臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究針對油電混合車使用Pontryagin最小化原理(Pontryagin’s Minimum Priciple, PMP)當作最佳化控制策略。此方法具有計算量小且能確保引擎操作於較佳工作區域之優點，同時達到優化油耗的目的。
為了實現Pontryagin最小化原理之應用，將油電混合車之電池殘電量狀態為狀態變量，以電池功率為控制變量，並探討引擎與馬達之動力分配。等效瞬時燃油消耗含引擎與馬達之能耗為目標函數，經模擬計算後，可得較佳的燃油經濟性。
本研究採用AHS II (Advanced Hybrid System-II)油電混合動力系統，利用Matlab/Simulink建立其反向式(Backward)油電混合動力車之整車模型，根據美國法規FTP-75行車型態進行模擬。經由Rule-Based控制所得綜合油耗為(42.49mpg, 18.06km/L)，經由Pontryagin最小化原理所得綜合油耗為(46.05mpg, 19.57km/L)。其改善幅度約為8.4%，意即PMP控制策略能得到較佳的動力分配，以達到節省油耗之目的。

This study applied Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP) as an optimization control strategy for instantaneous fuel consumption of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) to achieve optimized fuel economy (FE) of HEV. This method has the advantages of fewer computer’s calculation load, and the engine always operates in better efficient regions.
In order to realize the Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle, the State of Charge (SOC) of battery was implemented as a state variable, and the battery power was a control variable. Instantaneous equivalent fuel consumption by the ICE and electric motor was designed as the objective function of optimization, and PMP was applied to search the optimized solution of FE during vehicle driving cycles.
Allison Hybrid System II was modeled and simulated in Matlab/SimuLink. The combined fuel economies of Rule-Based and PMP were 42.49 mpg and 46.05 mpg, respectively. The improvement in fuel economy was 8.4%.

摘 要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iii
目 錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與背景 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.2.1 串聯式油電混合動力系統 4
1.2.2 並聯式油電混合動力系統 4
1.2.3 串並聯式油電混合動力系統 5
1.3 研究步驟 9
第二章 雙模式複合動力變速系統 10
2.1 雙模複合動力系統架構 10
2.1.1 行星齒輪組 12
2.1.2 複合式行星齒輪組 13
2.2 變速箱之操作模式 14
2.2.1 模式一 14
2.2.2 模式二 15
2.2.3 第一固定齒輪比(FG-1) 16
2.2.4 第二固定齒輪比(FG-2) 17
2.2.5 第三固定齒輪比(FG-3) 18
2.2.6 第四固定齒輪比(FG-4) 19
第三章 雙模式複合動力系統建模 22
3.1 動力系統架構 22
3.2 車輛動態模組 23
3.3 雙模式變速箱模組 25
3.4 引擎模組 26
3.5 電動馬達/發電機模組 29
3.6 電池模組 30
3.7 控制器模組及能量管理策略 34
3.7.1 Rule-Based控制器 34
3.7.1.1 Rule-Based之能量管理策略 34
3.7.1.2 Rule-Based控制器模組 36
3.7.2 Pontryagin最小化原理之控制器 39
3.7.2.1 最佳化問題 39
3.7.2.2 PMP之能量管理策略 39
3.7.2.3 PMP控制器模組 45
第四章 模擬結果與討論 47
4.1 模擬設定 47
4.1.1 車輛模擬參數 47
4.1.2 行車型態 48
4.2 模擬結果 49
4.2.1 Rule-Based Control 49
4.2.2 Pontryagin最小化原理最佳控制 55
第五章 結論與未來展望 75
5.1 結論 75
5.2 未來展望 77
參考文獻 78
符號彙編 84

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