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研究生:林祐聖
研究生(外文):LIN,YOU-SHENG
論文名稱:應用機器手臂的一筆劃素描繪圖技術
論文名稱(外文):Pencil Sketching in One-Stroke with Robot Arms
指導教授:張榮貴張榮貴引用關係
指導教授(外文):CHANG,RONG-GUEY
口試委員:蔡榮婷薛幼苓簡廷軒張榮貴
口試委員(外文):TSAI,JUNG-TINGHSUEH,YU-LINGCHIEN,TING-HSUANCHANG,RONG-GUEY
口試日期:2022-07-11
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立中正大學
系所名稱:資訊工程研究所
學門:工程學門
學類:電資工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2022
畢業學年度:110
語文別:中文
論文頁數:49
中文關鍵詞:機器人藝術影像處理機器手臂
外文關鍵詞:Robotic ArtImage ProcessingRobotic Arm
相關次數:
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  • 點閱點閱:88
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致謝
ABSTRACT
摘要
目錄
圖目錄
表目錄
壹、 緒論 1
一、 前言 1
二、 研究動機 3
貳、 研究背景 4
一、 機器人類型與應用 4
(一) 服務型機器人 4
(二) 機器人藝術 5
二、 非真實感渲染 6
參、 相關研究 7
一、 機器繪圖研究 7
二、 線藝術研究 11
三、 圖像調整技術 13
(一) 限制對比度自適應直方圖均衡化 13
(二) U2-Net 15
肆、 研究方法 16
一、 圖片前處理 16
二、 錨點提取 17
(一) 邊緣點位提取算法 17
(二) 陰影邊緣錨點提取 18
(三) 主體輪廓邊緣點位提取 20
(四) 面部特徵點位 21
三、 路徑規劃 22
(一) 決定下一個位移的錨點 23
(二) 渲染線段到參考圖和素描圖 25
(三) 灰度轉換的用途與建立 25
四、 繪圖系統設定 27
伍、 實驗結果 28
一、 開發環境說明 28
二、 實驗結果 29
三、 結果驗證和比較 33
(一) 臉部特徵驗證 33
(二) 繪製結果的比較 34
四、 其他繪製結果 35
陸、 結論 36
參考文獻 37
[1]四次工業革命重點. (n.d.). [Graph]. https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD4.0#%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD(1750~1850)
[2]International Federation of Robotics. (28–10-21). IFR presents World Robotics 2021 reports [Press release]. https://ifr.org/downloads/press2018/2021_10_28_WR_PK_Presentation_long_version.pdf
[3]The first colour image created by AARON at the Computer Museum. (1995). [Painting]. Computer History Museum, Boston, MA. https://www.chiswickauctions.co.uk/news-item/harold-cohen--the-first-digital-artist/
[4]Gitai successfully demos autonomous robot inside the International Space Station. (2021). [Photograph]. https://techcrunch.com/2021/10/27/gitai-successfully-demos-autonomous-robot-inside-the-international-space-station/
[5]迎接南韓2018冬奧,LG將於仁川機場派機器人接待旅客. (2017). [Photograph]. https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/115748
[6]Kac, E. (1997). Foundation and Development of Robotic Art. Art Journal, 56(3), 60–67. https://doi.org/10.2307/777838
[7]Winkenbach, G., & Salesin, D. H. (1994). Computer-generated pen-and-ink illustration. Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques - SIGGRAPH ’94. https://doi.org/10.1145/192161.192184
[8]Curtis, C. J., Anderson, S. E., Seims, J. E., Fleischer, K. W., & Salesin, D. H. (1997). Computer-generated watercolor. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques - SIGGRAPH ’97. https://doi.org/10.1145/258734.258896
[9]Wikipedia contributors. (2022, May 19). Cel shading. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cel_shading
[10]Cohen, H. (1988). How to draw three people in a botanical garden. The Seventh AAAI National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI’88), 846–855.
[11]Calinon, S., Epiney, J., & Billard, A. (2005). A humanoid robot drawing human portraits. 5th IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1109/ichr.2005.1573562
[12]Jean-Pierre, G., & Said, Z. (2012, March). The artist robot: A robot drawing like a human artist. 2012 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology. https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2012.6209985
[13]Adamik, M., Goga, J., Pavlovicova, J., Babinec, A., & Sekaj, I. (2022, February). Fast robotic pencil drawing based on image evolution by means of genetic algorithm. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 103912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2021.103912
[14]Yan Lu, Lam, J. H. M., & Yam, Y. (2009, July). Preliminary study on vision-based pen-and-ink drawing by a robotic manipulator. 2009 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics. https://doi.org/10.1109/aim.2009.5229949
[15]Tresset, P., & Fol Leymarie, F. (2013, August). Portrait drawing by Paul the robot. Computers & Graphics, 348–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2013.01.012
[16]Singhal, A., Kumar, A., Thukral, S., Raina, D., & Kumar, S. (2020). Chitrakar: Robotic System for Drawing Jordan Curve of Facial Portrait. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2011.10781
[17]Yi, R., Liu, Y. J., Lai, Y. K., & Rosin, P. L. (2019, June). APDrawingGAN: Generating Artistic Portrait Drawings From Face Photos With Hierarchical GANs. 2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2019.01100
[18]Wang, T., Toh, W. Q., Zhang, H., Sui, X., Li, S., Liu, Y., & Jing, W. (2020, April). RoboCoDraw: Robotic Avatar Drawing with GAN-Based Style Transfer and Time-Efficient Path Optimization. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 10402–10409. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i06.6609
[19]Wikipedia contributors. (2022a, April 5). String art. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_art
[20]Vrellis, P. (n.d.). String art. Vrellis Works. http://artof01.com/vrellis/works/knit.html
[21]Siegel, C. (n.d.). Generate a circular knitting pattern from a picture. GitHub. https://github.com/christiansiegel/knitter
[22]Drougard, M. M. (2017, June). Knit report. https://github.com/MaloDrougard/knit/blob/master/Doc/knit-final-report.pdf
[23]Pizer, S. M., Amburn, E. P., Austin, J. D., Cromartie, R., Geselowitz, A., Greer, T., ter Haar Romeny, B., Zimmerman, J. B., & Zuiderveld, K. (1987, September). Adaptive histogram equalization and its variations. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 355–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0734-189x(87)80186-x
[24]Steps of CLAHE. (n.d.). [Graph]. Mathworks. https://ww2.mathworks.cn/help/visionhdl/ug/contrast-adaptive-histogram-equalization.html
[25]像素參考的相鄰子圖說明. (n.d.). [Graph]. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_histogram_equalization
[26]Qin, X., Zhang, Z., Huang, C., Dehghan, M., Zaiane, O. R., & Jagersand, M. (2020). U2-Net: Going deeper with nested U-structure for salient object detection. Pattern Recognition, 106, 107404.
[27]Topal, C., & Akinlar, C. (2012). Edge Drawing: A combined real-time edge and segment detector. Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 23(6), 862–872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2012.05.004
[28]Dlib. (n.d.). Github. https://github.com/davisking/dlib
[29]1 Million Fake Faces - 1. (2019, November 14). [Dataset]. https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/tunguz/1-million-fake-faces

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