臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在橋梁健康監測研究之發展，近幾年已經逐漸由傳統的直接量測法轉變為間接量測法，其中車輛掃描法即是間接量測法中很大宗的研究主題。雖然過去文獻中有許多車輛模型之提出，但為了要更加貼近真實車輛之情況以符合工程實務之應用，本研究提出一個新的車輛模型，即具車輪尺寸之三質量車輛模型，特別是在路面粗糙度存在時，車輪尺寸之影響更顯著，故須考慮車輪實際接觸點之位置。在所提出之車橋互制系統中，假設車輪都是剛性質量，且前後車輪之尺寸與質量皆相同。由於車輛在路面上之不同位置經歷由粗糙度造成之不同程度起伏，車輪實際接觸點與兩個車輪之抬升高度均為未知，因此，本研究同時提出計算上述未知參數之演算法。在數值分析部分，探討以下參數：車輪尺寸對於車橋反應之影響、車輪實際路徑、車輛阻尼以及俯仰效應對頻率識別之影響。數值結果顯示採用較大的車輪會產生較小的橋梁與車輛垂直反應，符合現實生活中採用較大之車輪尺寸可提升乘車舒適度。此外，與傳統不具車輪尺寸之三質量模型相比，所提出之模型具有更高之橋頻識別精度，即使在最顛頗的路面粗糙度下，第一橋頻與第三橋頻均能被清楚識別。

In the structural health monitoring, the research direction has been changed from the direct measurement to indirect method in recent years. The vehicle scanning method is one of popular indirect methods. Although there were lots of vehicle models proposed in the past, to mimic the vehicle for practical applications, this study proposes a new vehicle model, i.e. wheel size incorporated three-mass vehicle model. In the presence of pavement roughness, the effect of wheel size becomes pronounced, and the real contact points of wheels need to be considered. In the proposed VBI system, the wheels are assumed to be rigid and have the same dimension. As the vehicle undergoes up-and-down movement during the passage on the bridge, the real contact points of wheels and lifts of wheels are unknown. Thus, this study provides an algorithm to determine these unknown parameters in the simulation. In the numerical analysis, the following parameters are investigated: the influence of wheel size on the dynamic responses of the system, the moving paths of wheels, vehicle damping and pitching effect on the identification of frequencies. For wheels of larger size, the numerical results show that the dynamic responses of bridge and vehicle are reduced while better ride comfort is provided. In comparison with the traditional three-mass vehicle model, the proposed vehicle model has higher resolution in the frequency identification. The first and third bridge frequencies can be clearly identified even in the severest condition of pavement roughness.

目錄
摘要................................................................ i
Abstract.............................................................ii
目錄............................................................... iv
圖目錄..............................................................v
表目錄.............................................................vii
第一章 序論.........................................................1
1.1 研究動機與目的 ..............................................1
1.2 文獻回顧 ....................................................1
1.3 論文架構 ....................................................4
第二章 車橋互制系統模型理論.........................................5
2.1 VBI 系統的動力方程式.........................................6
2.2 求解 VBI 系統方程式..........................................10
2.3 決定與偏心距相關參數之演算法................................16
第三章 例題研究與參數探討..........................................18
3.1 數值模型驗證 ...............................................18
3.2 與傳統三質量車輛模型比較 ...................................21
3.3 輪子尺寸之影響 .............................................24
3.4 頻率識別 ...................................................29
3.5 車輛阻尼之影響 .............................................36
第四章 結論與未來展望..............................................44
4.1 結論 .......................................................44
4.2 未來展望 ...................................................45
參考文獻...........................................................47

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