臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，由於自駕車的興起，越來越多人使用5G通訊技術來應用在車載網路上，相較於過去常用的專用短程通信(DSRC)，它的低頻寬限制已經無法滿足網路中大量封包的需求，其中毫米波就是其中一種5G技術的應用，它是一種高頻率的無線電波，可以在短距離內快速的傳輸大量的數據，這種波段在車載網路和車輛的廣播等領域獲得了越來越廣泛的應用。然而毫米波存在著空氣中高衰弱和低繞射的問題，加上毫米波是定向傳輸，可能會有因對準不夠準確而傳輸失敗等問題，在本篇論文當中，我們提出了雙根的毫米波數據廣播分發，並結合了車對基礎設施(V2I)以及車對車(V2V)通訊，V2I的部分為基站先透過選根的演算法，在車輛拓樸當中選擇適合的兩個車輛做為根車輛，接著在V2V的部分則是藉由根車輛，傳輸封包給其他子車輛，透過雙根同時傳輸，可以大幅減少傳輸跳數及增加封包傳輸率，我們考慮車輛GPS定位誤差並提出了有效解決的方案來恢復因為通訊阻隔的毫米波傳輸。結果表明，我們的方案和其他不同的方法中相比，在各項效能指標上有大幅度的效能增加。

In recent years, the growing popularity of self-driving cars has led to an increased adoption of 5G communication technology in vehicular networks. In comparison to the previously widely used Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC), which is no longer able to meet the requirements for handling a large number of packets in the network, 5G technology offers greater potential. One of the applications of 5G technology is mmWave, which operates at high frequencies and enables fast transmission of large amounts of data over short distances. The mmWave technology has found increasing use in vehicular networks and in vehicle broadcasting applications [39][40]. However, mmWave faces challenges such as high attenuation and low diffraction. Additionally, mmWave operates using directional transmission, which can result in transmission failures due to misalignment issues. In this paper, we propose a dual-root mmWave data broadcasting method that combines both Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications. In the V2I portion, a root selection algorithm is employed at the base station to select two suitable vehicles as root vehicles within the vehicle topology. In the V2V portion, using the chosen root vehicles to transmit packets to other vehicles. By utilizing dual-root transmission, this method significantly reduces the number of the hop count and increases the packet dissemination rate. We also address the issue of vehicle GPS positioning errors and present an effective solution to recover mmWave transmission in the presence of communication obstacles. The results demonstrate considerable performance improvements across various performance metrics when compared to other approaches.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
Contents iii
List of Figures v
List of Tables vi
1. Introduction 1
2. Related work 4
2.1 Beam alignment 4
2.2 V2V transmission 4
2.3 Unicast and Multicasts 5
2.4 Broadcasting method 6
3. System model 7
3.1 V2I and V2V broadcasting network architecture 7
3.2 Antenna Models 9
3.3 Beam Alignment 10
3.4 LOS Link Identification 11
3.5 Channel Model 12
3.6 Transmission Rate 12
4. Problem Formulation 14
5. Proposed Scheme 17
5.1 Build routing table 17
5.2 Two roots - minimum hops 19
5.3 Two roots - vehicle with most children 20
5.4 Two roots - intersection 21
5.5 Sweep and recovery 24
6. Simulation Results 30
6.1 Simulation setup 30
6.2 Compared Schemes 33
6.3 Experiment Results 34
7. Conclusion 42
Reference 44

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