臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為了釐清大跨徑斜張橋體與鋼纜不同振態頻率在受溫度及交通活載的長期影響機制，本論文選定香港汀九斜張橋作為研究對象，並整理與探討該座橋在連續一年的橋面及鋼纜之微振量測資料。接著利用隨機子空間識別法經改良式穩定圖及三階段篩分技巧，準確的識別出隨時間變化的各振態參數。最後再對環境及運作因素與各振態頻率進行相關性分析，並進一步的建立其有限元素模型以進行深入探討及驗證。
根據本論文的分析結果，可以發現大跨徑斜張橋之橋面第一與第二垂直向撓曲振態頻率變化與代表交通活載指標的平均振幅在各月及整年均呈現強負相關性，且與鋼栓及空氣溫度變化均較無關係性。橫向穩定索的振態頻率與鋼栓及空氣溫度變化在各月均呈現強負相關性，但在整年的溫度影響下，橋塔、鋼纜及橫梁會同時受到溫度變化的影響，使得對振態頻率的影響相互抵消，而與交通活載則較無相關性。此外，縱向穩定索因直接連接橋塔與橋面，所以其振態頻率會同時受到溫度及橋面交通量的影響，導致與各項環境及運作因素均無明顯相關性。最後透過有限元素模型的驗證，結果顯示橋面第一及第二垂直向撓曲振態頻率主要是受到支承束制鬆解效應的影響導致的頻率變化，此外，鋼纜與縱向穩定索也會影響橋面第一及第二垂直向撓曲振態的變化。

For clarifying the mechanisms of temperature and traffic loading effects on the girder and cable frequencies of various long-span cable-stayed bridge, Hong Kong Ting Kau Bridge is investigated in this thesis. Ambient vibration measurement data of the girder and cable of this bridge lasting for one year are arranged and discussed. Stochastic subspace identification together with the alternative stabilization diagram and the three-stage sifting process is then applied to accurately identify the corresponding modal parameters varying with time. Finally, the correlation analysis is performed to examine the dominant environmental and operational effects for the variation of modal frequencies. Finite element model is also established for further exploration and verification.
Based on the analysis in this thesis, it can be found that the frequency of the girder of the of long-span cable-stayed bridge first and second vertically bending mode are strongly correlated with the traffic loading represented by the average vibration amplitude in a negative manner in each month and year. On the other hand, the corresponding correlation with the steel bolt and air temperature is relatively weak. The modal frequencies of the transverse stable cable are strongly correlated with the steel bolt and air temperature in each month. However, the tower, cable and girder are affected by temperature at the same time. So that the effect on the modal frequencies is canceled out each other. On the other hand, the corresponding correlation with the average vibration amplitude is relatively weak. The longitudinal stable cable is connected to the tower and girder, so modal frequencies is affected by temperature and traffic at the same time, resulting the corresponding correlation with various environmental and operational effects is relatively weak. According to the finite element model, it is clearly shown that the relaxation of boundary constraints is the main factor to cause the variation of frequency for the first and second vertically bending mode of the girder. By the way, the cable and longitudinal stable cable are also factor to cause the variation of frequency for the first and second vertically bending mode of the girder.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與目的 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 研究方法與內容 3
1.4 論文架構 4
第二章 香港汀九橋介紹與資料整理 5
2.1 橋梁介紹 5
2.2 量測規劃與儀器配置 5
2.3 量測數據之整理量測規劃與儀器配置 6
第三章 隨機子空間識別法 8
3.1 協方差型隨機子空間識別法 8
3.2 傳統穩定圖與改良式穩定圖 11
3.3 階層式篩分之應用 12
第四章 橋面振態頻率與環境及運作因素之相關性分析 16
4.1 橋面振態頻率之SSI分析 16
4.2 橋面振態頻率之儀器選用 17
4.3 橋面振態頻率與環境及運作因素之相關性分析 18
第五章 穩定索振態頻率與環境及運作因素之相關性分析 20
5.1 穩定索振態頻率之SSI分析 20
5.2 穩定索振態頻率與環境及運作因素之相關性分析 21
5.3 橫向穩定索振態頻率與有效溫度之相關性分析 24
第六章 有限元素模型分析 26
6.1 有限元素模型之建立與調整 26
6.2 有限元素模型之驗證 28
第七章 結論與建議 30
7.1 結論 30
7.2 建議 31
參考文獻 32
附錄 39

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