臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗採用Fe-22Cr-25Ni-W-Co-Cu-xNb之沃斯田鐵系耐熱不銹鋼作為實驗材料，並藉由1200℃固溶化熱處理及700℃不同時效熱處理時間進行加工，對顯微組織進行觀察分析，主要關注於晶粒內及晶界上之析出物轉變現象，並進行定量化分析。
結果顯示，經700℃不同時間時效熱處理後可知，樣品隨著時效熱處理時間增加至5000 Hr，Nb-0.3之樣品平均晶粒尺寸由178.1 μm成長至241.2 μm，Nb-0.6之樣品平均晶粒尺寸由139.2 μm成長至168.3 μm，而Nb-0.9之樣品平均晶粒尺寸由133.4 μm成長至183.3 μm。而X-ray分析結果顯示不同鈮含量之Fe-22Cr-25Ni合金皆呈現γ-沃斯田鐵基地相的繞射峰，而在樣品中亦發現析出物NbN、CrNbN、M23C6之繞射峰。時效熱處理初期(10 Hr)以NbN相析出物為主，隨著熱處理時間的增加，NbN相周圍逐漸生成CrNbN相，並在其周圍析出Cr23C6相。最後藉由TEM進行析出物截面分析，得知樣品中析出物之主要相變化機制為擴散關係。

In this experiment, using Fe-22Cr-25Ni-W-Co-Cu-xNb Austenite stainless steel as sample. Analysis microstructure after solid solution in 1200℃ and aging in 700℃. Focus on the changing of precipitation inside the grains and on the grain boundaries.
As the result, knowing that after 700℃ aging in different time until 5000 hours, the average grain size of Nb-0.3 will increase from 178.1μm to 241.2μm, average grain size of Nb-0.6 will increase from 139.2μm to 168.3μm, and average grain size of Nb-0.9 will increase from 133.4μm to 183.3μm. Result from X-ray analysis shows that Fe-22Cr-25Ni with different content of Niobium all contain different peaks of γ-austenite phase. And it also shows the diffraction peaks of NbN, CrNbN and M23C6.
In early stage of aging, the main precipitation will be NbN phase. As time takes longer, CrNbN phase starts to grow around NbN phase, and Cr23C6 phase precipitate just right next to CrNbN. At last, by analysis the cross section with TEM, knowing that the main phase changing effect is diffusion.

謝誌 II
目錄 III
圖目錄 V
表目錄 X
中文摘要 XII
英文摘要 XIII
第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻探討 3
2.1 耐熱鋼合金成分的演進 3
2.1.1 9-12%Cr之肥粒鐵與麻田散鐵系不銹鋼 5
2.1.2 高鉻沃斯田鐵系不銹鋼 (Cr:18%；Ni:8%) 6
2.1.3 高鉻高鎳沃斯田鐵系不銹鋼 (Cr: 20-25%；Ni:9-25%) 7
2.2 Fe-22Cr-25Ni系列合金之顯微組織與析出相 8
2.2.1 γ-沃斯田鐵 8
2.2.2 M23C6碳化物 10
2.2.3 MX相 12
2.2.4 Z相 13
2.3 Fe-22Cr-25Ni-Nb 合金之熱力學模擬相圖 15
2.4 Fe-22Cr-25Ni-Nb合金析出物間之相互關係 18
2.4.1 MX相-Z相間之交互關係 18
2.4.2 Z相及M23C6間之交互關係 19
2.5 擴散原理 21
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 26
3.1 實驗流程 26
3.2材料製備與熱加工 27
3.4顯微組織與結構之製備與分析 28
3.5 EBSD原理及誤差影響 31
3.6 Topas軟體之原理及優勢 34
第四章 結果 35
4.1 固溶化處理對不同鈮含量之Fe-22Cr-25Ni-W-Co-Cu-xNb合金的影響 35
4.1.1 固溶化處理對不同鈮含量之Fe-22Cr-25Ni-W-Co-Cu-xNb合金顯微組織之分析 35
4.1.2 固溶化處理對不同鈮含量之Fe-22Cr-25Ni-W-Co-Cu-xNb合金析出物定量分析 41
4.2 長時間時效熱處理對不同鈮含量之Fe-22Cr-25Ni-W-Co-Cu-xNb合金的影響 44
4.2.1 長時間時效熱處理對不同鈮含量之Fe-22Cr-25Ni-W-Co-Cu-xNb合金顯微組織之分析 44
4.2.2 長時間時效熱處理對不同鈮含量之Fe-22Cr-25Ni-W-Co-Cu-xNb合金析出物定量之分析 51
4.2.3 利用EBSD進行時效處理與析出行為之觀察與分析 65
結論 80
第五章 參考文獻 82

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