臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

顆粒材料廣泛存在於自然界中，也應用在許多產業界中，如製藥業、食品工業、粉末冶金工業甚至醫學界等等，顆粒的混合與分離行為也是工業界中常見且重要的物理現象。本論文將使用類二維旋轉鼓作為實驗設備，探討旋轉鼓內不同轉速與不同形狀非球形顆粒的分離機制與動態特性之影響。實驗中所使用之非球形顆粒為3D列印印出體積均和5mm球體相等。第一組實驗使用4種相同體積、不同寬度和高度之圓柱體顆粒分別與白色6毫米球形POM混合，第二組實驗使用立方體、橢圓體、圓柱體顆粒、5毫米POM分別與6毫米球形POM顆粒混合。實驗過程中使用高速攝影機進行拍攝顆粒運動情形，最後透過粒子追蹤法與影像處理分析來測量白色球形顆粒的平均速度、粒子溫度、最終分離強度與動態安息角。實驗結果表明，改變顆粒的形狀會影響其分離強度大小，形狀效應抑制了滲透效應的產生使分離強度降低，觀察到越偏離球形的顆粒混合物有較低的分離強度，動態安息角隨著顆粒球形度降低而增加，較大的安息角也使平均速度和平均粒子溫度提高，而旋轉鼓轉速的提高也會使顆粒平均速度、平均粒子溫度、動態安息角增加。本研究結果證實改變非球形顆粒形狀對於因尺寸效應所導致的分離機制有重要的影響。
關鍵字:形狀效應、非球形顆粒、動態安息角、旋轉鼓

Granular materials widely exist in nature and are also used in many industries, such as pharmaceutical industry, food industry, powder metallurgy industry and even medical industry. The mixing and segregation behavior of particles is also a common and important physical phenomenon in the industry. This paper will use a quasi-2D rotating drum as an experimental device to investigate the effects of different rotation speeds and different shapes of non-spherical particles on the segregation phenomenon and dynamic characteristics of the rotating drum. The volume of the non-spherical particles used in the experiment is equal to that of a 5mm sphere by 3D printing. The first experiments used 4 types of cylindrical particles of the same volume, different widths and heights, and the second group of experiments used cube, ellipsoid, cylindrical particles and 5 mm POM mixed with 6 mm spherical POM particles . During the experiment, a high-speed camera was used to take pictures of the particle movement. Finally, the average velocity, particle temperature, final intensity of segregation and dynamic angle of repose of the white spherical particles were measured through particle tracking and image processing analysis. The experimental results show that changing the particle shape will affect its segregation. The shape effect inhibits the osmosis effect and reduces the segregation. It is observed that the particle mixture that deviates from the spherical shape has a lower segregation. The larger angle of repose will also increase the average velocity and average particle temperature, and the increase in the rotating drum speed will also increase the average particle velocity, average particle temperature, and dynamic repose angle. The results of this study demonstrate that changing the shape of non-spherical particles has an important impact on the segregation phenomenon due to size effects.
Keyword: Shape-induced、Non -spherical particles、Dynamic angle of repose、Rotating Drum.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
符號說明 ix
一、緒論 1
1.1顆粒材料 1
1.2顆粒流 1
1.3旋轉鼓介紹 2
1.4 旋轉鼓中顆粒的流態行為 3
1.5顆粒材料之動態特性和分離現象 4
1.6安息角(Angle of repose) 8
1.7非球形顆粒形狀效應對分離機制與動態特性之影響 9
1.8研究動機 12
1.9論文架構 12
二、實驗設備與方法 13
2.1 實驗設備 13
2.2實驗方法 15
2.3實驗誤差 17
三、實驗參數與原理 18
3.1實驗參數原理 18
3.2影像分析原理 19
3.3二值化處理 20
3.4粒子追蹤技術 20
3.5顆粒動態特性 21
3.6實驗參數 23
四、結果與討論 24
4.1不同非球形顆粒形狀效應與轉速對分離強度之影響 24
4.2不同非球形顆粒形狀效應與轉速對安息角之影響 26
4.3不同非球形顆粒形狀效應與轉速顆粒動態特性之影響 27
五、結論 29
六、參考文獻 30
附表 35
附圖 37
個人簡歷 83

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