臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文係於雙基地雷達系統中處理過載目標時之聯合到達方向(direction of arrival, DOA)和離開方向(direction of departure, DOD)估測問題，過載目標係指雙基地雷達系統所欲偵測目標的數目大於發射機元件和接收機元件的乘積的數目。考慮某一雙基地雷達系統，其發射與接收陣列分別由具備M個與N個元件之均勻線性天線陣列所組成，而發展被偵測目標的數目大於 的估測演算法，在期望於低計算複雜度與高目標物容量的情況下，於接收端以提升角度估測之解析度，並且針對要提升處理目標數目必須增加系統有效自由度伴隨而來的計算負荷，發展低計算複雜度的技術進行探討，為了達成有效估測的目的，本論文包含二個主要課題，第一個課題為雙基地雷達系統於過載目標下到達方向與離開方向之聯合估測，基於自相關矩陣重新表示法的處理方式係利用目標反射波訊號的子空間特徵和基於陣列響應的Khatri-Rao (KR)乘積之相關性，所提出的聯合DOA和DOD估測器具有處理目標數目遠大於發射機元件和接收機元件數目乘積的能力和導致解析極限的顯著改善。第二個課題則於傳送端加入一個編碼雷達訊號之基於空間時間雙基地雷達架構，於接收端發展一種角度估測方法以提升角度估測之解析度，並增加目標物估測數目之容量。同時為了降低計算複雜度，故本論文亦將於第一和二個課題中分別發展相對之具有計算效率的雜訊子空間投影矩陣估測技術，來降低高維度奇異值分解(singular value decomposition, SVD)和特徵值分解(eigen value decomposition, EVD)的計算負荷。最後經由電腦模擬驗證所提出方法的有效性。

This thesis deals with the joint estimation of arrival direction and departure direction for overloaded target in bi-static radar system. The number of targets is greater than the number of products of transmitter elements and receiver elements. Consider a bistatic radar system whose transmit and receive arrays are composed of uniform linear antenna arrays with M and N elements, respectively, and the development of an estimation algorithm in which the number of detected targets is greater than MN is expected to be lower than in the case of computational complexity and high target capacity, the resolution of angle estimation is improved at the receiving end, and to increase the number of processing targets, the computational load associated with the effective degree of freedom of the system must be increased, and low computational complexity is developed. In order to achieve the purpose of effective estimation, this thesis contains two main topics. The first topic is the joint estimation of arrival direction and departure direction for overloaded target in bi-static radar system, based on the autocorrelation matrix representation method. The processing method uses the correlation between the subspace characteristics of the target reflected wave signal and the Khatri-Rao (KR) product based on the array response. The ability to multiply the number of machine elements and lead to a significant improvement in the analytical limit. The second issue is to add a space-time bistatic radar structure based on a coded radar signal at the transmitting end, and develop an angle estimation method at the receiving end to improve the resolution of angle estimation and increase the capacity of the number of target objects to be estimated. At the same time, in order to reduce the computational complexity, this thesis will also develop a relatively computationally efficient noise subspace projection matrix estimation technique in the first and second topics respectively, to reduce the high-dimensional singular value decomposition (SVD) and eigen value decomposition (EVD) computational load. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by computer simulation.

目 錄
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
誌 謝 iii
目 錄 iv
圖 目 錄 v
英文符號說明 vi
希臘符號說明 viii
第一章　緒論 1
1.1 文獻探討 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章　問題形成 6
2.1 雙基地雷達系統架構與訊號模型 6
2.2 最小變異數無失真響應(MVDR)估測器 9
2.3 多重訊號分類(MUSIC)演算法之估測器 10
2.4 降低維度的MVDR和MUSIC演算法 10
2.5 子空間旋轉不變與多項式求根演算法之聯合DOD和DOA估測 12
第三章　雙基地雷達系統於過載目標下到達方向與離開方向之聯合估測 15
3.1 基於Khatri-Rao子空間方法的估測器 15
3.2 基於Nystro ̈m方法的過載目標估測演算法 19
3.3 加入時空間處理技術的過載目標估測演算法 20
3.3.1 空間時間過載雙基地雷達之系統架構 20
3.3.2 基於空間時間處理技術之DOA和DOD估測 23
3.3.3 外部碼偵測 26
3.4 具有計算效率的雜訊子空間投影矩陣估測技術 28
第四章　模擬結果分析 30
4.1 非過載目標情況下之DOD和DOA估測 30
4.2 過載目標情況下之DOD和DOA估測 36
第五章　結論 43
參考文獻 44
 
圖 目 錄
圖 2.1　雙基地MIMO雷達系統架構 7
圖 2.2　充分統計量之提取、識別和定位演算法 7
圖 3.1　提出之空間時間雙基地雷達系統之方塊圖 21
圖 3.2　有效碼偵測器的架構圖 27
圖 4.1　變化SNR相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 32
圖 4.2　變化取樣數目相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 33
圖 4.3　變化SNR相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 34
圖 4.4　變化取樣數目相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 35
圖 4.5　變化陣列輸出維度數目相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 35
圖 4.6　變化SNR相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 38
圖 4.7　變化取樣數目相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 39
圖 4.8　變化SNR相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 40
圖 4.9　變化取樣數目相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 41
圖 4.10　變化陣列輸出維度數目相對於DOA和DOD估測之TRMSE 42
 

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