臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　背景及目的：心經是一部對學佛者非常重要的經典，很多人都認為誦持心經有諸多利益，本研究利用生理回饋儀量測默讀與念誦心經時的生理狀況，進一步探討誦持心經對自律神經的影響。
　　材料及方法：以南華大學教職員、研究生、大學生為收案對象，默讀心經與念誦心經同一組受試者重複介入設計，默讀與念誦心經不同天測試，以生理回饋儀量測心電圖 (EKG)、皮膚電導、手指溫度，EKG經由程式計算轉換為HRV參數，藉以分析自律神經的變化影響。
　　結果：招募40位受試者，由於異位搏動等因素排除不適合資料，計34位受試者資料適合進行結果分析，以默讀或念誦心經前休息時做為平時生理狀態，進行交感神經與副交感神經活動比較，默讀心經時交感神經佔主導優勢，交感神經活動增加；念誦心經時心率變異性降低，交感神經活動佔主導優勢，交感神經活動增加，副交感神經活動降低，降低內在情緒壓力，具穩定情緒效果。默讀較念誦心經時有較多交感神經活動。在默讀心經後心率降低，副交感神經活動增加；念誦心經後交感神經活動減少；默讀或念誦心經後均能提高手指溫度，改善血管末梢血液循環。

　　Background and purpose: The Heart Sutra is a very important classic for Buddhist learners. Many people believe that reciting the Heart Sutra has many benefits. Therefore, this study used the biofeedback devices to measure the physiological condition of silent reading and reciting the Heart Sutra, and further explore the influence on the autonomic nervous system.
　　Materials and Methods: In this study, Teachers, faculty, postgraduates, and college students of Nanhua University were selected as the 　　 research participants. Repeated intervention design for the same group of subjects who silently read the Heart Sutra and recite the Heart Sutra. The silent reading and Reciting of the Heart Sutra are tested on different days. The biofeedback devices is used to obtain the Electrocardiography (EKG), skin conductance, and finger temperature. In order to analyze the influence of changes in the autonomic nervous system, the EKG is calculated and converted into HRV parameters.
　　Results: Due to factors such as ectopic beat, among 40 participants only 34 participants were suitable for result analysis. Taking a rest before silent reading or reciting the Heart Sutra as a normal physiological state, the sympathetic and parasympathetic activities are compared. Sympathetic nerves dominate when reading the Heart Sutra silently, and sympathetic nerve activity increases; when reciting the Heart Sutra, heart rate variability decreases, sympathetic nerve activity dominates, sympathetic nerve activity increases, and parasympathetic nerve activity decreases, reducing internal emotional stress and stabilizing emotions. Silent reading has more sympathetic nerve activity than reciting the Heart Sutra. After silently reading the Heart Sutra, the heart rate decreases and the parasympathetic nerve activity increases; after reciting the Heart Sutra, the sympathetic nerve activity decreases; after silently reading or reciting the Heart Sutra, it can increase finger temperature, improve blood circulation at the end of blood vessels.

誌謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目次 V
表次 VII
圖次 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 心率變異理論相關研究 6
2.2 皮膚電導與溫度相關研究 12
2.3 朗讀與默讀自律神經反應 13
2.4 宗教經文念誦自律神經反應 14
第三章 材料與方法 15
3.1 研究設計及實驗流程 15
3.2 研究對象 18
3.3 研究工具 19
3.3.1 實驗工具 19
3.3.2 默讀與念誦心經隨機分派表 21
3.3.3 情緒自評量表 22
3.3.4 量測及評估工具 22
3.4 資料處理 23
3.4.1 時域資料處理 24
3.4.2 頻域資料處理 26
3.4.3 非線性資料處理 28
3.5 統計分析 32
第四章 結果 33
4.1 受試者基本資料分析 33
4.2 兩種介入模式相同時間點的差異分析 35
4.3 單一模式不同時間點的差異分析 38
4.4 受試者不同分類的參數分析 44
4.5 默讀與念誦心經情緒自評量測分析 55
第五章 討論 57
5.1 默讀與念誦心經自律神經反應 57
5.2 其他參數分析 61
5.3 默讀與朗讀文獻探討 63
5.4 宗教念誦文獻探討 64
5.5 情緒自評量表結果探討 65
5.6 持誦心經人員類別探討 66
第六章 結論與建議 68
6.1 結論 68
6.2 建議 69
參考文獻 70
中文文獻 70
英文文獻 71
附錄A 受試者個人基本資料 80
附錄B 情緒自評量表 81
附錄C 倫理審查同意研究證明書 82

表次
表 3.3.1 默讀與念誦心經隨機分派表 21
表 4.1.1 受試者基本資料 (N = 34) 34
表 4.2.1 默讀與念誦心經前測生理回饋參數 (N＝34) 35
表 4.2.2 默讀與念誦心經介入時生理回饋參數 (N＝34) 36
表 4.2.3 默讀與念誦心經後測生理回饋參數 (N＝34) 37
表 4.3.1 在T1、T2、T3時間時域參數差異分析 (N=34) 38
表 4.3.2 在T1、T2、T3時間頻域參數差異分析 (N=34) 40
表 4.3.3 在T1、T2、T3時間非線性參數差異分析 (N=34) 42
表 4.4.1 受試者調整歸類人數資料 (N=34) 45
表 4.4.2 年齡分類在時域參數差異分析 (N=34) 48
表 4.4.3 有無學佛分類在時域參數差異分析 (N=34) 49
表 4.4.4 喜歡心經分類在時域參數差異分析 (N=34) 50
表 4.4.5 背誦熟悉分類在時域參數差異分析 (N=34) 51
表 4.4.6 有無學佛分類在頻域參數差異分析 (N=34) 52
表 4.4.7 有無學佛分類在非線性參數差異分析 (N=34) 53
表 4.5.1 默讀與念誦心經前後情緒自評量測結果分析 (N=34) 56

圖次
圖2.1.1 心電圖QRS波群 7
圖3.1.1 實驗流程 16
圖3.3.1 般若波羅蜜多心經 19
圖3.3.2 百朗生理回饋儀主機 19
圖3.4.1 EKG心電圖 23
圖3.4.2 以ms為單位呈現的心率波形 26
圖3.4.3 HRV頻域分析 27
圖3.4.4 Poincaré 圖 29
圖3.4.5 Lorenz 圖 31

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