臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

甲殼類和魚類經演化發展出具保護性之外骨骼和鱗片，而這些外骨骼和鱗片由幾丁質/蛋白質或膠原蛋白纖維組成，形成螺旋狀堆疊，被稱為螺旋層板結構。 螺旋層板結構已被廣泛了解與研究，並被認為是一種堅韌、耐衝擊的結構設計。另一方面，牙齒和馬蹄等生物材料為管狀結構所組成，其中有組織性的孔隙通過阻止周圍裂紋的生長提供優秀的抗衝擊性或抗穿刺性。此外，羊角中的小管在壓縮載荷下表現出卓越的能量吸收能力，以承受季節性打鬥中的衝擊力。由於大多數天然材料具有階層性和多功能性，因此不同結構設計的集成是不可避免的。
本研究設計了一種螺旋排列的管狀結構，其靈感來自螺旋層板結構的原纖維間基質，它結合了螺旋和管狀結構元素的特性。利用熔融沈積建模 (FDM) 製造三維實體，通過修改管狀結構相鄰層之間的旋轉角度，我們探討其能量吸收能力和變形行為，包括從負蒲松比性能到屈曲現象的過渡以及某些螺旋排列管狀結構的獨特螺旋狀屈曲機制。不同的旋轉角度造就了不同的機械性質；而繪製能量吸收圖得解釋螺旋排列管狀結構對抗特定能量的能力。在數值模擬上，我們利用有限元分析對螺旋排列管狀結構進行模擬，以闡明其於壓縮載荷下的變形行為和應力分佈。這種受自然啟發的輕量、吸能、可恢復的螺旋排列的管狀結構有望應用於工程領域。

Crustaceans and fishes have developed protective exoskeletons and scales assembled from chitin-protein or collagen fibrils which form helicoidal stacking, named Bouligand structure. The Bouligand structure has been widely recognized and studied and is considered as a tough, impact-resistant structural design. On the other hand, biological materials such as teeth and horse hooves consist of tubular structures where the organized porosities provide incredible impact- or pierce-resistance by arresting the surrounding crack growth. In addition, tubules in sheep horns exhibit great energy absorption ability under compressive loading in order to endure the impact force during seasonal fighting. Since most of the natural materials are hierarchical and multifunctional, integration of different structural designs is inevitable and essential.
In this study, we design a helically oriented tubular (HOT) structure inspired from the inter fibril matrix of the Bouligand structure, which combines the characteristic of helical and tubular structural design elements. Three-dimensional entities are fabricated through fused deposition modeling (FDM). By modifying rotation angles between adjacent layers of the tubular structure, we explore the energy absorption ability and the deformation behavior, including the transition from auxetic performance to buckling phenomenon and a unique helical-like buckling mechanism of certain HOT structures. Various rotation angles result in different mechanical properties; the energy absorption diagram is plotted to explain the ability of HOT structures against specific energy. Numerically, we perform simulation on the HOT structures by finite element analysis to elucidate the deformation behavior and the stress distribution under compressive loading. Such lightweight, energy absorbent, recoverable HOT structures inspired by nature can be applied in engineering fields.

Content I
Figure Caption III
Table Caption XVII
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
Chapter 2. Literature review 3
2.1 Structural Biological Materials 3
2.2 Additive Manufacturing of Bio-inspired Materials 10
2.3 Energy Absorption Ability of Biological and Bio-inspired Structures 13
2.4 Auxeticity & Buckling Induced by Instability 21
2.5 Finite Element Analysis in Energy Absorbers 26
Chapter 3. Experiment Method 30
3.1 Model designs of helically oriented tubular structures 30
3.2 Additive Manufacturing Process 34
3.3 Compression Test 37
3.4 Structural Observation by Laser Confocal Scanning Microscope 39
3.5 Finite Element Analysis 41
Chapter 4. Results & Discussion 45
4.1 Helically Oriented Tubular Structure with Cylindrical Geometry 46
4.1.1 Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behavior of the Helically Oriented Tubular Structures with Different Tubular Geometries 48
4.1.2 Mechanical Properties of the Helically Oriented Tubular Structures 53
4.1.3 Deformation Behavior of the Helically Oriented Tubular Structures 66
4.1.4 Finite Element Analysis on the Helically Oriented Tubular Structures 79
4.2 Helically Oriented Tubular Structure with Cubic Geometry 95
4.2.1 Mechanical Properties of the Cubic Helically Oriented Tubular Structures 96
4.2.2 Deformation Behavior of the Cubic Helically Oriented Tubular Structures 101
4.3 Cyclic tests on the Cylindrical Helically Oriented Tubular Structures 106
4.4 Strain Rate Dependence on the Helically Oriented Tubular Structures 115
4.5 Helically Oriented Tubular Structures with Different Amount of Layers 127
4.6 Summary: Design Principles and Optimization 134
Chapter 5. Conclusions 135
5.1 Helically Oriented Tubular Structure with Cylindrical Geometry 136
5.2 Helically Oriented Tubular Structure with Cubic Geometry 139
Chapter 6. Future Work 141
References 144

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