臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

透過C-V2X技術的應用，本論文提出了兩種基於MEC的資料流量卸載方法，分別為「基於效益的k跳C-V2V輔助多資料流量卸載路徑（UK-MDTOP）」和「基於C-V2V的k跳多路由路徑探索的多通信配對車輛資料流量卸載（MRPE-MDTO）」。這兩種方法都使用了C-V2V和C-V2I通信技術。當多輛車輛需要將數據傳輸給相應的車輛時，這些方法嘗試為每對通信車輛找到合適的k跳C-V2V路徑，以實現從使用C-V2I通信到使用C-V2V通信的數據流量卸載。在這項工作中，MEC架構/範式被用來進行集中式計算，以檢查是否存在用於配對通信車輛資料流量卸載的k跳V2V路徑。使用所提出的方法，每輛車輛需要向MEC服務器報告其上下文，包括位置、速度、行駛方向、側鏈的通道繁忙比（CBR）等。通過車輛報告的上下文，本文提出了一個在MEC服務器中執行的效用函數，用於評估每個組成連結和每個k跳C-V2V路徑的完整路徑的質量。這兩種提出的方法在路徑探索方法上有所不同。使用UK-MDTOP方法，MEC服務器分別為每對通信車輛探索適合的k跳C-V2V路徑，即MEC服務器獨立地為每對通信車輛探索適合的k跳C-V2V路徑。使用MRPE-MDTO方法，MEC服務器同時為所有配對通信車輛探索適合的k跳C-V2V路徑。在探索過程中，MEC服務器使用所提出的效用函數作為選擇適合的資料流量卸載連結和路徑的依據。模擬結果顯示，這兩種提出的資料流量卸載方法在吞吐量方面優於通過大型/小型基地台的C-V2I通信，而且通常具有更好的吞吐量、更高的卸載比例、較低的平均數據丟失率和較低的平均傳輸時間，相比其他k跳限制的C-V2V資料流量卸載方法。

Through the use of the C-V2X technology, (1) the MEC-based, for which MEC denotes Multi-access Edge Computing, data traffic offloading method called “Utility-based k-hop C-V2V-Assisted Multi-Data-Traffic Offloading Paths (UK-MDTOP)” and (2) the other MEC-based data traffic offloading method called “C-V2V-based k-hop Multi-Routing Paths’ Exploration for Multiple Communicating Paired Vehicles’ Data Traffic Offloading (MRPE-MDTO)” that use C-V2V and C-V2I communication technologies are proposed in this thesis. When multiple vehicles need to transmit data to the corresponding vehicles, the proposed methods try to find suitable k-hop C-V2V paths for each paired communicating vehicles such that these paired vehicles can achieve offloading data traffic from using the C-V2I communication, which are through macro/small BSs/cells, to using the C-V2V communication, which are through k-hop-limited C-V2V paths. In this work, the MEC architecture/paradigm is used to have the centralized computing mechanism for checking whether the k-hop V2V paths for paired communicating vehicles’ data traffic offloading exist or not. Using the proposed methods, each vehicle needs to report its context, including position, speed, driving direction, sidelinks’ Channel Busy Ratios (CBRs), etc., to the MEC server. Through the use of the contexts reported by vehicles, this paper proposes a utility function that is executed in the MEC server to evaluate the quality of (i) each composed link and (ii) the complete path of each k-hop C-V2V path. The two proposed methods differ in their path’s exploring approaches. Using the UK-MDTOP method, the MEC server explores suitable k-hop C-V2V paths for each paired communicating vehicles individually. That is, the MEC server explores suitable k-hop C-V2V paths for each paired communicating vehicles independently. Using the MRPE-MDTO method, the MEC server simultaneously explores suitable k-hop C-V2V paths for all paired communicating vehicles. During the exploring procedure, the MEC server uses the proposed utility function as a basis for selecting the suitable data traffic offloading link and path. The simulation results show that the two proposed data traffic offloading methods have (i) the better throughput than using the C-V2I communication that are through macro/small BSs/cells and (ii) generally speaking, the better throughput, the higher offloading fraction, the lower average data loss rate and the lower average transmission time than the other k-hop-limited C-V2V data traffic offloading methods.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
Contents iii
致謝 iv
List of Figures v
List of Tables vi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Related works 5
Chapter 3 The Functional Scenario 12
Chapter 4 Evaluation of the Utilities 15
Chapter 5 The proposed MEC-based UK-MDTOP Method 20
Chapter 6 The Proposed MEC-based MRPE-MDTO Method 41
Chapter 7 Performance Evaluation 54
Chapter 8 Conclusion 71
Bibliography 72

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