臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

Contents
中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
Contents iii
List of Figures vi
List of Tables iv

Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1.1 Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a causing factor initiating chronic
inflammation related diseases 1
1.1.2 Traditional probiotics and their functional mechanism 1
1.1.3 Effects of traditional probiotics in diseases amelioration are
controversial 3
1.2.1 Next generation probiotics (NGP) 6
1.2.2 Microbiota and NGP 7
1.2.3 NGP target specific diseases 9
1.2.4 Basic NGP regulations and requirements 10
1.3.1 Prebiotics 11
1.3.2 Prebiotics function 13
1.3.3 Enhancement of NGP proliferation by prebiotics 14
1.4 Development of synbiotic 15
1.5 Bacteroides fragilis and capsular polysaccharides (CPS) PSA 15
1.6 Research aims 17

Chapter 2. Materials and methods 18
2.1 Reagent and formula 18
2.1.1 Brain Heart Infusion medium (BHIS) 18
2.1.2 Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) 18
2.1.3 Minimal medium 19
2.2 Animal model: High-fat high-fructose diet (HFHFD) mice 19
2.3 Prebiotics for bacterial cultures 20
2.4 Regulation of polysaccharide region A expression in P. goldsteinii
MTS01 in vitro 21
2.5 DNA extraction by using EasyPure Genomic DNA Spin Kit (BIOMAN
SCIENTIFIC CO., LTD) 22
2.6 DNA extraction by using QIAamp® Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit (QIAGEN)
24
2.7 Validation of PSApg promoter inversion by PCR/digestion in vitro 26
2.8 Validation of PSApg promoter inversion by PCR/digestion in vivo 27

Chapter 3. Results 30
3.1 Effect of monosaccharides on growth of NGPs 30
3.2 Effect of disaccharides on growth of NGPs 30
3.3 Effect of polysaccharides on growth of NGPs 30
3.4 Comparison of growth effects on P. goldsteinii MTS01 31
3.5 Comparison of growth effects on Bacteroides A 31
3.6 Comparison of growth effects on Bacteroides B 32
3.7 Comparison of growth effects on Bacteroides C 32
3.8 Comparison of growth effects on Parabacteroides D 32
3.9 Regulation of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) to DNA inversion of PSA in vitro 32
3.10 Regulation of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) to DNA inversion of PSA in vivo 33

Chapter 4. Discussion 34
Chapter 5. Appendix 39
Chapter 6. Reference 46

List of Tables
Table 1. Primers used in PCR/digestion technique demonstrates PSA
promoter orientations under different conditions 39

List of Figures
Figure 1. Effect of saccharides on growth of next-generation probiotics
(NGPs) 40
Figure 2. Comparison of growth effects of carbohydrates on microbiota
bacteria 42
Figure 3. Effect of PHGG on promoter DNA inversion of P. goldsteinii
capsular PSA gene was not observed in vitro 43
Figure 4. Regulation of PHGG on DNA inversion of P. goldsteinii capsular PSA promoter in vivo 44

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