臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中小企業為我國經濟之主體，其中家族企業占台灣中小企業比例約高達98%，而依據資料發現，中小企業存活率只有近五成可維持至十年，顯見中小企業的經營實屬不易。故如何協助占台灣中小型企業多數的家族企業找出經營之重要關鍵成功因素，檢視企業本身重要資源或能力，以有效強化並提昇競爭力，進而增加其成功與持續經營的機會，遂成重要議題。因此，本研究目的主要係以資源基礎觀點為主軸，分析探討中小型企業家族企業資源基礎相關要素對於經營關鍵成功因素之相對重要性排序。本研究首先透過相關文獻彙整分析，歸納出影響中小型家族企業經營關鍵成功因素共包括：「領導與經營」、「家族成員」、「策略規劃」、「研發與創新」、「顧客與市場發展」、及「人力資源」六大構面 (含18項評估準則)，據以設計專家問卷。經由專家共識共篩選出八項關鍵成功因素(評估準則)，做為「顧客需求(Customer Requirements, CR)」(即「顧客聲音(Voice of Customers, VOC)」)；其次，以資源基礎觀點之相關重要因素，做為「技術需求(Technical Requirements , TR)」(即「工程聲音(Voice of Engineering, VOE)」)。再利用品質機能展開法(Quality Function Development, QFD)結合灰關聯分析(Grey Relational Analysis, GRA)，並採用熵(Entropy)客觀權重，發掘中小型家族企業經營關鍵成功因素之相對權重與資源基礎要素優先排序。研究結果顯示，中小型家族企業經營成功關鍵因素之前三項因素依序為「員工參與及授權」、「企業文化」、「策略展開」。而資源基礎要素執行之相對重要性前兩項要素依序為「管理資源」、「人力資源」。期本研究結果能提供中小型家族企業經營者，評估自身所具備的經營成功需求特性之符合性，以及資源基礎要素相對重要性之參考依據，使其減少經營失敗與風險等障礙，即提升其企業經營成功機率。

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the mainstay of our country’s economy. Among them, family businesses account for about 98% of Taiwan’s SMEs. According to the relevant data, it is found that only nearly 50% of the survival rate of SMEs can be maintained for ten years. It is obvious that the operation of SMEs is not easy. Therefore, how to assist the family businesses, which accounts for the majority of SMEs in Taiwan, to identify the important key success factors for their operations and to examine their own important resources or capabilities, so as to effectively strengthen and enhance their competitiveness, and thereby increase their chances of success and continuous operations, has become important issue. Therefore, the research is mainly aimed to analyze and explore the relative importance of the factors related to the resource base of small and medium family businesses to the key success factors of operations based on the resource-based view. Six dimensions, “Leadership and Management”, “Family Members”, “Strategic Planning”, “R&D and Innovation”, “Customer and Market Development”, and “Human Resources” (including 18 evaluation criteria) were first summarized based on the extensive review of related literature, which were used for the design of expert questionnaire. Eight key success factors (evaluation criteria) were then selected by the experts’ consensus as “Customer Requirements” (i.e., “Voice of Customers (VOC)”). Secondly, the important factors related to the resource-based view were referred to as “Technical Requirements (TR)” (i.e., “Voice of Engineering (VOE)”). Quality Function Deployment (QFD) combined with Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) and entropy objective weighting were then adopted to find out the relative weights of the key success factors and the priorities of resource-based elements for operations of small medium family business. The research results show that the first three key success factors for small and medium family businesses are “Employee participation and authorization”, “Corporate culture”, and “Strategic deployment” in order. The first two important implementation of resource-based elements are “Management resources” and “Human resources”. It is hoped that the results of this study can provide the operators of small and medium family businesses with a reference to assess their own compliance with the characteristics required for business success and the relative importance of resource-based elements, so that they can reduce obstacles such as business failure and risk, that is, increase the chances of business success.

目錄
摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目 錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第三節 研究流程 2
第四節 論文架構 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 中小型企業定義與現況 5
第二節 家族企業定義 6
第三節 中小型家族企業經營關鍵成功因素 8
第四節 資源基礎觀點 12
第三章　研究方法 15
第一節 研究分析模式 15
第二節 Kano二維品質模式 16
第三節 品質機能展開 20
第四節 熵值權重法 22
第五節 灰關聯分析 23
第六節 問卷設計與資料蒐集 25
第四章　實證結果與討論 26
第一節 專家背景資料分析 26
第二節 第一階段Kano二維品質問卷分析 27
第三節 第二階段品質機能展開分析 30
第四節 討論 34
第五章　結論與建議 37
第一節 研究結論 37
第二節 管理意涵 39
第三節 研究限制 40
第四節 未來研究建議 41
參考文獻 42
附錄一「中小型家族企業經營關鍵成功因素分析調查」Kano專家問卷 47
附錄二 「中小型家族企業資源基礎要素分析調查」品質機能展開專家問卷 50

表目錄
表 2-1 2019年企業家數及比率－按經營年數及規模別 6
表 2-2　關鍵成功因素之定義 8
表 2-3　影響中小型家族企業經營關鍵成功因素彙整 11
表 2-4　中小型家族企業經營資源基礎觀點(RBV)要素 14
表 3-1　Kano二維品質要素歸類表 17
表 3-2　修改後之Kano二維經營成功要素歸類表 17
表 3-3　應用Kano二維品質模式相關文獻 19
表 3-4　應用品質機能展開相關文獻 21
表 4-1　Kano受訪專家背景分佈 26
表 4-2　QFD受訪專家背景分佈 27
表 4-3　Kano二維經營成功屬性分析結果-中小型家族企業主 28
表 4-4　Kano二維經營成功屬性分析結果-中小型家族企業高階主管 28
表 4-5　Kano二維經營成功屬性分析結果-中小型家族企業主與高階主管 29
表 4-6　Kano二維經營成功屬性分析結果統計表 29
表 4-7　VOC*VOE關係矩陣之專家意見彙整 30
表 4-8　「顧客需求(CR/VOC)」（評估準則）之熵值權重分析結果 31
表 4-9　正規化後的數據(x*ij) 32
表 4-10　灰關聯之差序列(Δoij) 32
表 4-11　灰關聯係數值 ( γoij) 33
表 4-12　中小企業經營關鍵成功因素之品質機能展開表 33

圖目錄
圖 1-1 研究流程圖 3
圖 2-1 成功的家族企業之重要經營指標 10
圖 3-1 研究分析模式 15
圖 3-2 Kano二維品質模式 17
圖 3-3　本研究修改後之Kano二維品質模式 19
圖 3-4　品質屋架構圖 21

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