臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

誌謝…………………………………………………………………………………………i
中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………ii
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………iii
目錄…………………………………………………………………………………………iv
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………………vii
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………………viii
1. 前言…………………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究背景……………………………………………………………………………1
1.2 研究目的……………………………………………………………………………4
1.3 論文架構……………………………………………………………………………6
2. 文獻回顧………………………………………………………………………………6
2.1 轉移因子與攝入劑量……………………………………………………6
2.2 植物樣品取樣方法及處理…………………………………………8
2.3 土壤樣品取樣方法及處理…………………………………………8
2.4 40鉀、鈾系(238U)及釷系(232Th)分析……………11
2.5 高純度鍺偵檢器介紹……………………………………………………12
2.5.1 高純度鍺偵檢器原理………………………………………………12
2.5.2 高純度鍺偵檢器能量分佈……………………………………13
3. 材料與方法…………………………………………………………………………13
3.1 實驗方法……………………………………………………………………………14
3.1.1 樣品收集………………………………………………………………………14
3.1.1.1 水果類………………………………………………………………………14
3.1.1.2 肉類及蛋 …………………………………………………………………15
3.1.1.3 水庫水樣…………………………………………………………………16
3.1.1.4 麵粉與米樣……………………………………………………………17
3.1.1.5 其他……………………………………………………………………………18
3.1.2 樣品處理………………………………………………………………………18
3.1.2.1 農作物………………………………………………………………………19
3.1.2.2 水樣……………………………………………………………………………19
3.1.2.3 土樣……………………………………………………………………………20
3.2 實驗設備……………………………………………………………………………20
3.2.1 樣品前處理…………………………………………………………………21
3.2.2 高純度鍺偵檢器………………………………………………………22
4. 結果………………………………………………………………………………………23
4.1 水果……………………………………………………………………………………23
4.2 肉類及蛋…………………………………………………………………………27
4.3 水庫……………………………………………………………………………………29
4.4 麵粉及米樣………………………………………………………………………30
4.5 其他(蔬菜及魚類)………………………………………………………32
5. 討論………………………………………………………………………………………33
5.1 水果……………………………………………………………………………………36
5.2 肉類及蛋…………………………………………………………………………41
5.3 水庫……………………………………………………………………………………41
5.4 麵粉及米樣………………………………………………………………………46
5.5 其他(蔬菜及魚類)………………………………………………………46
5.6 樣品統整列表…………………………………………………………………48
5.7 加馬能譜分析的準確性與不確定度……………………50
6. 結論…………………………………………………………………………………………51
7. 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………………53

圖目錄
圖 3-1農作物處理流程………………………………………………………19
圖 3-2水樣處理流程……………………………………………………………19
圖 3-3土樣處理流程……………………………………………………………20
圖 3-4抽氣過濾設備……………………………………………………………21
圖 3-5研磨過篩設備……………………………………………………………22

表目錄
表 1-1農產品主要出口統計……………………………………………………………………………………2
表 1-2天然放射性核種的活度濃度基準值…………………………………………………………3
表 1-3為40鉀、鈾系(238U)及釷系(232Th)及子核轉換因子…………………5
表 2-1世界各國地區土壤活度濃度值的特性研究………………………………………………10
表 2-2為取樣深度對土壤活度濃度值的特性研究……………………………………………11
表 3-1水果取樣種類及分析部位……………………………………………………………………………15
表 3-2肉類取樣種類…………………………………………………………………………………………………16
表 3-3水庫水樣取樣列表………………………………………………………………………………………16
表 3-4米類及麵粉取樣………………………………………………………………………………………………17
表 3-5其他樣品……………………………………………………………………………………………………………18
表 3-6前處理所需設備………………………………………………………………………………………………21
表 4-1水果果實加馬分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………24
表 4-2水果土樣加馬分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………25
表 4-3水果葉子加馬分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………26
表 4-4水果皮樣加馬分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………27
表 4-5肉類及蛋樣加馬分析列表……………………………………………………………………………28
表 4-6水庫加馬分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………………29
表 4-7麵粉加馬分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………………31
表 4-8米樣加馬分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………………31
表 4-9其他(根莖類、魚類及葉菜類) 40鉀加馬分析列表…………………………32
表 4-10其他(根莖類、魚類及葉菜類) 238U加馬分析列表………………………33
表 5-1農委會糧食供需100~107年報(g/per day)……………………………………34
表 5-2國家攝食資料庫106年攝食量資料(g/per day)……………………………35
表 5-3水果TF值分析列表………………………………………………………………………………………37
表 5-4水果葉子TF分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………38
表 5-5水果皮樣TF分析列表…………………………………………………………………………………39
表 5-6水果攝取的國民劑量值分析列表……………………………………………………………40
表 5-7肉類及蛋攝取的國民劑量值分析列表……………………………………………………41
表 5-8水庫所含40鉀造成各年齡層所接受的國民劑量值分析列表……………42
表 5-9水庫所含232Th造成各年齡層所接受的國民劑量值分析列表…………43
表 5-10水庫所含238U造成各年齡層所接受的國民劑量值分析列表…………44
表 5-11水庫水樣平均造成各年齡層所接受的國民劑量值分析列表……………45
表 5-12麵粉及米攝取的國民劑量值分析列表……………………………………………………46
表 5-13其他類攝取的國民劑量值分析列表 ………………………………………………………47
表 5-14樣品統整列表………………………………………………………………………………………………48
表 5-15部分食品所含40鉀活度濃度與其他國家比較[13]…………………………49

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