臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究是利用鎳片上電鍍鈷薄膜作為擴散阻擋層且在Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3粉漿上添加0.05 wt.% Ag與0.02 wt.% APP於側向熱壓系統來製作橫向式熱電元件，電流輔助熱壓條件為溫度340℃、壓力137 MPa下熱壓10分鐘後，再以300A/cm2電流密度輔助熱壓5分鐘熱壓。
然而橫向式熱電元件會比縱向式熱電元件有一個致命的缺點是橫向式熱電元件的元件內部冷熱端溫差較低造成熱電元件的電性較差，結果顯示，在自然對流下量測12組橫向式熱電元件，元件熱源溫度控制於38 ℃，元件暴露於室溫環境為28 ℃，元件冷熱端溫差為0.8℃且電壓為32μV，由於冷熱端的低溫差造成元件電性太小，所以必須對橫向式熱電元件進行散熱改善。且承接實驗室用散熱膏進行橫向式熱電元件熱改善，並在自然對流環境下量測，元件冷熱端溫差為1.0℃且電壓為37μV可發現利用熱輻射造成冷熱端溫差與輸出性能上升幅度不佳。
本研究也利用散熱鰭片讓橫向式熱電元件進行散熱改善，其原理為在熱電元件上增加與空氣的散熱面積，再藉由熱對流把元件上的熱帶走。由結果顯示，在鰭片為1公分，間距為2層熱電元件，並在自然對流環境下量測，元件冷熱端溫差為2.25℃且電壓為79μV可發現在自然對流環境下，利用熱對流造成冷熱端溫差與輸出性能上升幅度非常佳，可使元件的開路電壓上升2.47倍。

In this study, used plating Co film on Ni sheet is used as a diffusion barrier and Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 slurry was added with 0.05 wt.% Ag and 0.02 wt.% APP to fabricate transverse thermoelectric device in the transverse hot pressure system, hot pressing at 137MPa and 340 ℃ for 10 min, and subsequently current-assisted hot pressing at current density of 300A/cm2 for 5 min.
However, the transverse thermoelectric device has a fatal disadvantage compared with the traditional longitudinal thermoelectric device. The lower temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the transverse thermoelectric device results in poor electrical properties of the thermoelectric device. The temperature of the heat source part is controlled at 38 ℃, the device is exposed to room temperature at 28 ℃, the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends of the device is 0.8 ℃, and the voltage is 32 μV. Improved heat dissipation and undertake the thermal improvement of the transverse thermoelectric device with the thermal paste in the laboratory, and measure it in the natural convection environment. The temperature difference between the cold and hot ends of the device is 1.0℃ and the voltage is 37μV. It can be found that the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends caused by thermal radiation and the output performance increase is not good.
In this study, heat dissipation fins are used to improve the heat dissipation of the lateral thermoelectric device. The principle is to increase the heat dissipation area with the air on the thermoelectric device, and then use the heat convection to remove the heat on the device. The results show that when the fins are 1 cm and the spacing is two layers of thermoelectric device, and measured in a natural convection environment, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the element is 2.25°C and the voltage is 79μV. It can be found that in a natural convection environment, the use of thermal convection causes, the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends and the output performance increase are very good, which can increase the open circuit voltage of the component by 2.47 times.

中文摘要 I
Abstract III
目錄 V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XIV
符號對照表 XV
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 熱電元件分類 4
2.2 橫向熱電元件材料的選擇 6
2.3 橫向型熱電性質與熱電優值 10
2.4由熱電優值比較橫向行熱電元件與縱向行熱電元件 13
2.5 橫向型熱電元件效能 15
2.6 橫向式熱電元件電性量測系統 16
2.7本實驗熱電元件的運用系統與缺點 18
2.8熱傳的三大機制 20
2.8.1熱對流 20
2.8.2熱傳遞 21
2.8.3熱輻射 22
2.9介面熱組 23
2.10熱電元件冷端改善 25
2.10.1 元件冷端之熱輻射改善 26
2.10.2 元件冷端之熱對流改善 27
2.10.2.1 鰭片長度 28
2.10.2.2 鰭片間距 30
2.10.2.3 鰭片形狀 32
2.11 本實驗室製程於元件上製作鰭片的優勢 33
2.12 數值模擬 35
2.13 有限元素法 36
2.13.1 模擬溫度場的公式推導 38
2.14 研究與動機 42
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 43
3.1 實驗藥品 43
3.2 實驗設備 44
3.3 分析儀器 45
3.4實驗步驟 46
3.4.1粉末研磨 46
3.4.2粉末清洗 47
3.4.3鎳片電鍍鈷前處理 48
3.4.4漿料配置與試片塗布 50
3.4.5電流輔助熱壓橫向型熱電元件 51
3.4.6橫向型熱電鰭片的設計 54
3.4.7橫向型熱電元件量測 57
3.4.8橫向型熱電元件內電阻量測 58
第四章 結果與討論 63
4.1橫向熱電元件厚度與角度的最佳選擇 63
4.1.1 12組橫向熱電元件的探討 66
4.2 12組橫向熱電元件熱傳改善的探討 68
4.2.1 12組橫向熱電元件有鰭片與無鰭片熱傳模擬的探討 71
4.3 12組熱電元件上鰭片不同長度的探討 84
4.3.1 12組熱電元件上鰭片不同長度溫度模擬的探討 88
4.4 12組熱電元件上鰭片不同密度的探討 94
4.4.1 12組熱電元件上鰭片不同密度溫度模擬的探討 97
4.5 鰭片不同形狀對元件散熱影響 103
4.5.1 在固定鰭片長度與間距下不同鰭片形狀對元件散熱影響 103
4.5.2 在固定鰭片截面積下不同鰭片形狀對元件散熱影響 105
4.6 不同位子散熱薄膜塗佈對元件散熱影響 107
4.6.1 不同位子散熱薄膜塗佈對元件的溫度與熱流模擬 110
第五章 結論與未來展望 113
5.1 結論 113
5.2 未來展望 115
參考文獻 116

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