臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著科技的進步和3C世代的潮流發展，手機成為了忙碌生活中不可或缺的一部分，長期近距離用眼容易導致眼屈光異常之眼軸變化與眼生理參數的改變。
本研究方法是採橫斷式研究(cross sectional study)，招募 50 名20~25歲成年人受試者來執行研究，並將受試者分成輕度近視、中度近視與高度近視等三組。設定近距離作業距離，在 40 公分處使用智慧型手機，調節力需求為 2.5D 狀態下，在閱讀前、閱讀 30 分鐘後和休息 10 分鐘後，採用最新蔡司 IOL Master 700 型儀器分別測量眼軸長度並測量受測者的眼生理參數。
經由描述性統計分析與單因子變異數分析結果顯示：
1.在低度、中度、高度近視程度分組情況下，眼前房深度無論是閱讀前、閱讀30分後和休息10分鐘皆有明顯關聯；角膜曲率平均值則明顯無關聯。
2.低度近視組之眼壓、眼前房深度、晶體厚度在閱讀30分後和休息10分鐘皆有明顯關聯。
3.中度近視組之眼前房深度在閱讀30分後有明顯關聯。
4.高度近視組之眼壓、眼前房深度、角膜曲率半徑於閱讀前、閱讀30分後有明顯關聯。
由以上結果可知，因長時間近距離作業使眼生理參數發生改變，近視發展過程中眼前房深度發生改變，與部分眼部健康及視力改善的重要眼生物參數有相關性，因此對於眼屈光異常、治療及屈光矯正上，工作距離與眼生理參數之間的相互關係存在著重要的方向。

關鍵字：眼軸長、近距離作業、眼屈光異常

As a results of trends in development and advancements in electronics technology, mobile phones have become indispensable parts of people’s busy lives. Prolonged near work can easily cause individual eyes to inducing axial length, refractive abnormalities and changes in physiological parameters.
This cross sectional study conducted, 50 participtes, aged from 20 to-25yrs old were recruited and divide into three groups: mild myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia. The near work distance was set at 40 cm and the accommodation requirement was set at 2.50D. The newest model of the Zeiss IOL Master 700 was used to measure axial length and optical and physiological parameters before reading, after reading for 30 minutes, and after resting for 10 minutes.
The results of descriptive statistics and ANOVA showed that:
1. In the low myopia, moderate myopia and high myopia group, a significant correlation was observed depth of the anterior chamber before reading, after reading for 30 minutes, and after resting for 10 minutes; the mean corneal curvature radius showed no significant correlation.
2. In the low myopia group, the intraocular pressure, axial length, anterior chamber depth, and lens thickness all presented significant correlations after reading for 30 minutes and resting for 10 minutes.
3. In the moderate myopia group, the depth of the anterior chamber showed a significant correlation after reading for 30 minutes.
4. In the high myopia group, the intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth, and corneal curvature radius showed significant correlations before reading and after reading for 30 minutes.
Based on these results, it is evident that long-term near work activities will cause changes in ocular physiological parameters and changes in the depth of the anterior chamber during the development of myopia. Such activities should be correlated with important ocular physiological parameters and vision improvement issues. A working distance and ocular physiological parameters play an important role and regarding to development of refractive error, myopia treatments, and correction of refractive error.

Keywords: axial length, near work, ametropia

誌謝 II
摘要 III
Abstract IV
目錄 VI
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XI
專有名詞中英文對照表 XII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3名詞解釋 2
1.4研究流程 4
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1長時間近距離作業與眼屈光之關聯 5
2.1.1眼調節力之面向 5
2.1.2 眼屈光異常面向 6
2.1.3. 近視相關文獻探討 6
2.2 長時間近距離作業與眼軸長之關聯 8
2.2.1 眼壓面向 8
2.2.2 眼軸長度之變化 9
2.2.3眼健康之影響 10
第三章 研究設計與實施 11
3.1研究架構表 11
3.2研究對象及資料來源 12
3.2.1 倫理審查 12
3.2.2 研究對象 12
3.2.3 研究對象篩選標準 12
3.3 研究工具 13
3.3.1 基本個人資料檢測紀錄表 13
3.3.2 研究設備 14
3.4數據蒐集研究地點及時間 16
3.5 研究操作流程 16
3.6 研究統計方法 18
3.6.1 各參數之描述性統計分析 18
第四章 資料分析結果與討論 19
4.1各參數之描述性統計分析 19
4.1.1基本資料數目分布 19
4.1.2不同組別的眼生物參數數值 34
4.2各參數之變異數分析 35
4.2.1屈光異常近視組之眼生理參數的變異數分析 35
4.3研究討論 41
4.3.1探討屈光異常者之眼生理參數關聯性 41
第五章 結論與建議 42
5.1結論 42
5.2 研究限制 42
5.3 研究建議 43
參考文獻 44
附錄一 50

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