臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以香港為例，藉由通過緊湊規劃之都市環境，探討採用緊湊規劃的都市是否具備包容力以應對社會及環境之變遷。緊湊都市與包容性規劃均為世界各地所聚焦之理論與規劃手法且被落實於都市環境之中，且為邁向永續發展重要因素。自2015年永續發展目標提出建構包容性都市環境之重要性，現有研究多集中於社會弱勢群體之政策協助或是經濟健康包容增長來形塑具有包容性的都市環境，對於環境面之研究仍多採用個案、單點式的方式評估環境包容性，同時東亞地區特殊的地理與人口結構環境，世界所採用的指標評估系統能否應用於此仍須進一步實證。香港作為世界知名採用緊湊都市規劃手法的都市，自身面對高齡人口、老舊建築與貧窮人口不斷增加狀況，快速變化的都市化環境使香港極需做出改變以應對未來環境及社會需求。但香港都市環境是否具備足夠包容力應對未來環境變化仍須進一步討論。
故本研究將香港按照區議會選區分為452個單元，透過指標系統的建立，回顧3個領域共16項指標，透過客觀數據，展現香港各個地區包容性之狀況。當前研究表明，香港目前的規劃方式對於創造包容都市的塑造有著十分重要的影響力，傳統的都市範圍產生較差的包容表現，而後期規劃產生的地區則表現符合預期表現之成果。同時透過合空間公平性評估方法(ISEE)檢視地區休憩用地的供給狀況，同時結合包容性結果進行比對，亦發現地區若經過政府的干預，不論是直接或是間接干預，地區設施供給將有明顯的差異。政府政策干預的地區在供給上有較良好的表現，情況在舊市區中尤為明顯。而設施供給受到地區自然地理因素、居民社會經濟條件和空間所限制。綜合而言，地區早期規劃願景和定位的差異，導致不同地區在包容性和ISEE的結果上有著截然不同的差異。同時地區環境以及經濟特性較為直接影響地區包容程度。當前研究提供緊湊規劃對包容環境的建置具有較正面影響，但背後政府對於地區的政策願景目標或是資源挹注為影響地區最重要的因素。

This study examines whether a compact city can cope with social and environmental changes through inclusive planning in a compact urban environment, with Hong Kong as a case study. Compact cities and inclusive planning are both theories and planning techniques in the spotlight worldwide and are implemented in urban environments as important factors towards sustainable development. Hong Kong, as a world-renowned city with a compact urban planning approach, is faced with an increasing number of elderly people, old buildings and poor people, and the fast-changing urbanization environment makes it imperative for Hong Kong to make changes to cope with future environmental and social needs. However, whether Hong Kong's urban environment has sufficient capacity to cope with future environmental changes requires further discussion.
This study is establishing an indicator system to show the inclusiveness of Hong Kong's various districts through objective data. The result shows that the current planning approach in Hong Kong has had a significant impact on shaping an inclusive city, with traditional urban areas producing less inclusive performance, while areas created by later planning have shown results in line with the expected performance. The Integrated Spatial Equity Evaluation (ISEE) methodology was used to examine the provision of open space in the districts, and the inclusiveness results were compared. It was found that the provision of facilities in the communities with government intervention, either directly or indirectly, differed significantly. Districts with government policy interventions perform better in provision, especially in the old urban areas. On the other hand, the provision of facilities is constrained by the districts' physical and geographical factors, the residents' socio-economic conditions, and space constraints. Current research suggests that compact planning positively impacts the creation of inclusive environments but that the government's policy vision for the area and the allocation of resources are the most critical factors affecting the area.

第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究背景與動機 1
第二節　研究目的 2
第三節　研究架構 2
第二章　文獻回顧 4
第一節　緊湊都市 4
第二節　剝奪與包容性都市 13
第三節　開放空間的重要性 24
第四節　總結 29
第三章　研究設計 30
第一節　研究架構 30
第二節　研究範圍 31
第三節　研究方法及資料建構 32
第四章　研究成果 42
第一節　香港整體包容性成果 42
第二節　開放空間公平性評估結果 55
第三節　密度與設施供給、包容性表現 68
第四節　綜合討論 80
第五章　結論與建議 82
第一節　研究結論 82
第二節　研究限制 85
第三節　研究建議 85
參考文獻 87
附錄 97
壹、香港包容性得分彙整表 97
貳、屯門區ISEE計算彙整表 126
參、深水埗區ISEE計算彙整表 141

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