臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

臺灣醫藥市場發展與法令相關，自從實施全民健保及醫藥分業制度，加上消費者教育水準提高，國人開始重視健康保養，各型態的藥局不斷增加，藥局創立家數也逐年上升，在臺灣逐漸衰退的零售業中，以逆勢成長，醫藥保健市場呈成長的趨勢。本研究針對台灣地區獨立藥局探討藥局創立關鍵因素，在產業競爭激烈的情況下，若能掌握創業關鍵因素，才能建立開業優勢。
本研究採修正式德菲法、專家訪談與文獻研究，探討藥局創業關鍵因素，以Business Model Canvas為框架，歸納出十個構面及三十個細項，建立問卷內容，立意取樣方式針對獨立藥局經營者進行問卷訪查，將所蒐集資料以AHP進行分析，結果顯示：獨立藥局創立關鍵因素主構面優先排序為關鍵資源、目標客群、收益結構、顧客關係、關鍵合作夥伴。次構面前六項依序為：店面區位、提供保健食品系列、獲取顧客洞察力、開發新顧客、自組不定期合作採購及經營型態決策(產品/服務組合)。研究結果可以提供給有意願創立獨立藥局的藥師參考，希望能在擬定創立策略時有所幫助。

The pharmaceutical market development in Taiwan is related to laws and regulations, since the implementation of National Health Insurance (NHI) and the separation of dispensing practice from medical practice, the increasing of consumers’ educational level, and consumers have become more conscious about their health, variety types of community pharmacies has been booming, the number of start-up pharmacies has also increased year by year，healthcare market is in fast-growing trends. Taiwan pharmacy industry is highly competitive, in this study, main focus would be the key factors of star-up in pharmacy, if only the entrepreneur hold the key factors of star-up can help to build up the sustaining competitive advantages.
In this study, we adopt Modified Delphi Method, interviewing method and literature, according to Business Model Canvas, summarize 10 major considering factors and 30 sub-topics of the key factors of star-up in pharmacy, this study uses the method of intentional sampling, mainly targeting ¬¬¬pharmacist who have the experience in start-up and understand the AHP questionnaire answering method as the survey subjects. Used the SPSS software to obtain the reliability, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to analyze the weight of the AHP level analysis system after collecting the questionnaires.
The results show that among the key factors of star-up in pharmacy, key resources is the most important aspect of the main face. Others aspects are customer segments, revenue structure, customer relationships and key partners. The weights of the top six sub-factors are the pharmacy location, selling health food, customer insights, customer acquisition, irregular individual procurement and management model decision. Based on the research findings, several suggestions are proposed for pharmacist who has start-up intention to provide some reference for developing strategies in the future.

謝詞. I
中文提要 II
ABSTRACT III
目 錄 V
表次 VII
圖 次 IX
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機背景 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節 研究流程 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 臺灣藥局產業相關文獻探討 5
第二節 商業模式圖之研究 9
第三節 關鍵成功因素 15
第三章 研究方法 23
第一節 研究設計 23
第二節 修正式德非法 26
第三節 層級分析法 31
第四節 研究對象 36
第五節 信度分析 37
第四章 研究結果 39
第一節 獨立藥局創立關鍵因素構面分析之結果 39
第二節 獨立藥局創立關鍵因素次構面分析之結果 40
第三節 獨立藥局創立關鍵因素 49
第五章 結論與建議 51
第一節 研究結論 51
第二節 管理意涵 52
第三節 研究貢獻 52
第四節 未來研究建議 53
參考文獻 54
附錄一 問卷內容 62
著作權聲明 66

一、中文參考文獻
大前研一（1987）。策略家的智慧。臺北市：台北長河出版社。
中華民國稅務行業標準分類（第8次修訂）（109年）。臺北市：財政部統計處。
王志文（2012）。建構藥局策略聯盟關鍵成功因素之探討。未出版之碩士論文，國立中山大學高階經營碩士班，高雄市。
司徒達賢 (1994)。策略矩陣分析法基礎。管理評論，13(2)，1-22。
吳宛臻（2007）。台灣社區藥局關鍵成功因素與經營績效之研究。未出版之碩士論文，中國醫藥大學醫務管理學研究所碩士班，臺中市。
吳思華（1988）。產業政策與企業策略: 台灣地區產業發展歷程。中國經濟企業研究所。
吳婉慈（2018）。微型創業之成功關鍵因素-以網路商店為例。未出版之碩士論文，國立成功大學高階管理碩士在職專班(EMBA)，臺南市。
吳統雄（1984）。電話調查: 理論與方法。聯經出版事業公司。
吳萬益、林清河（2002）。行銷研究，臺北市: 華泰文化事業股份有限公司。
宋文娟（2001）。一種質量並重的研究法－德菲法在醫務管理學研究領域之應用。醫務管理期刊，2（2），頁 11-20。
周佩錦（2011）。醫藥分業。行政院衛生署食品藥物管理局。
林旭峰（2008）。台北市傳統藥局與連鎖藥局經營成功因素比較分析。未出版之碩士論文，中國文化大學國際企業管理研究所碩士在職專班，臺北市。
林志勳（2005）。連鎖藥局經營關鍵成功因素之研究－以大台北為例。未出版之碩士論文，中國文化大學國際企業管理研究所，臺北市。
林宗賢（2005）。風起雲湧的藥局經營環境。
林明宏（2012）。連鎖藥局關鍵成功因素之探討。未出版之碩士論文，國立中興大學高階經理人碩士在職專班，臺中市。
林雪芳（2010）。餐飲創業動機與關鍵成功因素認知之探討。未出版之碩士論文，義守大學管理學院碩士班，高雄市。
食品藥物管理署（2014）。推動負責任的自我藥療 (Responsible self-medication)。
徐作聖（1999）。策略致勝: 科技產業競爭優勢策略分析的新模式。臺北市：遠流。
特約醫事服務機構家數增減統計表. (2016¬至2021). 衛生福利部中央健康保險署: Retrieved from https://www.nhi.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=D529CAC4D8F8E77B&topn=23C660CAACAA159D.
袁建中（2004）。以德菲法預測台灣行動電話用射頻晶片發展趨勢。
郭佩雯（2004）。連鎖藥局關鍵成功因素的探討。未出版之碩士論文，國立臺灣大學醫療機構管理研究所，臺北市。
陳建州（2017）。台灣醫藥分業20年。
曾馨誼、許瑞瑱、施坤河（2018）。國內保健營養食品產值暨產業概況分析（經濟部工業局譯）。
黃建璋（2014）。加盟藥妝連鎖體系關鍵成功因素之探討。未出版之碩士論文，國立高雄應用科技大學高階經營管理研究所碩士在職專班，高雄市。
黃茂景（2007）。連鎖藥妝業經營關鍵成功因素之研究。未出版之碩士論文，國立中山大學, 高雄市。
黃毓瑩（2016）。全球及主要醫藥流通市場概況簡報。
黃營杉（1996）。企業政策。臺北市：國立空中大學。
楊坤煌（2006）。記憶體模組產業經營關鍵成功因素之研究－以創見資訊為例。未出版之碩士論文，龍華科技大學商學與管理研究所碩士班，桃園縣。
楊嘉仁（2018）。影響創業成功因素之研究。未出版之碩士論文，國立高雄應用科技大學人力資源發展系碩士班，高雄市。
潘淑滿（2003）。質性研究：理論與應用。臺北市：心理出版社。
鄧振源、曾國雄（1989）。層級分析法 (AHP) 的內涵特性與應用（上）。中國統計學報。
盧淑惠（2003）。台灣連鎖藥局成長策略與關鍵成功因素之關聯性研究。未出版之碩士論文，中原大學企業管理研究所，桃園縣。
謝勝宇（2014）。藥妝藥局行銷策略之研究--以啄木鳥藥局為例。未出版之碩士論文，美和科技大學企業管理系經營管理碩士班，屏東縣。
藥事法第19條（1982）（行政院衛生福利部）。臺北市：衛生福利部。
藥事法第102條（2006）（行政院衛生福利部）。臺北市：衛生福利部。
藥品、醫療及化妝品零售業銷售穩健（2019）。經濟部統計處產業簡訊，臺北市。
蘇宜茲（2010）。微型創業之成功關鍵因素。未出版之碩士論文，國立中正大學企業管理所，嘉義縣。




 
二、英文參考文獻
Aaker, D. A. (1989). Managing assets and skills: The key to a sustainable competitive advantage. California management review, 31(2), 91-106.
Aaker, D. A., & Mascarenhas, B. (1984). The need for strategic flexibility. The Journal of Business Strategy, 5(2), 74.
Al-Tit, A., Omri, A., & Euchi, J. (2019). Critical success factors of small and medium-sized enterprises in Saudi Arabia: Insights from sustainability perspective. Administrative Sciences, 9(2), 32.
Belhadi, A., Touriki, F. E., & Elfezazi, S. (2019). Evaluation of critical success factors (CSFs) to lean implementation in SMEs using AHP. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma.
Bossert, J. L. (1991). Quality function deployment: a practitioner's approach: ASQC Quality Press.
Browne, S. (2011). The United Nations Development Programme and System (Vol. 57): Routledge.
Brush, C. G., Greene, P. G., & Hart, M. M. (2001). From initial idea to unique advantage: The entrepreneurial challenge of constructing a resource base. Academy of Management Perspectives, 15(1), 64-78.
Bullen, C. V., & Rockart, J. F. (1981). A primer on critical success factors.
Chen, M.-K., & Wang, S.-C. (2010). The critical factors of success for information service industry in developing international market: Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach. Expert Systems with Applications, 37(1), 694-704.
Chong, W. Y. (2012). Critical success factors for small and medium enterprises: Perceptions of entrepreneurs in urban Malaysia. Journal of Business and Policy Research, 7(4), 204-215.
Daniel, D. R. (1961). Management Information Crisis. Harvard Business Review, Vol.39, 111-121.
Dollinger, S. J. (2003). Need for uniqueness, need for cognition, and creativity. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 37(2), 99-116.
Dong, Q., & Saaty, T. L. (2014). An analytic hierarchy process model of group consensus. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 23(3), 362-374.
Drucker, P. F. (1973). Managing the public service institution. The public interest, 33, 43.
Dudin, M., Kucuri, G., Fedorova, I., Dzusova, S., & Namitulina, A. (2015). The innovative business model canvas in the system of effective budgeting. Asian Social Science, 11(7), 290-296.
Ferguson, C. R., & Dickinson, R. (1982). Critical success factors for directors in the eighties. Business Horizons, 25(3), 14-18.
Fritscher, B., & Pigneur, Y. (2014). Visualizing business model evolution with the business model canvas: Concept and tool. Paper presented at the 2014 IEEE 16th Conference on Business Informatics.
Hill, K. Q., & Fowles, J. (1975). The methodological worth of the Delphi forecasting technique. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 7(2), 179-192.
Hofer, C. W., & Schendel, D. (1978). Strategy Formulation : Analytical Concept. NY: West Publishing.
Hudson, M., Steele, R., Baron, M., & Group, C. S. R. (2007). Update on indices of disease activity in systemic sclerosis. Paper presented at the Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism.
Jones, A. P., & James, L. R. (1979). Psychological climate: Dimensions and relationships of individual and aggregated work environment perceptions. Organizational behavior and human performance, 23(2), 201-250.
Kalakota, R., Robinson, M., & Tapscott, D. (2001). E-business 2.0: Roadmap for Success (Vol. 11): Addison-Wesley Boston.
Kim, B., Kim, H., & Jeon, Y. (2018). Critical success factors of a design startup business. Sustainability, 10(9), 2981.
Lampadarios, E., Kyriakidou, N., & Smith, G. (2017). Towards a new framework for SMEs success: a literature review. International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 18(2), 194-232.
León, M. C., Nieto-Hipólito, J. I., Garibaldi-Beltrán, J., Amaya-Parra, G., Luque-Morales, P., Magaña-Espinoza, P., & Aguilar-Velazco, J. (2016). Designing a model of a digital ecosystem for healthcare and wellness using the business model canvas. Journal of medical systems, 40(6), 144.
Leidecker, J. K., & Bruno, A. V. (1984). Identifying and using critical success factors. Long range planning, 17(1), 23-32.
Low, M. B., & MacMillan, I. C. (1988). Entrepreneurship: Past research and future challenges. Journal of management, 14(2), 139-161.
Mitchell, H. H. (1911). Determination of the ordinary and modular ternary linear groups. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 12(2), 207-242.
Muhtaroğlu, F. C. P., Demir, S., Obalı, M., & Girgin, C. (2013). Business model canvas perspective on big data applications. Paper presented at the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Big Data.
Murry Jr, J. W., & Hammons, J. O. (1995). Delphi: A versatile methodology for conducting qualitative research. The review of higher education, 18(4), 423-436.
Ng, H. S., & Kee, D. M. H. (2012). The issues and development of critical success factors for the SME success in a developing country. International Business Management, 6(6), 680-691.
Nikolić, N., Dhamo, Z., Schulte, P., & Mihajlović, I. (2015). An analysis of factors affecting failure of SMEs. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the International May Conference on Strategic Management (Bor, Serbia.
Osterwalder, A., & Pigneur, Y. (2010). Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers: John Wiley & Sons.
Rauch, A., & Frese, M. (2000). Psychological approaches to entrepreneurial success: A general model and an overview of findings. International review of industrial and organizational psychology, 15, 101-142.
Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2017). Management: Pearsonc. (Reprinted from: Global Edition (14/E)).
Rockart, J. F. (1979). Chief executives define their own data needs. Harvard Business Review, 57(2), 81-93.
Rytkönen, E., & Nenonen, S. (2014). The Business Model Canvas in university campus management. Intelligent Buildings International, 6(3), 138-154.
Saaty, T. L. (1990). Decision making for leaders: the analytic hierarchy process for decisions in a complex world: RWS publications.
Salamzadeh, A., & Kawamorita Kesim, H. (2015). Startup companies: Life cycle and challenges. Paper presented at the 4th International conference on employment, education and entrepreneurship (EEE), Belgrade, Serbia.
Segal, G., Borgia, D., & Schoenfeld, J. (2005). The motivation to become an entrepreneur. International journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & research.
Shuttleworth, M. (2008). Validity and reliability. Retrieved May, 15, 2013.
Stewart, T. R. (1987). The Delphi technique and judgmental forecasting Forecasting in the social and natural sciences (pp. 97-113): Springer.
Timmons, J. A., Spinelli, S., & Tan, Y. (2004). New venture creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st century (Vol. 6): McGraw-Hill/Irwin New York.
Toro-Jarrín, M. A., Ponce-Jaramillo, I. E., & Güemes-Castorena, D. (2016). Methodology for the of building process integration of Business Model Canvas and Technological Roadmap. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 110, 213-225.
Umar, A., Sasongko, A. H., & Aguzman, G. (2018). Business model canvas as a solution for competing strategy of small business in Indonesia. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 22(1), 1-9.
Urban, M., Klemm, M., Ploetner, K. O., & Hornung, M. (2018). Airline categorisation by applying the business model canvas and clustering algorithms. Journal of Air Transport Management, 71, 175-192.
Van Der Pijl, P., Lokitz, J., & Solomon, L. K. (2016). Design a better business: New tools, skills, and mindset for strategy and innovation: John Wiley & Sons.
Vyas, V., Raitani, S., Roy, A., & Jain, P. (2015). Analysing critical success factors in small and medium enterprises banking. World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 11(1), 106-123.
Wallin, J., Chirumalla, K., & Thompson, A. (2013). Developing PSS concepts from traditional product sales situation: the use of business model canvas Product-service integration for sustainable solutions (pp. 263-274): Springer.
WHO Definition of Health. (2003).
Wind, Y., & Saaty, T. L. (1980). Marketing applications of the analytic hierarchy process. Management science, 26(7), 641-658.
Winter, G. (2000). A comparative discussion of the notion of validity in qualitative and quantitative research. The qualitative report, 4(3), 1-14.
Wong, K. Y. (2005). Critical success factors for implementing knowledge management in small and medium enterprises. Industrial management & Data systems.
Zani, W. M. (1970). Real-time information systems: A comparative economic analysis. Management science, 16(6), B-350-B-355.
Zolnowski, A., Weiß, C., & Böhmann, T. (2014). Representing Service Business Models with the Service Business Model Canvas--The Case of a Mobile Payment Service in the Retail Industry. Paper presented at the 2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.