臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在柏拉圖(Plato)的對話錄中，《伊安(Ion)》與《理想國(Republic)》中對畫家的討論是否是矛盾的？當我們比較《伊安》與《理想國》中的畫家，會發現柏拉圖在這兩篇對話錄中對於畫家的態度呈顯得不一致，前者顯得正面、後者則顯得負面。但是本論文認為這並非是不一致的，卻表達了柏拉圖在這兩篇對話錄中不同脈絡下的思考。在《伊安》中，柏拉圖是以靈感和技藝的區分提出了詩人的缺點；到了《理想國》，柏拉圖則是在討論理想城邦中，詩人與畫家應該要處於何種地位。而在這情形之下，我認為柏拉圖在《理想國》中，透過對模仿的探討，區分了不好的與好的詩人與畫家。柏拉圖關心的是這不好的與好的區分，而不是詩人與畫家的區別。本論文將從這點來看《伊安》與《理想國》裡有關詩人與畫家的討論，並進一步釐清柏拉圖對藝術的看法。

Are the painters discussed in the Ion and Republic contradictory with each other in Plato's dialogues? When we compare the painter in the Ion and that in the Republic, we will find that Plato's attitude towards painters in these two dialogues seems inconsistent. It is positive in the Ion, while it is negative in the Republic. However, this thesis argues that this is not inconsistent, but expresses Plato's thoughts in different contexts in these two dialogues: in the Ion, Plato raised the issue of poet's epistemic shortcomings by drawing the distinction between techne and inspiration; in the Republic, Plato was discussing the position of the poet and painter in the ideal city. And in this case, I declare Plato distinguishes between bad and good poets and painters through his discussion of imitation. Plato was concerned with the distinction between bad and good, not the distinction between poets and painters. This dissertation will look at the discussion of poets and painters in Ion and Republic from this point of view, and further clarify Plato's views on art.

第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究主題 1
第二節　柏拉圖對話錄的選用說明 4
第二章　《伊安》 7
第一節　「靈感」與「技藝」的概念釐清 7
第二節　「靈感」為什麼不好？ 25
第三節　「靈感」與「技藝」差異之下的詩與畫 40
第三章　《理想國》 57
第一節　「模仿」的概念釐清 57
第二節　「模仿」為甚麼不好？ 73
第三節　從「模仿」看詩與畫 87
第四章　結論 103
參考書目 109

一、原典文本
Aristotle (1995). Aristotle: Poetics (Loeb Classical Library). In Halliwell, Stephen (Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Aristophanes (1998). Aristophanes: Clouds. Wasps. Peace. (Loeb Classical Library). In Henderson, Jeffrey (Ed. & Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Aristophanes (1946). Aristophanes: Thesmophoriazusae. Ecclesiazusae. Plutus. (Loeb Classical Library). In Rogers, Benjamin Bickley (Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Hesiod (2006). Theogony works and days Testimonia (Loeb Classical Library). In Most Glenn W. (Ed. & Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Homer (1919). Odyssey (Loeb Classical Library). In Murray, A.T. (Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Homer (1924). Iliad (Loeb Classical Library). In Murray, A.T. (Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Plato (1903). Platonis Opera Tomvs III (Oxford Classical Texts). In Burnet, Ioannes (Ed.). Oxford: Oxford Classical Press.
Plato (1925). Plato: Lysis. Symposium. Gorgias. (Loeb Classical Library). In Lamb, W. R. M. (Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Plato (1997). Plato Complete Works. In Cooper, John M. and Hutchinson, D. S. (Eds.). Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company.
Plato (2003). Platonis Rempvblicam (Oxford Classical Texts). In Slings, S. R. (Ed.). Oxford: Oxford Classical Press.
Plato (2012). The Republic. In Griffith Tom (Trans.), Ferrari, G.R.F. (Ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Plato (2013). Plato: Republic, Volume I: Books 1-5 (Loeb Classical Library). In Emlyn-Jones, Chris and Preddy, William (Eds. & Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Plato (2013). Plato: Republic, Volume II: Books 6-10 (Loeb Classical Library). In Emlyn-Jones, Chris and Preddy, William (Eds. & Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Pliny the Elder (2006). Natural History IX (Loeb Classical Library). In Rackham, H. (Trans.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

二、期刊論文
Belfiore, Elizabeth (1984). A Theory of Imitation in Plato’s Republic. Transactions of the American Philological Association, 114: 121-146.
Capra, Andrea (2017). Seeing through Plato’s looking Glass. Mythos and Mimesis from Republic to Poetics. Aisthesis, 10: 75-86.
Danto, Arthur C. (1985). The Philosophical Disenfranchisement of Art. Grand Street, 4, 3: 171-189.
Dorter, Kenneth (1973). The Ion: Plato’s Characterization of Art. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 32, 1: 65-78.
Else, Gerald F. (1958). “Imitation” in the Fifth Century. Classical Philology, 53, 2: 73-90.
Grethlein, Jonas (2020). Plato in Therapy: A Cognitivist Reassessment of the Republic’s Idea of Mimesis. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 78, 2: 157-169.
Kristeller, Paul Oskar (1951). The Modern System of the Arts: A Study in the History of Aesthetics Part I. Journal of the History of Ideas, 12, 4: 496-527.
Kristeller, Paul Oskar (1952). The Modern System of the Arts: A Study in the History of Aesthetics (II). Journal of the History of Ideas, 13, 1: 17-46.
Oakley, John H. (2009). Greek Vase Painting. American Journal of Archaeology, 113, 4: 599-627.
Pappas, Nickolas (1989). Plato's Ion: The Problem of the Author. Philosophy, 64, 249: 381-389.
Rumpf, Andreas (1947). Classical and Post-Classical Greek Painting. The Journal of Hellenic Studies, 67, 10-21.
Nehamas, Alexander (1988). Plato and the Mass Media. The Monist, 71, 2: 214-234.
Stern-Gillet, Suzanne (2004). On (Mis)interpreting Plato's Ion. Phronesis, 49, 2: 169-201.
Goodrich, R. A. (1982). Plato on Poetry and Painting. The British Journal of Aesthetics, 22, 2: 126-137.

三、專書論文
Demand, Nancy (1975). Plato and the Painters. In Robinson, T. M. (Ed.), Phoenix. (pp. 1-20). Toronto: University of Toronto Press
Ferrari, G. R. F. (1990). Plato and Poetry. In Kennedy, George A. (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism: volume 1, Classical Criticism (pp. 92-148). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kraut, Richard (1992). Introduction to the Study of Plato. In Kraut, Richard (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Plato (pp. 1-50). Illinois: Northwestern University Press.
Moss, Jessica (2007). What Is Imitative Poetry and Why Is It Bad? In Ferrari, G. R. F. (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Plato's Republic (pp. 415-444). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

四、專書
尤瑞匹底斯(2016)。《尤瑞匹底斯全集I》。呂健忠(譯註)。台北：書林出版社。
埃斯庫羅斯(2011)。《奧瑞絲泰亞(Ὀρέστεια, Oresteia)》。呂健忠(譯註)。台北：秀威資訊。
埃斯庫羅斯(2014)。《阿格曼儂》。胡耀恆、胡宗文(譯註)。台北：聯經出版社。
索福克里斯(2009)。《索福克里斯全集I：伊底帕斯三部曲》。呂健忠(譯註)。台北：書林出版社。
索福克里斯(2011)。《索福克里斯全集II：特洛伊四部曲》。呂健忠(譯註)。台北：書林出版社。
恩斯特‧貢布里希(E. H. Gombrich) (1999)。《藝術的故事(The Story of Art)》。范景中(譯)、孟暉(編)。北京：三聯書店。
荷馬(2018)。《荷馬史詩：奧德賽》。呂健忠(譯註) 台北：書林出版社。
修‧歐納與約翰‧佛萊明(Hugh Honour and John Fleming) (2001)。《世界藝術史(A World History of Art)》。吳介禎等(譯)、莊育旺等(編)。新北：木馬文化。
萊絲莉‧阿德金斯與羅伊‧阿德金斯(Adkins, Lesley and Adkins, Roy A.) (2017)。《古代希臘社會生活(Handbook to Life in Ancient Greece)》。張強(譯)。北京：商務印書館。
賴麗娟(2002)。《台灣野果觀賞情報》。徐光明（攝影）。台中：晨星出版社
Adkins, Lesley and Adkins, Roy A. Handbook to Life in Ancient Greece. New York: Facts on File.
Annas, Julia (1981). An Introduction to Plato’s Republic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Danto, Arthur C. (2004). After the End of Art: Contemporary Art and the Pale of History. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Dawkins, Richard (2006). The Selfish Gene. New York: Oxford University press.
Halliwell, Stephen (2002). The Aesthetics of Mimesis. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Honour, Hugh and Fleming, John (2002). A World History of Art. London: Laurence King Publishing
Jebb, Richard C. (1905). Bacchylides: The Poems and Fragments. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Keuls, Eva C. (1997). Painter and Poet in Ancient Greece: Iconography and the Literary Arts. Stuttgart; Leipzig: B. G. Teubner Verlag.
Liddell, Henry George and Scott, Robert (1996). A Greek-English Lexicon. New York: Oxford University press.
Shelley, Percy Bysshe and Shelley, Mary (1931). Essays, Letters from Abroad, Translations and Fragments. London: Edward Moxon.
Smith, William (1849). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology Vol. I-III. London: Spottiswoode.
VandenBos, Gary R. (2015), APA Dictionary of Psychology: Second Edition. Washington: American Psychological Association.

五、博士論文
何畫瑰（2003）。《走出演說術的迷陣》。台北：臺灣大學哲學研究所博士論文。

六、網址
Brickhouse, Tomas and Smith Nicholas D. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ISSN 2161-0002, https://iep.utm.edu/plato/, 2020/12/29.