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研究生:黃立綱
研究生(外文):HUANG, LI-KANG
論文名稱:聚丙烯回收料搭配金屬片嵌入射出成形的成品品質分析
論文名稱(外文):Study on metal sheet Insert injection molding of recycled polypropylene material and Quality Analysis of products
指導教授:張致遠張致遠引用關係
指導教授(外文):CHANG, CHIH-YUAN
口試委員:吳政憲張致遠陳惠俐
口試委員(外文):WU, CHENG-HSIENCHANG, CHIH-YUANCHEN, HUI-LI
口試日期:2023-07-24
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立高雄科技大學
系所名稱:模具工程系
學門:工程學門
學類:機械工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2023
畢業學年度:111
語文別:中文
論文頁數:127
中文關鍵詞:聚丙烯塑膠回收料金屬片嵌入射出成形田口實驗方法
外文關鍵詞:Recycled polypropylene plasticMetal sheetsInsert Injection MoldingTaguchi method
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  塑膠製品廣泛使用於各類產品,其中搭配金屬嵌入射出成形(Metal Insert Molding)技術所製成的產品或零配件具有強化塑膠件結構強度、節省產品組裝程序、提供特殊機構功能及精簡化產品設計等功用,亦可提升產品結構在設計上與構裝上的靈活度,目前這些金屬嵌件射出產品的應用範圍已逐漸擴展至電器訊號連接元件、消費性電子產品、汽機車零件、精密器材、醫療器械等領域。

  近年來隨著環保意識與塑料再生應用的發展趨勢,塑膠回收料的使用已經越來越普遍,回收塑料也逐漸從低階的塑膠生活用品製造拓展至中高階的工業產品的應用,其中也包括了各種金屬嵌件的射出產品。有鑑於此,本研究針對聚丙烯polypropylene塑料(以下簡稱PP)進行回收與金屬嵌入射出成形實驗,探討不同回收次數之PP回收料對於金屬片嵌入射出成形之影響與其成品的翹曲品質分析,並藉由田口氏實驗方法來優化製程參數與成品品質。

  實驗結果顯示,PP回收料可成功與厚度0.1mm、0.25mm及0.5mm的金屬薄片進行嵌入射出成形,而且最終成品無分離的現象,但是成品有明顯的翹曲變形,在第一次回收料的翹曲變形程度會升高,再隨著回收次數增加而遞降。

  經過田口氏實驗方法的優化後,金屬嵌件成品的最佳參數組合是A2-B1-C2-D2-E2-F2-G2,最小翹曲量為第三次回收料分別搭配厚度0.1mm、0.25mm及0.5mm的金屬薄片進行嵌入射出成形的3.79mm、3.04mm及0.86mm,影響聚丙烯(PP)全新料與回收料翹曲變形較為顯著的3個控制因子是E2(冷卻時間)、B1(模具溫度)及A2(熔膠溫度),其中又以E2(冷卻時間)為最主要影響的製程參數,而第4影響的製程參數在回收料則由F2(保壓壓力)取代全新料的C2(V/P切換位置)。

  第三次回收料可得到最小翹曲量,但由於PP塑料經反覆回收3次,長分子鏈被破斷成大量短分子鏈,成品在應用上能否承受機械性質有關的結構強度、性能要求須審慎評估考慮,同時在外觀品質方面,隨著回收次數越多,透明度越低,色澤亦隨之更加泛黃,顯示回收料在射出成形時需要進行著色或塗裝以改善產品的外觀,提升產品的質感。

Plastic products are used in all kinds of products , including metal insert molding technology to make products or spare parts produced have the structural strength of reinforced plastic parts and save product assembly Constructs, provision of special mechanism functions and streamlining product design, and can also improve the flexibility of product structure in design and assembly, these metal inserts currently shoot out of the product has gradually expanded to electrical signal connection components , consumer electronics, automobiles and motorcycles, precision equipment, and medical devices Machinery and other fields.

In recent years, with the development trend of environmental awareness and plastic recycling applications, the use of plastic recyclables has become more and more common, recycled plastics have gradually expanded from low-end plastic daily necessities manufacturing to the application of high-end industrial products, including various metal insert injection products. In view of this, this study carried out recycling and metal embedding injection molding experiments for polypropylene (PP) plastics, the influence of PP recycled material with different recovery times on the embedded injection molding of metal sheet and the warpage quality of its finished product were analyzed, and the process parameters and finished product quality were optimized by Taguchi's experimental method.

The experimental results show that the PP recycled material can be successfully embedded with metal sheets with a thickness of 0.1mm, 0.25mm and 0.5mm, and there is no separation phenomenon in the final product, but the finished product has obvious warpage deformation, and the warpage deformation degree of the first recycled material will increase, and then decrease with the increase of the number of recycling.

After the optimization of Taguchi's experimental method, the best parameter combination of the finished metal insert product is A2-B1-C2-D2-E2-F2-G2, and the minimum warpage is 3.79mm, 3.04mm and 0.86mm embedded injection molding with metal sheets with a thickness of 0.1mm, 0.25mm and 0.5mm, respectively. There are three significant control factors that affect the warpage deformation of new polypropylene (PP) material and recycled material are E2 (cooling time), B1 (mold temperature) and A2 (melt temperature), among which E2 (cooling time) is the most important process parameter affecting, while fourth affected process parameter is replaced by C2 (V/P switching position) in virgin material by F2 (holding pressure) in recycled material.

The minimum warpage can be obtained from the third recycling, but because the PP plastic is recycled three times, the long molecular chains are broken into a large number of short molecular chains, Whether the finished product can withstand the structural strength and performance requirements related to mechanical properties in the application must be carefully evaluated and considered. At the same time, in terms of appearance quality, with the more times recycled, the lower the transparency, And the color will also become more yellow, It shows that the recycled material needs to be colored or painted during injection molding to improve the appearance and texture of the product.

摘要...................................................................i
ABSTRACT.............................................................iii
誌謝...................................................................v
目錄..................................................................vi
表目錄................................................................ix
圖目錄................................................................xi
一、緒論...............................................................1
 1.1 前言.............................................................1
 1.2 塑膠射出成形製程..................................................2
 1.3 嵌入射出成形技術..................................................5
 1.4 永續發展‧循環減塑..................................................6
 1.5 研究動機與目的...................................................11
 1.6 論文架構.........................................................12
二、文獻探討...........................................................13
 2.1 減塑政策與回收技術................................................13
  2.1.1 全球減塑政策及相應措施........................................13
  2.1.2 塑膠回收技術與方式............................................16
 2.2 相關文獻回顧.....................................................19
 2.3 文獻總結.........................................................24
三、研究設計與方法......................................................25
 3.1 實驗流程.........................................................25
 3.2 實驗規劃.........................................................28
  3.2.1 實驗成品料件設計..............................................28
  3.2.2 聚丙烯回收料製備步驟..........................................31
  3.2.3 金屬片嵌入件之製備步驟........................................34
  3.2.4 聚丙烯嵌入金屬片之射出成形步驟.................................37
  3.2.5 實驗料搭配金屬片嵌入成形之實驗步驟.............................42
 3.3 田口實驗方法.....................................................44
  3.3.1 決定品質特性指標及理想機能.....................................45
  3.3.2 選定實驗因子及水準數..........................................45
  3.3.3 直交表.......................................................47
  3.3.4 信號/雜訊比..................................................50
 3.4 實驗材料........................................................50
  3.4.1 PP(Polypropylene)聚丙烯....................................50
  3.4.2 SUS304不鏽鋼金屬片...........................................54
 3.5 實驗設備.........................................................56
  3.5.1 實驗模具.....................................................56
  3.5.2 射出成形機...................................................58
  3.5.3 模溫機.......................................................60
  3.5.4 塑膠材料回收粉碎機............................................61
  3.5.5 雙螺桿押出機及切粒機..........................................63
  3.5.6 沖床.........................................................65
  3.5.7 超音波清洗機及清洗劑..........................................66
  3.5.8 電子秤.......................................................69
  3.5.9 指針量表與花崗岩比測台........................................70
四、結果與討論.........................................................71
 4.1 聚丙烯嵌入金屬片射出成形翹曲表現...................................71
 4.2 聚丙烯嵌入金屬片射出成形之成形視窗.................................73
 4.3 成品澆口固化時間..................................................79
 4.4 全新料與回收料嵌入金屬片之成品品質分析..............................80
  4.4.1 全新料與回收料外觀品質分析.....................................82
  4.4.2 全新料與回收料嵌入金屬片翹曲程度分析............................82
 4.5 田口實驗方法結果分析..............................................87
  4.5.1 全新料搭配金屬片嵌入射出成形之翹曲程度數值S/N比..................87
  4.5.2 全新料搭配金屬片嵌入射出成形之因子反應表與因子反應圖.............88
  4.5.3 回收料搭配金屬片嵌入射出成形之翹曲程度數值S/N比..................91
  4.5.4 回收料搭配金屬片嵌入射出成形之因子反應表與因子反應圖.............92
  4.5.5 製程參數優化確認實驗..........................................94
 4.6 全新料與回收料嵌入金屬片優化射出成形之成品品質分析...................98
  4.6.1 不同回收次數聚丙烯塑料翹曲優化程度.............................98
  4.6.2 全新料與回收料嵌入金屬片翹曲程度優化比較........................99
五、結論..............................................................102
 5.1 結論............................................................102
 5.2 未來展望........................................................104
參考文獻..............................................................105
作者簡歷..............................................................109
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