臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目前使用導尿管的患者，導尿管都是連接著尿袋，通常都綁在大小腿上，但對於還需要正常工作的病患，尿袋則是一個不方便的攜帶品，且對於多數需要外出的病患來說是更沒有自信的，尿袋是為了接取膀胱的尿液，由此讓膀胱壓力減少和減少尿液堆積。對於膀胱來說，20 ~ 30 cm-H2O的壓力是想如廁之壓力，若再更大(高於40cm-H2O)則會開始傷害膀胱。本研究針對導尿管外部設計配件，期望藉由此裝置，可讓病患得知膀胱壓力過大，藉由自行如廁的方式取代尿袋，以達到可排尿又不需要攜帶尿袋的目的，此外，本研究以較低的成本製作出導尿管配件，使病患可以不需負擔高額的費用，達到提示如廁之功能。此裝置配件由連接導尿管之水管、兩個透明管、兩個三向閥及單向閥和氣球組成，並再與導尿管的排尿處黏上三向閥的注射配件接合而成，此裝置藉由導尿管當作媒介，直接測量人體膀胱壓力，當壓力高於單向閥的時候會導通，此時單向閥導通後的會將水流入氣球內，藉由氣球的膨脹，此時氣球會因為充滿水而鼓起來，表示膀胱壓力過大，達到提醒病患如廁之效果。本研究藉由壓克力所製作的模擬膀胱腔體進行壓力測量，腔體共有三個孔，其上有裝置一電子壓力感測器，兩旁各有空壓機注入孔和導尿管放置孔。導尿管有兩條管路，並使用直通膀胱的管路做測量。經實驗結果顯示，所設計之單向閥可以有效的當作提示之配件，並可針對不同壓力做客製化設計。實測中係以60 cm-H2O導通的單向閥作為標準，藉由改變單向閥和膀胱水位的高度差，從模擬膀胱腔體的水位當作起始點，由起始點垂直提高 30 cm到垂直減少 30 cm之間做測量，在以60 cm-H2O導通的單向閥下，可完成當模擬腔體個別達到20 cm-H2O、30 cm-H2O和 40 cm-H2O時，在體外的氣球皆可以膨脹，則藉由膨脹的方式，來達到提醒的目的，由此證實此導尿管裝置可以藉由單向閥和氣球達到提醒如廁之效果。

At present, patients who is urinary catheters are connected to urine bags, usually tried on their legs. However, for patients who still need to go to work, the urine bag is an inconvenient item, and for most patients who need to go out, the urine bag makes them less confident. The urine bag is designed to receive urine from the bladder that reducing pressure on the bladder and reducing the accumulation of urine. For the bladder, the pressure of 30 ~ 40 cm-H2O is the pressure that makes patients wanted to go to the toilet, and if it is higher than 40 cm-H2O, it will start to hurt the bladder.
In this study, we designed an accessory for the external part of the catheter in order to let the patient know that the bladder pressure is too high and replace the urine bag by going to the toilet on their own, so as to achieve the purpose that don’t have to carry urine bag and go to the toilet on their own. This study also hopes to make a catheter accessory at a lower cost, so that each patient can live their life as usual without having to bear the high cost. The fitting is composed of a water tube connected to the catheter, two transparent tubes, two three-way valves, one-way valves and balloons and then an injection fitting with a three-way valve glued to the urinary drainage hole of the catheter. We use the catheter as a medium to directly measure the pressure of the human bladder, and when the pressure is higher than the one-way valve, it will conduct. At the time, the balloon will swell because it is filled with water, indicating that the pressure on the bladder is too high, which can remind the patient to go to the toilet. In this study, a simulated bladder cavity made of acrylic was used to measure the pressure. There are three holes in the cavity, an electronic pressure sensor is installed on it, and there are air compressor injection holes and catheter placement holes on both sides. The catheter has two lines and uses the line that goes straight to the bladder for measurements. The experimental results showed that the designed one-way valve can be effectively used as a prompting accessory and can be custom designed for different pressure. In the experiments, a 60 cm-H2O-conducting one-way valve was used as the standard. By changing the height difference between the one-way valve and the bladder level, the water level in the simulated bladder cavity was used as the starting point, and the measurement was made from the starting point by raising 30 cm vertically to decreasing 30 cm vertically. The balloon outside the body can be inflated when the cavity reaches 20 cm-H2O, 30 cm-H2O and 40 cm-H2O, and the purpose of reminding can be achieved by the way of expansion.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究背景 2
1.3研究動機與目的 3
1.4論文架構 4
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1設計啟發 5
2.2Foley 導尿管 13
2.3單向閥 15
2.4伯努力方程式 18
第三章 實驗規劃與設計 19
3.1實驗架構 18
3.2實驗器材 21
3.2.1導尿管 21
3.2.2壓力感測器 21
3.2.3膀胱模擬腔體 23
3.2.4三向閥與配件 27
3.3實驗流程 29
第四章 實驗結果與討論 36
4.1單向閥導通壓力值 36
4.2具備提示如廁功能之配件的使用方式 37
4.3使用水球進行測試 40
第五章 結論與未來展望 43
5.1 結論 43
5.1 未來展望 43
參考文獻 44
附錄 46

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