臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出兩顆降壓式轉換器，皆使用台灣積體電路公司 0.18μm 1P6M製程進行設計與實現。
第一顆晶片為使用暫態加速電路之適應性二階三角積分調變降壓轉換器，採用電流模式控制。轉換器利用超取樣與雜訊移頻技術來降低輸出訊號的電磁干擾，並加入暫態加速電路以改善調變器的暫態響應。晶片總面積為1.422mm2(1.195mm×1.19 mm)。輸入電壓範圍為3 V-3.6 V，輸出電壓電壓範圍為1 V-2.5 V，負載電流範圍為50–500毫安培，負載電流由50毫安培切換為500毫安培與500毫安培切換為50毫安培的暫態響應為分別為2.5 μs與3 μs，在負載電流300mA時，有最高效率為92.31%。
第二顆晶片為使用新型電感直流電阻電流感測技術之固定導通時間控制降壓轉換器，採用漣波模式控制，使用電晶體取代感測電阻，使面積縮小，並額外加入一條輸出電壓回授路徑來補償電流斜率提升穩定度與縮短暫態響應的時間。晶片總面積為1.312mm2(1.193mm×1.1 mm)。輸入電壓範圍為3–3.6 V，輸出電壓範圍為0.5 V–2.5 V，負負載電流範圍為50–500毫安培，負載電流由100毫安培切換為500毫安培與500毫安培切換為100毫安培的暫態響應為分別為4.2 μs與2.5 μs，最高效率為91.5%。

This thesis proposes two buck converters, both were designed and implemented with TSMC 0.18μm 1P6M process.
The first chip proposes an adaptive 2nd-order delta-sigma-modulation buck converter with transient accelerated circuits, which adopts current-mode control. The converter uses oversampling and noise frequency shifting technology to reduce the EMI of the output signal, and adds transient acceleration circuits to improve the transient response of the modulator. The total chip area is 1.195×1.19 mm2. The input voltage range is 3.3 V - 3.6 V, the output voltage voltage range is 1 V-2.5 V, the load current range is 50mA - 500 mA, the load current is switched from 50 mA to 500 mA and 500 mA to 50 mA are 2.5 μs and 3 μs. When the load current is 300mA, it has a maximum efficiency of 92.31%.
The second chip proposes a constant on-time controlled buck converter using new type DCR current-sensing technique. It adopts ripple-based-mode control and uses a transistor to replace the sensing resistor, reduces the area, and adds an additional output voltage feedback path to compensate current slope to improve stability and shorten transient response time. The total chip area is 1.19×1.1 mm2. The input voltage range is 3 V - 3.6 V, the output voltage range is 0.5 V–2.5 V, the load current range is 50mA - 500 mA, the load current is switched from 100 mA to 500 mA and 500 mA to 100 mA are 4.2 μs and 2.5 μs. When the load current is 300mA, it has a maximum efficiency of 91.5%.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xii
第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 相關研究之發展近況 1
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章 切換式轉換器之原理介紹與分析 5
2.1 降壓式轉換器架構介紹 6
2.1.1 連續導通模式 7
2.1.2 非連續導通模式 11
2.1.3 邊界導通模式 13
2.2 切換式轉換器之控制方式與調變技術 16
2.2.1 電壓模式 16
2.2.2 電流模式 17
2.2.3 漣波模式 19
2.3 切換式轉換器之規格與定義 21
2.3.1 暫態響應 21
2.3.2 輸出漣波電壓 22
2.3.3 線性調節率 22
2.3.4 負載調節率 23
2.3.5 轉換效率 23
第三章 使用暫態加速電路之適應性二階三角積分調變降壓轉換器 25
3.1 類比數位訊號轉換概論 25
3.2 三角積分調變原理與分析 26
3.2.1 取樣定理 28
3.2.2 量化誤差 30
3.2.3 雜訊移頻 33
3.3 架構簡介 38
3.3.1 暫態加速電路 39
3.3.2 適應性二階三角積分調變器 42
3.3.3 Type III補償器 45
3.3.4 非重疊電路 47
3.3.5 驅動電路 47
3.4 電路模擬 48
3.5 電路佈局與量測結果 51
3.5.1 晶片佈局 51
3.5.2 晶片腳位與定義 52
3.5.3 量測環境 54
3.5.4 量測結果 55
3.5.5 規格表與相關文獻比較 61
第四章 使用新型電感直流電阻電流感測技術之固定導通時間控制降壓轉換器 63
4.1 架構簡介 63
4.1.1 新型電感直流電阻電流感測器 64
4.1.2 電流加法電路 65
4.1.3 導通時間調變 66
4.1.4 遲滯比較器 67
4.2 電路模擬 69
4.3 電路佈局與量測結果 73
4.3.1 晶片佈局 73
4.3.2 晶片腳位與定義 74
4.3.3 量測環境 76
4.3.4 量測結果 77
4.3.5 規格表與相關文獻比較 82
第五章 結論與未來展望 84
5.1 結論 84
5.2 未來展望 85
參考文獻 86

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