臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今各個產業正面臨勞動人口老化與基本薪資調漲的衝擊，技術與經驗傳承及將出現了斷層，許多企業積極加快提升自動化程度的腳步，卻又受到龐大的投資成本有所卻步，本研究以塑膠射出工廠為例，生活周邊有許多產品是透過塑膠射出成型機加工而成，而塑膠射出成型機本身存在著許多缺陷，其中毛邊問題為業界所需，現今公司去除毛邊為人力作業，但面臨著老師傅即將退休與人力成本增加問題，不得不發展為工業自動化。本研究運用六軸機械手臂與市售主控式接觸力量控制法蘭(ACF)建構一套自動化機械手臂研磨工作站，主要運用於去除毛邊製程，測試結果得到很好的表面粗糙度，且相當穩定，但ACF過於昂貴，故自行製作低成本研磨力道調整裝置取代昂貴的ACF。此加工站透過模組化設計使能運用於各家廠牌的機械手臂或設備，減少設備因規格不符而受限的情形發生，並使用可程式邏輯控制器搭配市售壓力比例閥與氣壓缸組成製低成本研磨力道調整裝置，藉由控制氣壓缸內氣壓達到調整研磨加工正向壓力之功能，本研究收集研磨加工參數數據，且上傳於資料庫與匯出成csv檔進行收集，並使用田口方法進行分析，經由此方法得到重要因子與最佳化的參數組合，後將得到得結果套用於自製設備，成功的將毛邊去除，並獲得最佳表面粗糙度。

Today, various industries are facing the impact of an aging workforce and a rising basic wage, and there will be a fault line in the inheritance of technology and experience. Many companies are actively accelerating the pace of increasing automation, however, it is subject to huge investment costs. In this study, we take plastic injection factory as an example, there are many products around life that are processed by plastic injection molding machines. But the plastic injection molding machine itself has many defects. Among them, the problem of burr is required by the industry. The company remove the burrs for human work. However, it is facing the problem of teachers who are about to retire and increase labor costs, they had to develop into industrial automation. In this study will be used a six-axis robotic arm, active contact flange(ACF) to build a set of automated robotic arm grinding workstation, mainly used in the process of removing burrs of plastic models. The test results get a good surface roughness, and it is quite stable. ACF is too expensive, as a result, in this study will make low-cost grinding force adjustment device to replace the expensive ACF. This processing station can be applied to various brands of robotic arms or equipment through a modular design, in order to reduce the situation that the equipment is limited due to non-conforming specifications. And use a programmable logic controller with a commercially available pressure proportional valve and a pneumatic cylinder to make a low-cost grinding force adjustment device, by controlling the air pressure in the air cylinder, the function of adjusting the positive pressure of the grinding process can be achieved. In this study, the grinding parameter data were collected, uploaded to the database and exported to a csv file for collection. And use the Taguchi method to analyze, through this method, the important factors and the optimized parameter combination are obtained, and the obtained results are then applied to the self-made equipment. the burrs are successfully removed, and get the best surface roughness.

摘要...i
Abstract...ii
誌謝...iv
目錄...v
表目錄...vii
圖目錄...viii
第一章 緒論...1
1.1 研究背景...1
1.2 文獻探討...2
1.3 論文架構...4
第二章 塑膠研磨與實驗設計...5
2.1 塑膠射出成形的缺陷(成品毛邊)...5
2.2 磨削原理...6
2.3 砂紙...7
2.3.1 砂紙的製程...7
2.3.2 砂紙標示...8
2.3.3 研磨基材...8
2.3.4 研磨砂材...9
2.4 表面粗糙度...10
2.4.1 表面粗糙度表示方法...10
2.5 經驗收集...11
2.5.1 手動海綿砂紙研磨...12
2.5.2 電動研磨筆海綿砂紙研磨...12
2.5.3 氣動打蠟機海綿砂紙研磨...13
2.5.4 半自動高速圓盤海綿砂紙研磨...13
2.5.5 半自動道研磨機海綿砂紙研磨...14
2.6 實驗方法...16
2.6.1 田口方法...16
2.6.2 直交表...16
2.6.3 品質損失函數...17
2.6.4 SN比...18
第三章 自動化機械手臂研磨加工站...19
3.1 自動化機械手臂研磨工作站系統架構...20
3.2 自動化機械手臂研磨工作站動作流程...21
3.3 硬體規劃設計...22
3.3.1 機械手臂模組...23
3.3.2 進出料座模組...24
3.3.3 研磨加工站模組...24
3.4 自製低成本研磨力道調整裝置...26
3.4.1 硬體設計...26
3.4.2 系統架構...27
3.5 設備介紹 ...28
3.5.1 六軸機械手臂...28
3.5.2 ACF主動式接觸力量控制法蘭...29
3.5.3 壓力比例閥...29
3.5.4 平面氣動研磨機...30
3.5.5 表面粗糙度測量儀...31
3.6 使用者介面...32
3.6.1 控制介面...32
3.6.2 加工數據顯示與收集介面...33
3.7 模組通訊...34
3.7.1 Modbus TCP...34
3.8 數據收集與上傳...34
第四章 實驗結果與分析...35
4.1 自動化機械手臂研磨加工站硬體實現...35
4.2 使用者操控介面...36
4.3 工作站實際動作...37
4.4 數據收集...38
4.5 實驗設計...39
4.7 製程最佳化...43
4.8 確認實驗...44
第五章 結論暨未來展望...45
5.1 結論...45
5.2 未來展望...45
參考文獻...46
Extended Abstract...48

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