哲，廖烱州，葉子涵，唐永奇，曾台輔，「IEC 61850 標準對我國智慧變電及配電之影響」，台電工程月刊，801期，5月2015年。
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[6]IEC 61850-7-1, "Communication networks and systems in substations Part 7-1: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment –Principles and models," IEC, 2003.
[7]IEC 61850-7-2, "Communication networks and systems in substations Part 7-2: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment –Abstract communication service interface (ACSI)," IEC, 2003.
[8]IEC 61850-7-3, "Communication networks and systems in substations Part 7-3: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment –Common data classes," IEC, 2003.
[9]IEC 61850-7-4, "Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment – Compatible logical node classes and data classes," IEC, 2003.
[10]王奕翔，以IEC 61850通訊協定為基礎之IED監控及GOOSE互操作性測試分析之研究，碩士論文，高苑科技大學電機工程研究所，高雄市，2011。
[11]林立鑫，IEC 61850協定客戶伺服架構研究，碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學自動化科技研究所，臺北市，2016。
[12]林知明，揚豐萍，余瑛，「IEC 61850到MMS映射分析及實現」，電力系統保護與控制，第35卷，第2期，1月2007年。
[13]Fei Xia, Zongze Xia, Xiaobo Huang, "Summary of GOOSE Substation Communication," 2015 International Conference on Energy, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering (EMME 2015), Volume 25, 2015.
[14]柯佾寬，「IEC 61850通訊協定GOOSE功能性研究探討」，中華民國電驛協會會刊，第37期，7月2013年，第33-41頁。
[15]柯佾寬，基於電力變電站通訊協定之互通性研究，博士論文，國立臺灣海洋大學電機工程學系，基隆市，2013。
[16]IEC 61850-1, "Communication networks and systems in substations Part 1: Introduction and overview," IEC, 2003.
[17]IEC 61850-5, "Communication networks and systems in substations Part 5: Communication requirements for functions and device models," IEC, 2003.
[18]Burton S. Kaliski Jr., 1993, A Layman's Guide to a Subset of ASN.1, BER, and DER, RSA Data Security, Inc., pp.7-10.
[19]ITU-T X.690, "Information technology – ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER)," ITU, 2015.
[20]ITU-T X.680, "Information technology – Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation," ITU, 2015.
[21]IEC 61850-8-1, "Communication networks and systems in substations Part 8-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) – Mappings to MMS (ISO 9506-1 and ISO 9506-2) and to ISO/IEC 8802-3," IEC, 2004.
[22]IEC 61850-9-2, "Communication networks and systems in substations Part 9-2: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) – Sampled values over ISO/IEC 8802-3," IEC, 2004.