臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於製作技術上的限制，吸音材在製作的過程中，要將每一單位面積的聲學特性控制的完全相同，是很困難的，換句話說，吸音材在每一單位面積的聲學特性是不一樣的。本研究的主要目的在於針對計畫委託單位所提供的船用吸音材進行聲學參數檢測(包括：穿透損失與垂直入射吸音係數)，並提供吸音材的聲學參數變化範圍，以利船舶聲學工程師可以進行更深入的船舶聲學設計。為達上述目的，本計畫將製作圓桶形隔音箱一個，並配合現有的全無迴響室，來進行吸音材的穿透損失檢測，為確認上述結果的可靠性，本研究也將利用阻抗管來進行吸音材的穿透損失量測，然後將上述兩種方法所獲得的穿透損失結果加以比對，以探討吸音材在不同環境下之穿透損失的變化範圍。此外，本研究也將利用阻抗管來進行吸音材的垂直入射吸音係數試驗，此試驗將進行多次，以利獲得吸音材之垂直入射吸音係數的變化範圍。由本研究所進行的量測結果可以發現，吸音材料每一單位面積的穿透損失與垂直入射吸音係數都有變化範圍，尤其是垂直入射吸音係數，變化範圍很大。本研究所提供的資料，可用來協助聲學工程師評估某特定吸音材對船舶隔音、吸音與降噪的能力，對船舶聲學設計有助益。

Due to the manufacturing limitations, it is very difficult to control the acoustic characteristics for each unit area of the sound-absorbing materials. In other words, the acoustic characteristics for each unit area of sound-absorbing materials are different. The main purpose of this research is to measure the acoustic parameters, such as transmission loss and normal incident sound absorption coefficient, of the sound-absorbing materials for ships provided by project supporting company. In addition, this research also investigated the variation ranges for acoustic parameters of the sound-absorbing materials, so that the ship acoustic engineers can develop better ideas for acoustic design of ships. To the last end, this research will construct a sound isolation cylinder, and cooperate with the existing anechoic chamber, in order to carry out the transmission loss measurement of sound-absorbing materials. In order to confirm the reliability of the above measurement results, this research will also use an impedance tube to measure the transmission loss of sound-absorbing materials, and then compare the transmission loss obtained by the above two methods in order to investigate the variation ranges for transmission loss of the sound-absorbing materials in different environments. In addition, this research will also carry out multiple measurements for normal incident sound absorption coefficient of sound-absorbing materials in order to obtain the variation ranges for sound absorption coefficient of sound-absorbing materials. From the measurement results of this research, it can be found that it exists some variation ranges for transmission loss and normal incident sound absorption coefficient of each unit area of the sound-absorbing materials. For the normal incident sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing materials, their variation ranges are significant. The information provided by this research can be used to assist acoustic engineers in assessing the sound insulation, sound absorption and noise reduction capabilities of a specific sound-absorbing material which is helpful to the acoustic design of ships.

摘 要 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… I
ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………………………………………… II
誌 謝 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… III
目 錄 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… IV
圖目錄 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… VI
表目錄 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… IX
第一章 緒論 ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1. 背景分析與目的 …………………………………………………………… 1
1.2. 文獻回顧 …………………………………………………………… 3
1.3. 論文架構 …………………………………………………………… 6
第二章 聲音的基本概念 ……………………………………………………………7
2.1. 聲音的傳播 ……………………………………………………………7
2.2. 聲音的週期與頻率 ……………………………………………………………8
2.3. 聲音的波長與聲速 ……………………………………………………………8
2.4. 聲壓、聲強與聲功率 ……………………………………………………………9
2.5. 聲壓位準、聲強位準與聲功率位準…………………………………………11
第三章 吸音材料的聲學參數量測方法 ………………………………………… 13
3.1. 吸音材料的聲學參數 ………………………………………………………… 13
3.2. 全無迴響室的吸音材料穿透損失量測 …………………………………13
3.3. 阻抗管的吸音材料穿透損失量測方法 …………………………………24
3.4. 阻抗管的吸音材料吸音係數量測方法 …………………………………26
第四章 隔音箱的設計與製作 …………………………………………………………27
4.1. 圓筒形隔音箱的設計與製作 …………………………………………………27
4.2. 圓筒形隔音箱的隔音效果 …………………………………………………31
第五章 吸音材料A的聲學特性量測 …………………………………………………33
5.1. 吸音材料A的全無迴響室穿透損失測試 ……………………………33
5.2. 吸音材料A的阻抗管穿透損失測試 ……………………………42
5.3. 吸音材料A的吸音係數測試 …………………………………………………46


第六章 吸音材料B的聲學特性量測 ……………………………………………………50
6.1. 吸音材料B的全無迴響室穿透損失測試 ……………………………50
6.2. 吸音材料B的阻抗管穿透損失測試 ……………………………59
6.3. 吸音材料B的吸音係數測試 …………………………………………………63
第七章 結論 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………67
參考文獻 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………69

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