臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統懸臂梁結構之壓電式能量採集器受限於發電頻寬過窄。為了改善此問題，本論文提出了一個以折返梁為結構的衝擊式壓電能量採集器，探討其在旋轉環境下的性能。折返梁結構具有兩個相近的共振頻率，而藉由旋轉時所造成的離心力可進一步拉近兩個共振頻。同時，衝擊式壓電能量採集器可以簡化梁結構的設計、平衡兩模態的輸出電壓，進一步增加採集頻寬。本研究之動態模型推導以Lagrange equation為基礎，引入衝擊擋板之脈衝力項；電學模型則將受到撞擊的壓電材料等效為單自由度的力電耦合方程式，以此完成系統模型。實驗驗證上，首先以基底激振實驗驗證線性折返梁結構之動態，再對折返梁進行旋轉激振實驗。為了驗證模型的正確性，本研究以結構尺寸、擋板初始間距為參數進行實驗，比較各參數變化的影響，並驗證模型與實驗結果的一致程度。實驗結果顯示，本論文所設計之衝擊式能量採集器確實改善了能量採集器的發電頻寬，也逆轉了兩模態輸出電壓的大小關係。並且綜觀實驗結果，可以發現對結構參數的調整，主要會移動輸出的峰值位置；而若將擋板初始間距調小到一定程度，在耗損些許電壓峰值的同時，能有效拓增輸出電壓的頻寬。

Conventional cantilever piezoelectric energy harvester suffered from harvesting bandwidth. To overcome this problem, this study proposes a impact-driven piezoelectric energy harvester based on a cut-out beam and discusses its performance under rotational excitation. The cut-out beam structure has two close resonant frequencies, which can be drawn even closer by the centrifugal force caused by the rotational motion. In addition, Impact-driven harvester not only improves the bandwidth by impact-based non-linearity, but ensures the simplicity of the beam structure design, as well as the output voltage balance between two modes. The theoretical model is developed based on the Lagrange equation and two 1-DOF mechanical–electrical coupling equations. The proposed model is validated experimentally. Different settings of the main beam length and tip masses are investigated to study their influences on the harvester. Furthermore, the gap distance between stopper and system is also discussed. The result indicates that bandwidth can be well improved by tuning gap distance appropriately.

口試委員審定書 i
誌謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 x
符號列表 xi
Chapter 1 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.2.1 多模態結構 2
1.2.2 非線性外力 3
1.2.3 調頻技術 5
1.2.4 旋轉激振被動調頻 6
1.2.5 複合方法 7
1.3 研究動機與方法 9
1.4 論文架構 10
Chapter 2 旋轉環境折返梁動態模型 11
2.1 單一懸臂梁在旋轉環境中之動態分析 12
2.2 折返梁在旋轉環境中之模態分析 15
2.3 折返梁在旋轉環境中之動態分析 19
2.3.1 能量分析 19
2.3.2 動態方程式 23
Chapter 3 擋板脈衝與電學模型 29
3.1 擋板脈衝模型 30
3.2 電學模型 33
Chapter 4 實驗設計 35
4.1 原型設計 35
4.1.1 折返梁之設計 35
4.1.2 檔板設計 37
4.2 實驗儀器 40
4.3 實驗流程 44
4.3.1 基底激振實驗 44
4.3.2 旋轉激振實驗 45
Chapter 5 驗證與討論 47
5.1 折返梁動態模型驗證 49
5.1.1 基底激振共振頻率驗證 49
5.1.2 旋轉激振模態形狀驗證 53
5.2 結合擋板之系統模型驗證 57
5.2.1 模型參數擬合 57
5.2.2 結構參數調整驗證 59
5.2.3 擋板初始間距調整驗證 66
Chapter 6 結論與未來展望 70
6.1 結論 70
6.2 未來展望 71
參考文獻 72

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