臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

世界各國致力因應氣候變遷，除減緩溫室氣體排放，當氣候變遷帶來災害時，維持都市的「容受力」及「回復力」，即為氣候變遷調適。行政院環境保護署訂定「國家氣候變遷調適政策綱領」，希望降低脆弱度並強化韌性，以確保國家及環境能永續發展，落實氣候變遷調適之能力建構，打造減緩溫度變異的微氣候空間。
本研究以區域型校園為重點場域，分析氣候變遷及調適，探討低衝擊開發（Low Impact Development,[LID]）應用於微尺度的校園環境。許多以LID 為研究內容的文獻都以水文影響為主軸，少有針對溫度之研究，入滲及保水的低衝擊開發設施能夠涵養土壤水分，晴天時利用蒸發作用帶走熱能，達到改善區域微氣候，本研究使用實際監測數據評估低衝擊開發對於之表面溫度影響。
雨水花園為全年平均溫度最低之設施，全年溫差可控制於 10°C 以內，其中以雨水花園B 的降溫成效為最佳，與雨水花園A 溫差可達3.2°C，雨水花園A、B 溫度差異受植栽生長狀況及建築物陰影所影響。有效降雨事件分析發現低衝擊開發設施降雨後的溫度皆能大幅降低，冬季降雨事件中雨水花園B 降溫成效可達到8.2°C，雨水花園A 在春季短延時降雨中也達到5.5°C 的降溫成效。雨水花園於夏季6 月份時日溫差可保持在3°C 以內，7 月盛夏時對比鋪面設施日溫差10°C 以上，雨水花園仍可維持在8°C 以內的日溫差變化，顯示雨水花園在長時間無降雨事件中皆能達到良好的降溫效果，且有較佳的溫度控制效果，不會使區域溫度快速升降。分析雨水花園與大氣溫度之間溫度變化，雨水花園在春、夏季都能有3.4°C 以上降溫成效，且雨水花園A、B之間2°C 的差距，為雨水花園A 的植栽生長不良且土壤裸露部分多，顯示雨水花園建置後維護管理的重要性。研究區域經LID 設施導入，原先做為暴雨管理應用之外，也能達到區域降溫之功效，此降溫數據可做為未來臺北市建置LID 設施之參考。

Countries around the world are committed to responding to climate change, in addition to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, when climate change brings disasters, maintaining the "resilience" and "resilience" of cities is climate change adaptation. The Environmental Protection Agency of the Executive Yuan formulated the "National Climate Change Adaptation Policy Program", hoping to reduce vulnerability and strengthen resilience to ensure the sustainable development of the country and the environment, implement the capacity building for climate change adaptation, and create a microclimate space that reduces temperature variability .
This research focuses on regional campuses, analyzes climate change and adjustment, and explores the application of Low Impact Development ([LID]) to the micro-scale campus environment. Many literatures with LID as the research content focus on hydrological influences. Few researches on temperature. Low-impact development facilities for infiltration and water retention can conserve soil moisture and use evaporation to take away heat energy during sunny days to improve the regional microclimate. , This study uses actual monitoring data to evaluate the impact of low-impact development on the surface temperature.
The rain garden is the facility with the lowest average temperature throughout the year. The annual temperature difference can be controlled within 10°C. Among them, the rain garden B has the best cooling effect, and the temperature difference with the rain garden A can reach 3.2°C. The rain garden A, B The temperature difference is affected by the growth status of the plants and the shadow of the buildings. The analysis of effective rainfall events found that the temperature of low-impact development facilities can be significantly reduced after rainfall. In winter rainfall events, the cooling effect of Rain garden B can reach 8.2°C, and Rain garden A can also reach 5.5°C in the short-delayed spring rainfall. . In the summer of June, the rain garden can keep the daily temperature difference within 3°C. In the mid-summer of July, the daily temperature difference of the paving facilities is more than 10°C. The rain garden can still maintain the daily temperature difference within 8°C, indicating that the rain garden is in It can achieve a good cooling effect in a long time without rainfall, and has a better temperature control effect, which will not cause the regional temperature to rise and fall rapidly. Analyzing the temperature change between the rain garden and the atmospheric temperature, the rain garden can have a cooling effect of 3.4°C or more in spring and summer, and the 2°C gap between the rain garden A and B is due to the poor growth of the rain garden A. And there are many exposed parts of the soil, showing the importance of maintenance and management of the rain garden after it is built. The research area was introduced by LID facilities. In addition to being originally used as a rainstorm management application, it can also achieve the effect of regional cooling. This cooling data can be used as a reference for future LID facilities in Taipei City.

摘　要 i
ABSTRACT iii
誌　謝 vi
目 錄 vii
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究流程 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1氣候變遷與調適 4
2.1.1全球氣候變遷 4
2.1.2國際因應策略 8
2.1.3臺灣氣候變遷調適 13
2.2低衝擊開發 16
2.2.1低衝擊開發緣起與概念 16
2.2.2低衝擊開發設施 18
2.2.3低衝擊開發設施效益 25
2.2.4溫度相關之研究 27
2.3三維電腦圖形軟體 30
第三章 研究方法 32
3.1研究區域概述 32
3.1.1研究區位背景介紹 32
3.1.2北投國小概述 37
3.1.3北投國小低衝擊開發設施 38
3.2監測計畫 40
3.2.1監測系統建置 40
3.2.2監測點位介紹 43
3.3 3D建模 49
第四章 結果與討論 51
4.1溫度監測數據 51
4.1.1全年溫度變化 52
4.1.2每日中午12時 57
4.1.3有效降雨 61
4.1.4長時間無降雨 68
4.2溫度差異比較 77
4.2.1設施特性 77
4.2.2日照角度 80
4.3氣候變遷調適能力 89
第五章 結論與建議 93
5.1結論 93
5.2建議 94
參考文獻 95
附錄一 每日中午12時溫度變化圖 100
附錄二 有效降雨 105
附錄三 長時間無降雨 113

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