臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

研究背景：平衡能力及爆發力對於跆拳道及田徑選手皆為重要的專項能力指標，過去研究並未針對不同專項訓練，是否會影響其平衡能力及爆發力做探討。研究目的：比較青少年男子跆拳道與田徑選手靜態、動態平衡及上肢與下肢爆發力之差異。研究方法：招募青少年男子跆拳道對打選手及田徑徑賽選手各15名。進行BESS平衡感誤差系統、測力板靜態平衡、修正版星狀偏移平衡測試(mSEBT)、測力板動態平衡、藥球胸前推擲、單次垂直跳高、連續垂直跳、單次立定跳與連續立定三次跳測試。以獨立樣本T檢定檢驗跆拳道與田徑選手在各個變項之間是否有顯著差異。研究結果：靜態平衡測試兩組皆無顯著差異(p > .05)；跆拳道選手在動態平衡mSEBT總和(305.7 ± 17.2 % vs 273.0 ± 35.9 %，p = 0.004)與測力板雙腳跳(垂直平衡穩定指數：0.61 ± 0.13 a.u. vs 0.72 ± 0.10 a.u.，p = 0.010)、(動態姿勢穩定指數：0.66 ± 0.14 a.u. vs 0.78 ± 0.10，p = 0.013)及單腳跳(垂直平衡穩定指數：0.42 ± 0.07 a.u. vs 0.53 ± 0.14 a.u.，p = 0.009)、(動態姿勢穩定指數：0.46 ± 0.08 a.u. vs 0.57 ± 0.13 a.u.，p = 0.006)、(最大地面反作用力：27.0 ± 7.99 %BW vs 32.6 ± 6.43 %BW，p = 0.044)表現顯著優於田徑選手，而田徑選手在連續垂直跳的(平均觸地時間: 0.41 ± 0.13 s vs 0.65 ± 0.06 s，p<0.001)和反應力量指數(0.70 ± 0.21 m/s vs 0.47 ± 0.12 m/s，p<0.001)表現顯著優於跆拳道選手。結論：跆拳道選手有較佳的動態平衡能力，而田徑選手則有較好的連續爆發力。建議未來可針對其他專項監控測量，做更進一步之探討。

Background: Balance and power are critical for taekwondo and track and field athletes. Previous studies did not investigate whether specific event training would affect balance and power. Objective: To compare the differences of static and dynamic balance and upper and lower extremity power between adolescent male taekwondo and track and field athletes. Methods: Fifteen male adolescent taekwondo and fifteen male track and field athletes were recruited to measure Balance Error Scoring System(BESS), static balance, modified Star Excursion Balance Test(mSEBT), dynamic postural stability index(DPSI), medicine ball throwing, vertical jump, single and triple hopping tests. The independent samples T-test were used to compare the differences in balance and power between taekwondo and track and field athletes. Results: There were no significant difference in static balance tests between two groups (p > 0.05)；Taekwondo athletes had significant better dynamic balance on mSEBT (305.7 ± 17.2 % vs 273.0 ± 35.9 %，p = 0.004), double-leg DPSI (VSI: 0.61 ± 0.13 a.u. vs 0.72 ± 0.10 a.u., p = 0.010), (DPSI: 0.66 ± 0.14 a.u. vs 0.78 ± 0.10, p = 0.013), and single-leg DPSI (VSI: 0.42 ± 0.07 a.u. vs 0.53 ± 0.14 a.u., p = 0.009), (DPSI: 0.46 ± 0.08 a.u. vs 0.57 ± 0.13 a.u., p = 0.006) (PvGRF: 27.0 ± 7.99%BW vs 32.6 ± 6.43%BW, p = 0.044) than track and field athletes. Track and field athletes had significant better contact time (Contact T) and reactive strength index (RSI) than taekwondo athletes (Contact T: 0.41 ± 0.13 s vs 0.65 ± 0.06 s，p <0.001；RSI: 0.70 ± 0.21 m/s vs 0.47 ± 0.12 m/s, p <0.001). Conclusion: Taekwondo athletes had better dynamic balance than track and field athletes. Track and field athletes showed better continuous power than taekwondo athletes. Future research could focus on measures to other sports-specific conditions.

摘要-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I
Abstract--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- II
誌謝------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ III
目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ IV
表目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VI
圖目錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VII
第一章 緒論--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
第一節 研究背景與動機--------------------------------------------------------- 1
第二節 研究目的------------------------------------------------------------------ 4
第三節 研究假設------------------------------------------------------------------ 4
第四節 研究範圍與限制--------------------------------------------------------- 4
第五節 名詞解釋與操作型定義------------------------------------------------ 5
第二章 文獻探討--------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
第一節 跆拳道的技術與規則--------------------------------------------------- 7
第二節 跆拳道與田徑專項能力------------------------------------------------ 9
第三節 平衡能力測驗法之探討------------------------------------------------12
第四節 爆發力測驗法之探討-------------------------------------------------- 17
第三章 研究方法-------------------------------------------------------------------- 21
第一節 研究參與者-------------------------------------------------------------- 21
第二節 研究架構與流程-------------------------------------------------------- 23
第三節 實驗步驟----------------------------------------------------------------- 24
第四節 研究工具與測量方法-------------------------------------------------- 25
第五節 資料處理與統計分析-------------------------------------------------- 38
第四章 研究結果------------------------------------------------------------------- 39
第一節 跆拳道及田徑選手靜態平衡之差異比較------------------------- 39
第二節 跆拳道及田徑選手動態平衡之差異比較------------------------- 42
第三節 跆拳道及田徑選手爆發力之差異比較---------------------------- 47
第五章 討論------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51
第一節 跆拳道及田徑選手靜態平衡之差異------------------------------- 51
第二節 跆拳道及田徑選手動態平衡之差異------------------------------- 53
第三節 跆拳道及田徑選手爆發力之差異---------------------------------- 56
第六章 結論與建議---------------------------------------------------------------- 60
第一節 結論---------------------------------------------------------------------- 60
第二節 建議---------------------------------------------------------------------- 61
參考文獻 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 62
表目錄
表3-1-1 受試者基本資料 22
表4-1-1 跆拳道與田徑選手BESS數據摘要表 40
表4-1-2 跆拳道與田徑選手測力板之單足閉眼數據摘要表 41
表4-2-1 跆拳道與田徑選手mSEBT數據摘要表 43
表4-2-2 跆拳道與田徑選手雙腳跳數據摘要表 44
表4-2-3 跆拳道與田徑選手單腳跳數據摘要表 46
表4-3-1 跆拳道與田徑選手藥球推擲數據摘要表 47
表4-3-2 跆拳道與田徑選手水平爆發力數據摘要表 48
表4-3-3 跆拳道與田徑選手單次垂直爆發力數據摘要表 49
表4-3-4 跆拳道與田徑選手連續垂直爆發力數據摘要表 50
圖目錄
圖3-2-1 實驗流程圖 23
圖3-4-1 BESS平衡感誤差系統測量動作 25
圖3-4-2 Kistler測力板 26
圖3-4-3 Kistler訊號擷取器 26
圖3-4-4 靜態平衡穩定測試測量動作 27
圖3-4-5 腳長量測方式 29
圖3-4-6 mSEBT三個方向之測量動作 29
圖3-4-7 DPSI雙腳跳姿勢測量動作 31
圖3-4-8 藥球胸前推擲測量動作示範 32
圖3-4-9 垂直跳高測量動作示範 33
圖3-4-10 Optojump測量儀器 34
圖3-4-11 單次垂直跳測量動作示範 36
圖3-4-12 連續垂直跳測量動作示範 36
圖3-4-13 立定跳測量動作示範 37

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