臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的以多屬性決策方法(Multiple Attribute Decision-Making, MADM)建構專利從業人員職能模式。先前職能相關研究顯示，專利從業人員具有跨產業及領域的職能需求，研究以多屬性決策方法建構四類型主要專利從業人員的重要核心及驅動職能模式，探討專利工程師、台灣智慧財產管理制度自評員/台灣智慧財產專利能力認證人員、專利師及專利律師在職能上差異。本研究MADM的方法主要以專家意見模糊德爾菲法(Fuzzy Delphi Method, FDM)結合決策實驗室分析法 (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL) 的二階段專家決策方法，並進一步分析上述四組專利從業人員職能指標的影響網絡關係圖(Influential Network Relationship Map, INRM)。本研究主要貢獻在職能模式中，提出16項支柱構面及21因素準則，並瞭解四類型專利從業人員核心職能的差異。
本研究方法從文獻探討69個準則中篩選出48個準則。第一階段FDM，20名專家以重要性問卷中萃取職能4項支柱構面及11個因素準則 (Cronbach’s α = 0.841)；接著第二階段DEMATEL以影響性問卷比較四類型專利從業人員之間4項支柱構面及11個因素準則，並以呈現四類人員的職能於中心性及因果性的影響差異。研究結果發現，專利從業人員共同具有4項支柱構面及11個因素準則，其中專利工程師及專利師二類從業人員的呈現第一象限核心職能因素(中心性及因果性皆高)，以及台灣智財專利項認證人員及專利律師二類從業人員呈現第二象限驅動職能因素有明顯不同(中心性低及因果性高)。未來研究可以進一步結合DEMATEL與ANP (DANP)方法，建構及比較不同職能模式。

This study aims to establish the competency model of professionals in the patent industry by Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM). Previous competency-related studies have shown that patent professionals must develop a competency model based on the needs of different industries. The competency model has four types of patent professionals, including patent engineer-(PE), both Taiwan intellectual property management system of evaluator-TIPS and Taiwan intellectual property personnel of certification -TIPA as (TI), patent attorney-(PA), and patent lawyer-(PL). As for methodology, MADM, combined two expert’s decision-making methods: Both the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and decision-making laboratory analysis method (DEMATEL) are used to analyze the Influential Network Relationship Map (INRM) of the above four patent professional’s competency similarity and differences. Accordingly, this study's main contribution is establishing sixteen pillar dimensions and twenty-one-factor criteria.
The MADM study began with the researcher selected 48 criteria from 69 criteria by reviewing the literature. During Phase I, 20 experts used the importance questionnaire to extract four pillar dimensions and 11 critical factor criteria by FDM (Cronbach’s α = 0.841); and Phase II, DEMATEL was employed to compare 4 pillar dimensions and 11 factor criteria. Finally, the researcher used INRM to present the difference among four types of patent professionals based on the centrality (D+R) and causality (D-R) values. Accordingly, this study found that the PE and PA presented the core factor area with high centrality and causality in the first quadrant; and TI and PL presented the second quadrant with low centrality and high causality. The suggestions can be very efficient and compared in the DEMATEL+ANP (DANP) in the future model.

Table of Contents
摘要 I
Abstract III
Acknowledgements V
Table of Contents VI
List of Tables IX
List of Figures XI
List of Used Abbreviations XII
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background and motivation 1
1.2 Research purposes 5
1.3 Research questions 6
1.4 Process flow of research 6
1.5 Limitations of the study 8
1.6 Glossary 8
Chapter 2 Literature review 11
2.1 Developing patent professionals in the industry 12
2.1.1 The development of the patent Industry 12
2.1.2 Patent professionals in the patent industry 12
2.2 Competency of patent professionals 15
2.2.1 The definition of competency 15
2.2.2 The model of competency 17
2.2.3 General competency 18
2.2.4 Core competency 18
2.2.5 Managerial competency 18
2.2.6 Functional competency 19
2.3 Dimensions of professional competency in the patent industry 19
2.3.1 General competency 19
2.3.2 Core competency 24
2.3.3 Managerial competency 34
2.3.4 Functional competency 38
2.4 The MADM of the competency model 40
Chapter 3 Methodology 59
3.1 Research flow 59
3.1.1 The method of MADM 59
3.1.2 Competency model of FDM and DEMATEL 62
3.2 Participants of MADM 62
3.3 Research instrument 63
3.3.1 The research instrument of different Level steps 63
3.3.2 Reliability and validity of the research instrument 64
3.3.3 The application of DEMATEL 65
3.3.4 Four types of professionals in the patent industry 73
Chapter 4 Results and discussions 75
4.1 FDM results and discussions 75
4.1.1 PE 77
4.1.2 TI 79
4.1.3 PA 82
4.1.4 PL 84
4.1.5 Final criteria by FDM 87
4.2 DEMATEL results and discussions 93
4.2.1 DEMATEL 93
4.2.2 PE 94
4.2.3 TI 97
4.2.4 PA 99
4.2.5 PL 102
Chapter 5 Conclusion and suggestions 105
5.1 Conclusion 105
5.2 Suggestions 112
5.2.1 The integration of DANP 112
5.2.2 Other implications of professionals of the MADM model 113
References 115
Appendix A Experts who participated in this study 131
Appendix B Phase I questionnaire by FDM 132
Appendix C Phase II questionnaire by DEMATEL 141
Appendix D Phase I questionnaire of results 145
Appendix E Phase II questionnaire of results 148
Appendix F Types of research 152
Appendix G Code name 153
Appendix H Pillar dimensions of PE INRM 159
Appendix I Pillar dimensions of TI INRM 164
Appendix J Pillar dimensions of PA INRM 169
Appendix K Pillar dimensions of PL INRM 174

List of Tables
Table 2-1 Content of general competency 23
Table 2-2 Content of core competency 29
Table 2-3 Content of strategies for patent search 33
Table 2-4 Content of managerial competency 36
Table 2-5 Content of functional competency 39
Table 2-6 Level 2 Dimension and Level 3 Criteria of 69 competency indicators 42
Table 2-7 The MADM 4 dimensions and 48 criteria of competency model 53
Table 3-1 Cronbach's α of reliability 65
Table 3-2 Comparison scale of the DEMATEL method of step 1 66
Table 3-3 Generation the direct-relation matrixes M and N of step 1-2 67
Table 3-4 Calculate the total influence matrix T of step 3 67
Table 3-5 Derive each column sum (cj) and row sum (ri) from matrix T of step 4 69
Table 3-6 Derive matrix based on the C2PE1 and C48PE11 factor criteria and the P_1^PE pillar dimensions of step 5. 70
Table 4-1 Demographic characteristics of patent experts. 76
Table 4-2 The criteria of PE competency selection by using FDM 78
Table 4-3 The criteria of TI competency selection by using FDM 80
Table 4-4 The criteria of PA competency selection by using FDM 83
Table 4-5 The criteria of PL competency selection by using FDM 85
Table 4-6 Twenty-one criteria for patent professionals by the FDM 87
Table 4-7 FDM Results 88
Table 4-8 Pillar dimensions and factor criteria of PE 90
Table 4-9 Pillar dimensions and factor criteria of TI 91
Table 4-10 Pillar dimensions and Factor criteria of PA 91
Table 4-11 Pillar dimensions and factor criteria of PL 92
Table 4-12 The PE influential relation of pillar dimensions 95
Table 4-13 The PE results of factor criteria by DEMATEL 96
Table 4-14 The TI influential relation of pillar dimensions 98
Table 4-15 The TI results of factor criteria by DEMATEL 98
Table 4-16 The PA influential relation of pillar dimensions 100
Table 4-17 The PA results of factor criteria by DEMATEL 101
Table 4-18 The PL influential relation of pillar dimensions 103
Table 4-19 The PL results of factor criteria by DEMATEL 103

List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Process flow of research 7
Figure 3-1 MADM flow 60
Figure 3-2 Flow of research 61
Figure 3-3 Levels of research instruments 63
Figure 3-4 DEMATEL of steps 1~6 65
Figure 3-5 Pillar dimensions INRM of PE 71
Figure 3-6 P_1^PE Factor criteria of PE 72
Figure 3-7 Centrality (D+R) and causality (D-R) of P_1^PE INRM 72
Figure 4-1 INRM within PE in the competency model 95
Figure 4-2 INRM within TI in the competency model 97
Figure 4-3 INRM within PA in the competency model 100
Figure 4-4 INRM within PL in the competency model 102

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