臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在高速通訊的發展中，衛星通訊逐漸成為無線通訊的解決方案之一。衛星
強大的地表覆蓋性提供了超廣域通訊的可能性。不同於傳統軍事衛星應用，通訊衛星也逐漸應用於數據傳輸、電視廣播、IOT、金融交易…等。 衛星通訊中又以 LEO 最為熱門。因衛星軌道距離地面較近，LEO 相較於傳統衛星 MEO、GEO 擁有較短的傳輸距離，因此有著較快的數據傳輸速率，同時所需的發射耗能也遠小於傳統衛星。為了符合通訊衛星高年限的運轉時間，近年來又以電子掃描式的發射器更為熱門。電子掃描式的發射器相較於傳統機械式發射器，可以不需旋轉發射器本體即可達到轉動發射方向，因此在衛星應用上，可以達到快速轉向、無須機械式轉軸、提高使用年限等優勢。

In the development of high-speed communication, satellite communication has gradually become one of the solutions for wireless communication. The strong surface coverage of satellites provides the possibility of ultra-wide area communication. Different from traditional military satellite applications, communication satellites are
also gradually used in data transmission, TV broadcasting, IoT, financial transactions...etc. In satellite communications, LEO is the most popular. Since the satellite orbit is closer to the ground, LEO has a lower transmission distance compared to traditional satellite MEO, GEO, therefore, a faster data transmission rate. And the required launch energy consumption is much less than the traditional satellite. To meet the high
operating time of communication satellites, electronically scanned array transmitters are more popular in these years. Compared with the conventional mechanical transmitter, the electronically scanned array transmitter can reach the changing launch direction without rotating the transmitter body. Therefore, in satellite applications, it can achieve the advantages of fast turning, no mechanical shaft, and improved service life.

Chinese Abstract i
English Abstract ii
Acknowledgements iii
1 Introduction 1
2 Phased Array 2
2.1 Introduction 2
2.2 Passive Phased Array 4
2.3 Active Phased Array 5
2.4 Hybrid Phased Array 6
3 Transmitter System 8
3.1 System Architecture 8
3.2 Front-end TX Board 10
3.2.1 Transmitter Element 12
3.2.2 Divider Tree 15
3.2.3 Monitor 17
3.3 Up-Converter Board 18
3.4 RX Board 20
3.5 Tier-1 Board 22
4 Front-end Calibration 23
4.1 Introduction 23
4.2 Gain Calibration 23
4.3 Phase Calibration 28
4.4 Measurement Result 32
5 Conclusion and Future Works 38
Bibliography 39

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