|
參考文獻及書目 一 中文文獻 (一)中文專書 小冰,陽光失了玻璃窗,初版,時報文化,2017年。 尹田,民法典總則之理論與立法研究,初版,法律出版社,2010年。 王萬森,人工智慧,初版,人民郵電出版社,2011年。 王澤鑑,民法總則,初版(重排),北京大學出版社,2022年。 王澤鑑,民法物權,2版,北京大學出版社,2010年。 王澤鑑,侵權行為,3版,北京大學出版社,2016年。 史忠植,人工智慧,初版,機械工業出版社,2016年。 冉昊、姚中秋譯,霍姆斯(Oliver Wenclelkl Holmes)著,普通法(The Common Law),初版,中國政法大學出版社,2006年。 江裕真譯,松尾豐著,了解人工智慧的第一本書,初版,經濟新潮社出版,2016年。 李宜琛,日耳曼法概說,初版,中國政法大學出版社,2003年。 沈景一譯,梅茵(Henry Sumner Maine)著,古代法(Ancient law),初版,商務印書館,1959年。 邵建東譯,迪特爾·梅迪庫斯(Dieter Medicus)著,德國民法總論,初版,法律出版社,2000年。 吳漢東,知識產權基礎問題研究,初版,中國人民大學出版社,2019年。 吳漢東,著作權合理使用制度研究,4版,中國人民大學出版社,2021年。 林洲富,著作權法:案例式,4版,五南,2017年。 高淩瀚譯,Claude Colombet Grands著,世界各國著作權和鄰接權的基本原則(principes du droit d'auteur et des droits voisins dans le monde),初版,上海外國語教育出版社,1995年。 唐暉、錢孟珊譯,四宮和夫著,日本民法總則,初版,五南,1995年。 喬路、白雪著,人工智慧的法律未來,初版,知識產權出版社,2018年。 陳吉棟等譯,Ryan Calo, A·Micheal Froomkin & Ian Kerr著,Robot Law,人工智慧與法律的對話,2版,上海人民出版社,2019年。 陳愛娥譯,Karl Larenz著,法學方法論(Methodenlehre der Rechtswissenschaft),初版,五南,2010年。 陳鋕雄等,人工智慧與相關法律議題,初版,元照,2019年。 張國淸、朱進東譯,查爾斯·泰勒(Charles Taylor)著,黑格爾(Hegel),初版,譯林出版社,2002年。 隋彭生,用益債權原論:民法新角度之法律關係新思維,初版,中國政法大學出版社,2015年。 董紅斌、董興業等譯,David L. Poole, Alan K.Mackworth著,人工智慧:計算agent基礎(Artificial Intelligence Foundations of Computational Agents),機械工業出版社,2015年,初版,頁2。 葉李華譯,Isaac Asimov著,我,機器人(I, Robot),貓頭鷹,2版,2006年。 葉茂林,資訊法律(二),2版,書泉,1998年。 楊仁壽,法學方法論,2版,中國政法大學出版社,2013年。 楊奕華,法律人本主義——法理學研究全論,初版,漢興書局,1997年。 楊智傑,著作權法:判決與評論,2版,新學林,2012年。 楊智傑,美國著作權法——理論與重要判決,初版,元照,2018年。 楊雲飛譯,伊曼努爾·康德(Immanuel Kant)著,道德形而上学奠基(Grundlegung Zur Metaphysik Der Sitten),初版,人民出版社,2013年,頁62-63。 蔡守秋,基於生態文明的法理學,初版,中國法制出版社,2013年。 蔡明誠,德國著作權法令暨判決研究,初版,經濟部智慧財產局著作權組,1996年。 愷易緯譯,Mayor, Adrienne著,天工、諸神、機械人:希臘神話與遠古文明的工藝科技夢(Gods and robots : myths, machines and ancient dreams of technology),初版,八旗文化,2021年。 韓水法譯,伊曼努爾·康德(Immanuel Kant)著,實踐理性批判(Kritik der praktischen Vernunft),初版,商務印書館,2003年。 鄭志峰譯,John Frank Weaver著,Robots Are People Too機器人也是人:人工智慧時代的法律,2版,元照,2018年。 鄭冠宇,民法總則,7版,新學林,2021年。 鄭冠宇,民法物權,11版,新學林,2021年。 鄭冠宇,民法債編總論,4版,新學林,2021年。 謝政勳、廖琬洲、李聯旺譯, Michael Negnevitsky著,人工智慧:智慧型系統導論,3版,全華出版社,2011年。 謝銘洋,智慧財產權法,11版,元照,2021年。 謝銘洋、馮震宇、蔡明誠、陳逸南、陳家駿合著,著作權法解讀,2版,元照,2005年。
(二)專書論文 王怡蘋,人工智慧創作與著作權之相關問題,收錄于法律思維與制度的智慧轉型,初版,元照,2020年11月,頁563-598。 王偉霖,搜尋引擎著作權爭議問題研究,收錄于著作權合理使用規範之現在與未來,初版,元照,2011年9月,頁339-379。 沈宗倫,人工智慧科技與智慧財產權法制的交會與調和——以著作權法與專利法之權利歸屬為中心,收錄于人工智慧相關法律議題芻議,初版,元照,2018年,頁176-218。 吳從周,初探AI的民事責任——聚焦反思臺灣之實務見解,收錄于劉靜怡等,人工智慧相關法律議題芻議,初版,元照,2018年,頁87-116。 許力儒、莊弘鈺,人工智慧創作之著作權適格與歸屬——法律與技術之綜合觀點,收錄於第二十三屆全國科技法律研討會論文集,交通大學,2019年,頁401-425。 黃銘傑,日本著作權法合理使用規範之現況及修法議論,收錄于著作權合理使用規範之現在與未來,初版,元照,2011年9月,頁149-182。 章忠信,著作權保護、科技發展與合理使用——談新著作權法關於合理使用的已然與未然,收錄于2003年全國科技法律研討會論文集,交通大學,2003年,頁2-23。 章忠信,強制授權之緣起與發展:從著作權法制談起,收錄于第六屆歐盟與東亞智慧財產權國際學術研討會,2015年6月,頁1-9,http://www.copyrightnote.org/paper/pa0080.pdf(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/20)。 章忠信,利益均衡的著作權法制——歐盟著作權指令之新思維探討,收錄于智慧財產權與法律風險析論:人工智慧商業時代的來臨,初版,五南,2019年,頁217-243。 楊秋敏,AI機器人侵權行為相辟民事爭議硏究,收錄於2019年全國科技法律論文集,交通大學,2019年,頁427-446。 葉奇鑫,當電腦也開始創作——人工智慧(AI)著作未來可能之立法保護方式初探,收錄于智慧20再創價值:慶祝智慧局20週年特刊,經濟部智慧財產局,2019年,頁130-143。 趙士瑋,淺論人工智慧對法律關係中權利與責任之影響,收錄於2019年全國科技法律論文集,交通大學,2019年,頁447-470。 劉暢譯,劉傅璟監譯,Eric Hilgendorf著,自駕車的倫理及法律之挑戰(Automatisiertes Fahren als Herausforderung für Ethik und Rechtswissenschaft),2019第二屆人工智慧與法律國際學術研討會論文集,頁69-86。 謝銘洋,我國著作權法中「創作」概念相關判決之研究,收錄於國際比較下我國著作權法制總檢討(上冊),中研院法律學研究所,2014年,頁57-89。 顏上詠,人工智慧商業時代及智慧財產權研究,收錄于智慧財產權與法律風險析論:人工智慧商業時代的來臨,初版,五南,2019年,頁95-127。
(三)期刊論文 王利明,人工智慧時代對民法學的新挑戰,東方法學,第3期,2018年5月,頁4-9。 王遷,論人工智慧生成的內容在著作權法中的定性,法律科學(西北政法大學學報),第5期,2017年9月,頁148-155。 李安,機器學習作品的著作權法分析——非作品性使用、合理使用與侵權使用,電子知識產權,第6期,2020年6月,頁60-70。 呂群蓉,在人與非人之間徘徊——以民法「自然人」概念為基礎分析克隆人,法學雜誌,第12期,2011年12月,頁118-120。 沈宗倫,論數位暫時性重製於著作權法制法律評價——兼以重製權的新詮釋評價我國相關立法,東吳大學法律學報,第19卷第4期,2008年4月,頁31-74。 林利芝,初探人工智慧的著作權爭議——以「著作人身分」為中心,智慧財產權,第237期,2018年9月,頁61-78。 林秀芹、遊凱傑,著作權制度應對人工智慧創作物的路徑選擇——以民法孳息理論為視角,電子知識產權,第6期,2018年6月,頁13-19。 徐小奔、楊依楠,論人工智慧深度學習中著作權的合理使用,交大法學,第3期,2019年7月,頁32-42。 徐龍,論人工智慧創作之法律屬性與保護,東吳法律學報,第33卷第1期,2021年7月,頁139-182。 徐龍,機器學習的著作權困境及制度方案,東南學術,第2期,2022年3月,頁237-246。 吳柏憑,人工智慧對於著作權概念的衝擊——日本著作權的新政策發展方向,科技法律透析第,第28卷12期,2016年12月,頁26-31。 吳漢東,人工智慧時代的制度安排與法律規制,法律科學(西北政法大學學報),第5期,2017年9月,頁128-136。 吳漢東,人工智慧生成作品的著作權法之問,中外法學,第3期,2020年6月,頁653-673。 房紹坤、林廣會,人工智慧民事主體適格性之辨思,蘇州大學學報(哲學社會科學版),第5期,2018年9月,頁64-72、191.。 易繼明,人工智慧創作物是作品嗎?,法律科學,第5期,2017年9月,頁137-147。 郭少飛,「電子人」法律主體論,東方法學,第3期,2018年5月,頁38-49。 孫占利,智慧機器人法律人格問題論析,東方法學,第3期,2018年5月,頁10-17。 高佳佳,類型化視角下機器學習的合理使用分析,電子知識產權,2021年5月,第5期,頁18-28。 陳吉棟、向夢涵譯,尼爾·M·理查茲、威廉·D·斯馬特著,法律如何看待機器人,法治社會,第1期,2019年1月,頁54-65。 梁志文,論人工智慧創造物的法律保護,法律科學(西北政法大學學報),第5期,2017年9月,頁156-165。 梁志文、李忠誠,論算法創作,華東政法大學學報,2019年11月,第6期,頁46-59。 常紀文,動物有權利還是僅有福利?——「主、客二分法」與「主、客一體化法」的爭論與溝通,環球法律評論,2008年11月,第6期,頁61-73。 黃銘傑,資料庫著作原創性之所在及其侵權疑義——與一般編輯著作之比較,法學新論,第24期,2010年7月,頁41-57。 馮震宇,從人類創作到AI創作:智財權利主體與權利歸屬之挑戰,月旦法學教室,第212期,2020年6月,頁34-43。 馮曉青、潘柏華,人工智慧「創作」認定及其財產權益保護研究——兼評「首例人工智慧生成內容著作權侵權案」,西北大學學報(哲學社會科學版),第50卷第2期,2020年3月,頁39-52。 章忠信,表演人權利之保護,智慧財產權月刊,50期,2003年2月,頁17-36。 章忠信,「表演」於我國著作權法之保護,律師雜誌,第258期,2001年3月,頁36-47。 張力、陳鵬,機器人「人格」理論批判與人工智慧物的法律規制,學術界,總第247期,2018年12月,頁53-75。 張金平,人工智慧作品合理使用困境及其解決,環球法律評論,第3期,2019年3月,頁120-132。 張建文,格裏申法案的貢獻與侷限,華東政法大學學報,第2期,2018年8月,頁32-41。 張瑞星,論音樂著作抄襲類型化的「模糊界線」,科技法律評析,第10期,2018年6月,頁53-96。 張瑞星,從美國法院案例談著作權合理使用的轉化利用測試,科技法律評析,第2期,2009年6月,頁155-202。 張嘉麟,論我國著作權法之強制授權授權機制——以強制授權授權之結構分析為中心,智慧財產權月刊,第45期,2002年9月,頁71-89。 華劼,合理使用制度運用於人工智慧創作的兩難及出路,電子知識產權,2019年4月,第4期,頁29-39。 楊立新,人工類人格:智能機器人的民法地位——兼論智能機器人致人損害的民事責任,求是學刊,第4期,2018年7月,頁84-96。 楊立新、張莉,連體人的法律人格及其權利衝突協調,法學研究,第5期,2005年9月,頁27-40。 蔡明誠,從比較法觀點論著作之原創性及創作性要件,國立臺灣大學法學論叢,第26卷第1期,1996年10月,頁177-194。 蔡達智,機器人法律地位及其應有規範取向,興大法學,第25期,2019年5月,頁1-41。 熊琦,人工智慧生成內容的著作權認定,知識產權,第3期,2017年3月,頁3-8。 趙萬一,機器人的法律主體地位辨析——兼談對機器人進行法律規制的基本要求,貴州民族大學學報(哲學社會科學版),第3期,2018年6月,頁147-167。 餘夢帆、劉川鄂,「創造」與「製作」:關於微軟小冰作詩軟體的幾點思考,當代文壇,第5期, 2021年8月,頁158-165。 龍文懋,人工智慧法律主體地位的法哲學思考,法律科學(西北政法大學學報),第5期,2018年8月,頁24-31。 劉洪華,論人工智慧的法律地位,政治與法律,第1期,2019年1月,頁11-21。 劉憲權,人工智慧時代機器人行為道德倫理與刑法規制,比較法研究,第4期,2018年7月,頁40-54。 劉友華、魏遠山,機器學習的著作權侵權問題及其解決,華東政法大學學報,第2期,2019年3月,頁68-79。 鄭戈,人工智慧與法律的未來,探索與爭鳴,第10期,2017年11月,頁78-84。
(四)法院判決 (1)臺灣 臺灣高等法院臺南分院106年上易字第256號刑事判決。 智慧財產法院107年民公訴字第4號民事判決。 智慧財產及商業法院110年度行專訴字第3號判決。 最高法院97年度臺上字第1587號刑事判決。 智慧財產法院109年度民著訴字第4號民事判決。 智慧財產法院107年度民公訴字第4號民事判決。 最高法院97年度臺上字第1587號刑事判決。 智慧財產法院98年度民訴字第2號民事判決。 智慧財產法院97年度刑智上訴字第41號刑事判決。 臺灣臺北地方法院109年度智簡字第19號刑事判決。 智慧財產法院107年度刑智上易字第45號刑事判決。 智慧財產法院104年度刑智上易字第90號刑事判決。 智慧財產法院104年度民著訴字第50號民事判決。 智慧財產法院100年度民著上易字第1號民事判決。 智慧財產法院99年度民著訴字第85號民事判決。 智慧財產法院99年度民著訴字第36號民事判決。 智慧財產法院103年度民著上字第26號民事判決。 智慧財產法院102年度民著訴字第57號民事判決。 智慧財產法院102年度民著上字第19號民事判決。 臺灣新北地方法院101年度智字第2號民事判決。 智慧財產法院101年度民著訴字第27號民事判決。 智慧財產法院100年度民著訴字第31號民事判決。 智慧財產及商業法院110年度民著訴字第129號民事判決。 臺灣臺中地方法院110年度聲判字第16號刑事裁定。 智慧財產法院107年度民著訴字第68號。 智慧財產法院104年度民著上字第5號民事判決。 智慧財產法院103年28度民著上更(一)字第2號民事判決。 智慧財產法院106年度民著上更(一)字第1號民事判決。 臺灣臺中地方法院94年度訴字第1865號刑事判決。 臺灣高等法院臺中分院96年度上訴字第2208號刑事判決。 智慧財產及商業法院110年度民著訴字第129號民事判決。 臺灣臺中地方法院110年度聲判字第16號刑事裁定。 智慧財產法院104年度民著上更(一)字第2號民事判決。 智慧財產法院104年度刑智上訴字第47號刑事判決。 智慧財產法院98年度民著訴字第2號民事判決。 最高法院106年度台上字第1726號民事判決。 臺灣高等法院94年度智上字第45號民事判決。 臺灣高等法院94年度智上字第53號民事判決。
(2)中國大陸 北京互联网法院(2018)京0491民初239號民事判决。 廣東省深圳市南山區人民法院(2019)粵0305民初14010號民事判決。 北京市第一中級人民法院(2011)一中民初字第1321號民事判決。 北京市高級人民法院(2013)高民終字第1221號民事判決。
(五)函示意見 (1)台灣 經濟部智慧財產局109年12月2日經訴字第10906311620號訴願決定。 經濟部智慧財產局109年6月29日(109)智專一(二)15173字第10940948310號函。 經濟部智慧財產局109年5月5日(109)智專一(二)15173字第10940658750號函。 經濟部智慧財產局108年11月11日(108)智專一(二)15179字第10841663060號函。 經濟部智慧財產局95年7月28日智著字第09500070820號函。 經濟部智慧財產局89年7月7日(八九)智著字第89005709號函。 經濟部智慧財產局100年4月13日電子郵件1000413b號函。
(2)中國大陸 中國大陸最高人民法院「關於加強著作權和與著作權有關的權利保護的意見」法發〔2020〕42號。
(六)官方文件 臺灣行政院:「AI小國大戰略」, https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/5A8A0CB5B41DA11E/50a08776-e33a-4be2-a07c-a6e523f5031b(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/11)。 臺灣行政院:「臺灣AI行動計劃」, https://digi.ey.gov.tw/File/4C622B6A10053DAD (最後瀏覽日:2022/8/20)。 臺灣科技部:「人工智慧科研發展指引」,2019年9月版,https://www.most.gov.tw/most/attachments/53491881-eb0d-443f-9169-1f434f7d33c7(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 中國大陸國務院:「國務院關於印發新一代人工智慧發展規劃的通知」,http://big5.www.gov.cn/gate/big5/www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-07/20/content_5211996.htm(最後瀏覽日:2022/8/27)。 中國大陸國家標準化管理委員會、中央網信辦、國家發展改革委、科技部、工業和資訊化部:「國家新一代人工智慧標準體系建設指南」,http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-08/09/5533454/files/bf4f158874434ad096636ba297e3fab3.pdf (最後瀏覽日:2022/8/27)。 中國大陸國務院:「新一代人工智慧發展規劃」,http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-07/20/content_5211996.htm(最後瀏覽日:2022/5/22)。 中國大陸國家新一代人工智慧治理專業委員會:「新一代人工智慧倫理規範」,http://www.most.gov.cn/kjbgz/202109/t20210926_177063.html(最後瀏覽日:20225/22)。
(七)網路資料 名畫檔案,皮格馬利翁和活雕像 Pygmalion and Galatea,https://www.ss.net.tw/paint-149_56-3176.html (最後瀏覽日:2022/9/11)。 昕立資訊,最聰明的AI智能客服機器人, https://www.thinkpower.com.tw/chatflex.html(最後瀏覽日:2022/8/26)。 和訊新聞,「柯潔烏鎮終敗」全盤回顧人類最後希望與圍棋上帝終極PK,http://news.hexun.com/2017-05-27/189387092.html(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 鳳凰網,全球首款性愛機器人要開賣,http://tech.ifeng.com/a/20170210/44541223_0.shtml#p=2(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 數位時代,跨越次元的愛!和虛擬偶像初音結婚的日本男子,https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/51885/akihiko-kondo-got-married-with-hatsune-miku?(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 數位時代,Uber自駕車致死車禍原因出爐:監督人員在看影集, https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/49620/uber-self-driving-cars-accident-report(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 iThome,深度直擊全球Amazon首家無人商店,Amazon Go維運關鍵大公開, https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/124133(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 INSIDE,史上最強Banner製造機!阿裏AI「魯班」每秒做8000張助力雙11!,https://www.inside.com.tw/article/11037-alibaba-ai-banner(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/10)。 CROSSING,人工智慧會寫詩了!什麼是靈魂?什麼是自由意志?,https://crossing.cw.com.tw/article/8259(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 iThome,新聞記者要失業了嗎?AI機器軟體一季能寫3千則新聞,https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/93868(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/3)。 iThome,中國法院宣判寫稿機器人Dreamwriter擁有著作權?,https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/135305(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/3)。 圖書館學與資訊科學大辭典,專家系統,https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/1678973/ (最後瀏覽日:2022/9/5)。 程式人生,[深度學習]深度自編碼器簡述,https://www.796t.com/content/1549737183.html(最後瀏覽日:2022/8/22)。 peter_tsao,分類(Classification), https://sls.weco.net/node/10936 (最後瀏覽日:2022/8/22)。 e-Cloud valley,你知道機器學習(Machine Learning),有幾種學習方式嗎? ,https://www.ecloudvalley.com/zh-hant/machine-learning/ (最後瀏覽日:2022/8/22)。 德國之生,机器人是公民?沙特敢为天下先,https://www.dw.com/zh/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BA%E6%98%AF%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E6%95%A2%E4%B8%BA%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B%E5%85%88/a-41169697 (最後瀏覽日:2022/8/27)。 風傳媒,神聖河流》紐西蘭旺阿努伊河~~全世界第一條擁有「人權」的河,河與原住民的命運隨之改變,https://www.storm.mg/article/4484212?mode=whole (最後瀏覽日:2022/8/26)。 CSDN,邊框回歸,https://blog.csdn.net/zijin0802034/article/details/77685438 (最後瀏覽日:2022/6/27)。 每日頭條,恐怖!語音助手勸主人自殺,還發出詭異笑聲...,https://kknews.cc/news/k4qpa98.html (最後瀏覽日:2022/6/2)。 iThome,昕力資訊ChatFlex-AI智能客服機器人獲選Gartner 2018年亞太地區最酷AI交談供應商—臺灣唯一入選企業,https://www.ithome.com.tw/pr/128913(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 INSIDE,史上最強 Banner 製造機!阿裏 AI「魯班」每秒做 8000 張助力雙11!,https://www.inside.com.tw/article/11037-alibaba-ai-banner(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/2)。 CROSSING,人工智慧會寫詩了!什麼是靈魂?什麼是自由意志?,https://crossing.cw.com.tw/article/8259(最後瀏覽日:2022/6/20)。 iThome,新聞記者要失業了嗎?AI機器軟體一季能寫3千則新聞,https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/93868(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/3)。 iThome,中國法院宣判寫稿機器人Dreamwriter擁有著作權?,https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/135305(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/3)。 好奇心研究所,微軟的人工智慧小冰學會作詩了,我們試了一下,http://www.qdaily.com/articles/40870.html(最後瀏覽日:2022/6/25)。 極客公園,微軟小冰發佈了獨立完成的詩集,我們和專案負責人聊了聊它的現在和未來https://www.geekpark.net/news/219635 (最後瀏覽日:2022/6/25)。 壹讀,微軟李笛:為什麼說畫家小冰是最艱難的一次養成?https://read01.com/4GazA3J.html (最後瀏覽日:2022/6/27)。 好奇心研究所,微軟的 AI 會畫畫了,這可能意味著什麼?http://www.qdaily.com/articles/64052.html(最後瀏覽日:2022/6/27)。 CROSSING,人工智慧會寫詩了!什麼是靈魂?什麼是自由意志?,https://crossing.cw.com.tw/article/8259(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/10); 微軟AI小冰在中央美術學院舉辦首個畫展:名叫「或然世界」,https://read01.com/J8xggJD.html(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/10)。 CNEWS,Google用來管控仇恨言論的人工智慧竟然有「種族歧視」?, https://cnews.com.tw/140190829a05/(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/5)。 INSIDE,Google Photos 糗大了,誤將兩名人類標記為大猩猩, https://www.inside.com.tw/article/4747-google-mistakenly-tags-black-people-as-gorillas(最後瀏覽日:2022/9/5)。 知識力,谷歌圖書侵權一案歷時11年終落幕,https://www.zhichanli.com/p/526340970,(最後瀏覽日:2022/8/23)。 Dreamwriter官方視頻,https://v.qq.com/x/page/z071387ge88.html,(最後瀏覽日:2022/8/23)。
二 日文文獻 (一)日文專書 小泉直樹,アメリカ著作権制度,初版,弘文堂,1996。 小倉秀夫、金井重彥,著作権法コンメンタール,初版,レクシスネクシス.ジャパン,2013年。 中山信弘,ソフトウェアの法的保護,初版,有斐閣,1988年。 中山信弘,著作権法,2版,有斐閣,2014年。 加戸守行,著作権法逐条講義,5訂新版,著作権情報センター,2006年。 半田正夫,著作権法概説,13版,法学書院,2007年。 斉藤博,著作権法,3版,有斐閣,2004年。 茶園成樹,著作権法,初版,有斐閣,2014年。 高林龍,標準著作権法,2版,有斐閣,2013年。
(二)專書論文 上野達弘,人工知能による発明と創作AI生成物に関する知的財産権,PI×AI(特許情報×人工知能)~第四次産業革命が特許情報の未來をどう変えていくのか~特集,2017年,頁20-23。
(三)期刊論文 上野達弘,人工知能と機械學習をめぐる著作権法上の課題 日本とヨーロッパにおける近時の動向,法律時報,91巻8號,2019年,頁33-40。 上野達弘,著作権法改正が拓く日本の“機械學習パラダイス”,ビジネス法務,19巻2號,2018年,頁1-10。 中山信弘,著作権法の憂鬱,パテント,66巻1號,2013年,頁106-118。 出井甫,AI創作物に関する著作権法上の問題點とその対策案,パテント,69巻15號,2016年,頁35-45。 別所直哉,実務から見たAIがもたらす知的財産法へのインパクトと課題,法律時報,91巻8號,2019年,頁9-15。 奧邨弘司,人工知能が生み出したコンテンツと著作権,パテント,70巻2號,2017年,頁10-19。 橫山久芳,AIに関する著作権法・特許法上の問題,法律時報,91巻8號,2019年,頁50-56。 愛知靖之,AI 生成物・機械學習と著作権法,パテント,73巻8號,2020年,頁131-146。
(四)法院判決 東京地判昭和53·6·21判タ366号。 最一小判平成13年6月28日民集55巻4号。
(五)官方文件 文部科學省,著作権法の一部を改正する法律(案文·理由),2018年。 文部科學省,著作権法の一部を改正する法律(新舊對照條文),2018年。 文化庁,著作権審議會第9小委員會(コンピュータ創作物関係)報告書,1993年。 内閣府,知的財産戦略推進事務局,AIによって生み出される創作物の取扱い,2016年。 内閣府,內閣広報室,著作権法の一部を改正する法律案:概要説明資料,2018年。 内閣府,統合イノベーション戦略推進会議決定,び人間中心のAI社會原則,2019年。 知的財産戦略本部,検証・評価・企畫委員會、次世代知財システム検討委員會,次世代知財システム検討委員會報告書~デジタル・ネットワーク化に対応する次世代知財システム構築に向けて~,2016年。 知的財産研究所,AIを活用した創作や3Dプリンティング用データの産業財産権法上の保護に関する調査研究報告書,2017年。 知的財産戦略本部,検証・評価・企画委員会、新たな情報財検討委員会,新たな情報財検討委員会報告書-データ・人工知能(AI)の利活用促進による産業競争力強化の基盤となる知財システムの構築に向けて-,2017年。 知的財産戦略本部,知的財産推進計畫,2019年。 総務省情報通信政策研究所,AIネットワーク社会推進会議,報告書2017-AIネットワーク化に関する国際的な議論の推進に向けて-,2017年。 総務省情報通信政策研究所,AIネットワーク社会推進会議,報告書2018-AIの利活用の促進及びAIネットワーク化の健全な進展に向けて-,2018年。 総務省情報通信政策研究所,AIネットワーク社会推進会議,報告書2019, 2019年。 総務省情報通信政策研究所,AIネットワーク社会推進会議,報告書2020~「安心・安全で信頼性のある AI の社会実装」に向けて~,2020年。 総務省情報通信政策研究所,AIネットワーク社会推進会議,報告書2021~「安心・安全で信頼性のある AI の社会実装」の推進 ~,2021年。
三 英文文獻 (一)英文專書 ADAIR-TOTEFF, CHRISTOPHER, MAX WEBER’S SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION, MOHR SIEBECK, TÜBINGEN, GERMANY (2016). ALPAYDIN, ETHEM, MACHINE LEARNING: THE NEW AI, THE MIT PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS LONDON, ENGLAND, U.K. (2016) ANGELO, LOULA, RICARDO GUDWIN & JOÃO QUEIROZ eds., ARTIFICIAL COGNITION SYSTEMS, IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING, HERSHEY, U.S.A. (2007). APLIN, TANYA ed., RESEARCH HANDBOOK ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES, EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING, CHELTENHAM, U.K. & NORTHAMPTON, MA, U.S.A. (2020). BODENHEIMER, EDGAR, JURISPRUDENCE: THE PHILOSOPHY AND METHOD OF THE LAW, HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS, U.S.A. (Revised ed.1974). CADDICK, NICHOLAS, GILLIAN DAVIES & GWILYM HARBOTTLE, COPINGER AND SKONE JAMES ON COPYRIGHT (MAINWORK & 1ST SUPPLEMENT), SWEET & MAXWELL, U.K. (18th. ed. 2021). CALO, RYAN, A MICHAEL FROOMKIN & IAN KERR. eds., ROBOT LAW, EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING, CHELTENHAM, U.K. & NORTHAMPTON, MA, U.S.A. (2016). CHOPRA, SAMIR & LAURENCE F WHITE, A LEGAL THEORY FOR AUTONOMOUS ARTIFICIAL AGENTS, THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN PRESS, U.S.A. (2011). CORMEN, THOMAS H. ET AL., INTRODUCTION TO ALGORITHMS, THE MIT PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS LONDON, ENGLAND, U.K. (3rd ed. 2009). COOTER, ROBERT &THOMAS ULEN, LAW AND ECONOMIC, PEARSON EDUCATION, INC., U.S.A. (6th ed.2016). CRAGLIA, MAX ed., ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE, PUBLICATIONS OFFICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, LUXEMBOURG (2018). DRASSINOWER, ABRAHAM, WHAT’S WRONG WITH COPYING?, HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS, U.S.A. (2015). GOMPEL, STEF JOHAN VAN, FORMALITIES IN COPYRIGHT LAW: AN ANALYSIS OF THEIR HISTORY, RATIONALES AND POSSIBLE FUTURE, KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL, ALPHEN AAN DEN RIJN, THE NETHERLANDS (2011). GOODFELLOW, IAN, YOSHUA BENGIO & AARON COURVILLE, DEEP LEARNING, THE MIT PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, LONDON, ENGLAND, UK (2016). GUIBAULT, LUCIE M. C. R., COPYRIGHT LIMITATIONS AND CONTRACTS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONTRACTUAL OVERRIDABILITY OF LIMITATIONS ON COPYRIGHT, KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL, THE HAGUE, THE NETHERLANDS (2002). HOLMES, OLIVER WENCLELKL, THE COMMON LAW, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LAW SCHOOL TYPOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, U.S.A. (Paulo J. S. Pereira & Diego M. Beltran eds 2011). HURWITZ, JUDITH, HENRY MORRIS, CANDACE SIDNER & DANIEL KIRSCH, AUGMENTED INTELLIGENCE: THE BUSINESS POWER OF HUMAN-MACHINE COLLABORATION, AUERBACH PUBLICATIONS, NEW YORK, U.S.A. (2019). KAPLAN, JERRY, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: WHAT EVERYONE NEEDS TO KNOW, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, NEW YORK, U.S.A. (2016). KLAUS SCHWAB, THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM, SWITZERLAND (2016). MCCORDUCK, PAMELA, MACHINES WHO THINK : A PERSONAL INQUIRY INTO THE HISTORY AND PROSPECTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, A K PETERS/CRC PRESS, MASSACHUSETTS, U.S.A. (2nd ed.2004). MARSLAND, STEPHEN, MACHINE LEARNING: AN ALGORITHMIC PERSPECTIVE, CHAPMAN & HALL (CRC PRESS), UK (2nd ed.2015). MITCHELL, TOM M., MACHINE LEARNING, MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION, U.S.A. (1997). MINSKY, MARVIN, SEMANTIC INFORMATION PROCESSING, MIT PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, AND LONDON, ENGLAND, UK (1968). MUNZER, STEPHEN R. ed., NEW ESSAYS IN THE LEGAL AND POLITICAL THEORY OF PROPERTY, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, U.S.A. (2001). NIELSEN, MICHAEL, NEURAL NETWORKS AND DEEP LEARNING, DETERMINATION PRESS (2015). NIMMER, DAVID & MELVILLE B. NIMMER, NIMMER oN COPYRIGHT, LEXISNEXIS MATTHEW BENDER, NEW YORK, U.S.A. (2020). PASQUALE, FRANK, THE BLACK BOX SOCIETY: THE SECRET ALGORITHMS THAT CONTROL MONEY AND INFORMATION, HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, LONDON, ENGLAND, UK (2015). POUND, ROSCOE, SOCIAL CONTROL THROUGH LAW, YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS, U.S.A. (1968). RAMALHO, ANA, THE COMPETENCE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN COPYRIGHT LAWMAKING: A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE OF EU POWERS FOR COPYRIGHT HARMONIZATION, SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING, SWITZERLAND (2016). REGAN, TOM, THE CASE FOR ANIMAL RIGHTS,UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS, BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, U.S.A. (2004). ROKACH, LIOR & ODED MAIMON, DATA MINING WITH DECISION TREES: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING CO., INC.(WSPC), NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. (2ND 2014). RUSSELL, STUART J. & PETER NORVIG, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A MODERN APPROACH, PEARSON EDUCATION INC., NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. (3rd ed. 2010). SCHWAB, KLAUS, THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM, COLOGNY/GENEVA, SWITZERLAND (2016). STEWART, STEPHEN M., INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT AND NEIGHBORING RIGHTS, BUTTERWORTHS, LONDON, UK (2nd Ed. 1989). VAN GOMPEL, STEF JOHAN, FORMALITIES IN COPYRIGHT LAW: AN ANALYSIS OF THEIR HISTORY, RATIONALES AND POSSIBLE FUTURE, KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL, THE HAGUE, THE NETHERLANDS (2011).
(二)會議論文 Damer, Naser et al., The Effect of Wearing a Mask on Face Recognition Performance: An Exploratory Study, THE 2020 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE BIOMETRICS SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP (BIOSIG) 1, 1-6 (2020). Fu, Biying, Florian Kirchbuchner & Naser Damer, The Effect of Wearing a Face Mask on Face Image Quality, 2021 16TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTOMATIC FACE AND GESTURE RECOGNITION (FG 2021) 1, 1-8 (2021). Hadjeres, Gaëtan, François Pachet & Frank Nielsen, Deepbach: A Steerable Model for Bach Chorales Generation, PROC. OF THE 34TH INT’ L CONF. ON MACHINE LEARNING 1362, 1362-1371 (2017). Karras, Tero, Samuli Laine & Timo Aila, A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networks, PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE/CVF CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION (CVPR), 4401, 4401-4410 (2019). Maeda, Shunta, Unpaired Image Super-Resolution Using Pseudo-Supervision, PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE/CVF CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION (CVPR) 291, 291-300 (2020). Schönberger, Daniel, Deep Copyright: Up - and Downstream - Questions Related to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), DE WERRA Jacques, Droit d’ auteur 4.0 / Copyright 4.0, Geneva / Zurich: Schulthess Editions Romandes 145, 163-167 (2018). https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3098315 (last visited 2022/1/5). Vinge, Vernor, The Coming Technological Singularity: How to Survive in the Post-Human Era, in VISION-21: INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING IN THE ERA OF CYBERSPACE, G. A. LANDIS, ed., NASA PUBLICATION CP-10129, 11, 11-22 (1993), https://web.archive.org/web/20180410074243/http://mindstalk.net/vinge/vinge-sing.html (last visited 2022/8/22).
(三)期刊論文 Abbott, Ryan, I Think, Therefore I Invent: Creative Computers and the Future of Patent Law, 57 B.C. L. REV. 1079, 1079-1126 (2016). Baker, Tom & Benedict G. C. Dellaert, Regulating Robo Advice Across the Financial Serices Industry, 103 IOWA L. REV. 713, 713-750 (2018). Banteka, Nadia, Artificially Intelligent Persons, 58 HOUS. L. REV. 537, 537-596 (2021). Beebe, Barton, An Empirical Study of U.S. Copyright Fair Use Opinions,1978-2005, 156(3) U. PA. L. REV. 549, 549-624 (2008). Beebe, Barton, An Empirical Study of U.S. Copyright Fair Use Opinions Updated, 1978-2019, 10(1) N.Y.U.J. INTELL. PROP. & ENT. L. 1,1-39 (2020). Borghi, Maurizio & Stavroula Karapapa, Non-display uses of copyright works: Google Books and beyond, 1(1) QUEEN MARY J. INTELLECT. PROP. 21, 21–52 (2011). Breiman, Leo, Random Forests, 45 MACH. LEARN. 5, 5-32 (2001). Bridy, Annemarie, Coding Creativity: Copyright and the Artificially Intelligent Author, 5 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 1, 1-27 (2012). Bridy, Annemarie, The Evolution of Authorship Work Made by Code, 39 COLUM. J. L. & ARTS 395, 395-404 (2016). Brodsky, Essica S., Autonomous Vehicle Regulation: How an Uncertain Legal Landscape May Hit the Brakes on Self-driving Cars, 31 BERKELEY TECH L. J. 851, 851-878 (2016). Bromley, Allan G., Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine, 1838, 4(3) IEEE ANN. HIST. COMPUT. 196, 196-217 (1982). Brown, Nina I., Artificial Authors: A Case for Copyright in Computer-Generated Works, 20 COLUM. SCI. & TECH. L. REV. 1,1-41 (2018). Brożek, Bartosz & Marek Jakubiec, On the Legal Responsibility of Autonomous Machines, 25 ARTIF. INTELL. LAW, 293, 293-304 (2017). Bryson, Joanna J., Mihailis E.Diamantis & Thmas D.Grant, Of, for, and by the People: the Legal Lacuna of Synthetic Persons, 25 ARTIF. INTELL. LAW 273, 273-291 (2017). Butler, Timothy L., Can a Computer be an Author-Copyright Aspects of Artificial Intelligence, HASTINGS COMMC’N & ENTM’T L. J. 707, 707-747 (1982). Buckland, Michael, What Kind of Science Can Information Science Be? 63(1) J. INFO. SCI. & TECH. 1, 1-7 (2012). Calabresi, Guido & A. Douglas Melamed, Property Rules, Liability Rules, and Inalienability: One View of the Catherdral, 85(6) HARV. L. REV. 1089, 1089-1128 (1972). Gerstner, Maruerite E., Liability Issues with Artificial Intelligence Software, 33 SANTA CLARA L. REV. 239, 239-269 (1993). Chafee, Zechariah Jr., Reflections on the Law of Copyright, 45 COLUM. L.REV. 503, 503-529 (1945). Chen, Jiahong & Paul Burgess, The Boundaries of Legal Personhood: How Spontaneous Intelligence Can Problemtise Differences Between Humans, Artificial Intelligence, Companies and Animals, 25 ARTIF. INTELL. LAW 73, 73-92 (2017). Clifford, Ralph D., Intellectual Property in the Era of the Creative Computer Program: Will the True Creator Please Stand Up? 71 TUL. L. REV. 1675, 1675-1703 (1997). Coase, R. H., The Problem of Social Cost, 3 J. L. & Econ. 1,1-44 (1960). Cofone, Ignacio N., Servers and Waiters: What Matters in the Law of A.I., 21 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 167, 167-197 (2018). Cohn, Morris E., Jurisdiction in Actions in Rem and in Personam, 14 ST. LOUIS L. REV. 170, 170-179 (1929). Deng, Li & Dong Yu, Deep Learning: Methods and Applications, 7 FOUND. TRENDS SIGNAL PROCESS. 197, 197-387 (2014). Dornis, Tim W., Artificial Creativity: Emergent Works and the Void in Current Copyright Doctrine, 22 YALE J. L. & TECH. 1, 1-60 (2020). Epstein, Ziv, Sydney Levine, David G. Rand & Iyad Rahwan, Who Gets Credit for AI-Generated Art?, 23 ISCIENCE 1,1-10 (2020). Fisher III, William W., Reconstructing Fair Use Doctrine 101 HARV. L. REV. 1659,1659-1795 (1988). Fraser Jr., George B., Actions in Rem , 34 CORNELL L. REV. 29, 29-49 (1948). Gervais, Daniel J., The Machine as Author, 105 IOWA L. REV. 2053, 2053-2106 (2020). Gerstner, Maruerite E., Liability Issues with Artificial Intelligence Software, 33 SANTA CLARA L. REV. 239, 239-269 (1993). Gillotte, Jessica L., Copyright Infringement in AI-Generated Artworks, 53 U.C. DAVIS L. REV. 2655, 2655-2691 (2020). Ginsburg, Jane C. & Luke Ali Budiardjo, Authors and Machines, 34 BERKELEY TECH. L.J. 343, 343-448 (2019). Gordon, Wendy J., Fair Use as Market Failure: A Structural and Economic Analysis of the Betamax Case and Its Predecessors, 82(8) COLUM. L. REV. 1600, 1600-1657 (1982). Grimmelmann, James, Copyright for Literate Robots, 101(2) IOWA L. REV. 657, 657-681 (2016). Hardin, Garrett, The Tragedy of the Commons, 162 SCIENCE 1243,1243-1248 (1968). Hinton, Geoffrey E., Simon Osindero & Yee-Whye Teh, A Fast Learning Algorithm for Deep Belief Nets, 18 NEURAL COMPUT. 1527, 1527-1554 (2006). Hristov, Kalin, Artificial Intelligence and the Copyright Dilemma, 57 IDEA: J. FRANKLIN PIERCE FOR INTELL. PROP. 431, 431-453 (2017). Hughes, Justin, The Philosophy of Intellectual Property, 77 GEORGETOWN L. J. 287, 287-366 (1988). Hubbard, F. Patrick, “Do Androids Dream?”: Personhood and Intelligent Artifacts, 83 TEMP. L. REV. 405, 405-474 (2011). Jackson, Jonathan C., Legal Aspects of Computer Art, 19 RUTGERS COMPUTER & TECH. L. J. 495, 495-515 (1993). Kasap, Atilla, Copyright and Creative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems: A Twenty-First Century Approach to Authorship of AI-Generated Works in the United States, 19 WAKE FOREST J. BUS. & INTELL. PROP. L. 335, 335-380 (2019). Khoury, Amir H., Intellectual Property Rights For “Hubots”: On the Legal Implications of Human- Like Robots As Innovators And Creators, 35 CARDOZO ARTS & ENT. L. J. 635, 635-668 (2017). Lacey, Linda J., Of Bread and Roses and Copyrights, 6 Duke L. J. 1532, 1532-1596 (1989). Lawrence B. Solum, Legal Personhood for Artificial Intelligences, 70 N.C. L REV. 1231, 1258, 1262-76 (1992). Lauber-Rönsberg, Anne & Sven Hetmank, The Concept of Author Ship and Inventorship Under Pressure. Does Artificial Intelligence Shift Paradigms? 14 J. INTELL. PROP. L. & PRAC. 570, 570-579 (2019). Leval Pierre N., Toward A Fair Use Standard, 103 HARVARD L. REV. 1105, 1105-1136 (1990). Lee, Edward, Technological Fair Use, 83(4) S. CAL. L. REV. 797, 797-874 (2010). Levendowski, Amanda, How Copyright Law Can Fix Artificial Intelligence’s Implicit Bias Problem, 93(2) WASH. L. REV. 579, 579-630 (2018). Lovelace, Augusta Ada Byron King, (notes by the translator), Sketch of the Analytical Engine invented by Charles Babbage, 3 SCIENTIFIC MEMOIRS 666, 666-731 (1843). Lunney Jr., Glynn S., Reexamining Copyright's Incentives-Access Paradigm 49 VAND. L. REV. 483, 483-656 (1996). McCulloch, Warren S. & Walter Pitts, A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity, 5 BULL. MATH. BIOL. 115, 115-133 (1943). Perry, Mark & Thomas Margoni, From Music Tracks to Google Maps: Who Owns Computer-Generated Works? 26 COMPUTER LAW & SECURITY REVIEW 621, 621-629 (2010). Ramalho, Ana, Will Robots Rule the (Artistic) World?: A Proposed Model for the Legal Status of Creations By Artificial Intelligence Systems, 21 J. INTERNET L. 12, 12-38 (2017). Sag, Matthew, The New Legal Landscape for Text Mining and Machine Learning, 66(2) J. COPYRIGHT SOC’Y U.S.A. 291, 291-367 (2019). Samuel, Arthur. L., Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers, 3(3) IBM JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 211, 211-229 (1959). Samuelson, Pamela, Allocating Ownership Rights in Computer-Generated Works, 47 U. PITT. L. REV. 1185, 1185-1224 (1986). Scherer, Matthew U., Regulating Artificial Intelligence Systems: Risks, Challenges, Competencies, and Strategies, 29 HARV. J.L. & TECH. 353, 353-400 (2016). Schmidhuber, Jürgen, Deep learning in neural networks: An overview, 61 NEURAL NETWORKS 85, 85-117 (2015) Searle, John R., Minds, Brains, And Programs, 3(3) BEHAV BRAIN SCI. 417, 417-457 (1980). Shoyama, Rex M., Intelligent Agents: Authors, Makers, And Owners of Computer-Generated Works in Canadian Copyright Law, 4 CANADIAN J. L. & TECH. 129, 129-140 (2005). Sobel, Benjamin L.W., Artificial Intelligence’s Fair Use Crisis, 41(1) COLUM. J. L. & ARTS 45, 45-97 (2017). Solum, Lawrence B., Legal Personhood for Artificial Intelligences, 70(4) N. C. L. REV. 1231, 1231-1288 (1992). Teubner, Gunther, Rights of Non-humans Electronic Agents and Animals as New Actors in Politics and Law, 33(4) J. L. & SOC. 497, 497-521 (2006). Turing, Alan M., Intelligent Machinery 107, 107-127 (1948). Turing, Alan M., Computing Machinery and Intelligence, 49 MIND 433, 433-460 (1950). Wu, Andrew J., From Video Games to Artificial Intelligence: Assigning Copyright Ownership to Works Generated by Increasingly Sophisticated Computer Programs, 25 AIPLA Q. J. 131, 131-177 (1997). Yanisky-Ravid, Shlomit, Generating Rembrandt: Artificial Intelligence, Copyright, And Accountability in the 3a Era--The Human-Like Authors Are Already Here--A New Model, 2017 MICH. ST. L. REV. 659, 659-721 (2017). Yanisky-Ravid, Shlomit & Luis Antonio Velez-Hernandez, Copyrightability of Artworks Produced by Creative Robots and Originality: the Formality-Objective Model, 19 MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. 1, 1-53 (2018). Yen, Alfred C., Restoring the Natural Law: Copyright as Labor and Possession, 51 OHIO STATE L. J. 517, 517-559 (1990). Yu, Robert, The Machine Author: What Level of Copy Right Protection Is Appropriate for Fully Independent Compute-Generated Works? 165 U. PA. L. REV. 1245, 1245-1269 (2017).
(四)未出版之論文 Ahmed, Elgammal et al., CAN: Creative Adversarial Networks, Generating “Art” by Learning About Styles and Deviating from Style Norms, arXiv:1706.07068 [cs.AI], [Submitted on 21 Jun 2017], https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.07068.pdf. Brown, Tom B. et al., Language Models are Few-Shot Learners, arXiv:2005.14165 [cs.CL], [Submitted on 28 May 2020 (v1), last revised 22 Jul 2020 (this version, v4)] , available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.14165.pdf. Cheng, Wen-Feng et al., Image Inspired Poetry Generation in XiaoIce, arXiv:1808.03090 [cs.AI], [Submitted on 9 Aug 2018], available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.03090.pdf. Goodfellow, Ian J. et al., Generative Adversarial Networks, arXiv:1406.2661v1 [stat.ML], [Submitted on 10 Jun 2014], available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/1406.2661v1.pdf. Radford, Alec et al., Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks, arXiv:1511.06434 [cs.LG], [Submitted on 19 Nov 2015 (v1), last revised 7 Jan 2016 (this version, v2)], available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/1511.06434.pdf. Samuelson, Pamela & Hashimoto, Kathryn, Is the U.S. Fair Use Doctrine Compatible with Berne and TRIPS Obligations? (August 7, 2018). Forthcoming,Tatiana Synodinou (ed.), UNIVERSALISM OR PLURALISM IN INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT LAW (KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL, INFORMATION LAW SERIES), UC BERKELEY PUBLIC LAW RESEARCH PAPER, available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3228052 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3228052. Xu, Tao et al., AttnGAN: Fine-Grained Text to Image Generation with Attentional Generative Adversarial Networks, arXiv:1711.10485 [cs.CV], [Submitted on 28 Nov 2017], available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.10485.pdf. Zhu, Jun-Yan et al., Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks, arXiv:1703.10593 [cs.CV], [Submitted on 30 Mar 2017 (v1), last revised 24 Aug 2020 (this version, v7)], available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.10593v6.pdf.
(五)法院判決 (1)美國 State v. Loomis. 881 Nw2d 749 (Wis. 2016). Naruto v. Slater, 888 F.3d 418 (9th Cir. 2018). Penguin Books U.S., Inc. v. New Christian Church of Full Endeavor, Ltd., 262 F.Supp.2d 251 (2003). The Urantia Foundation v. Robert Burton, 1980 WL 1176 (1980). Burrows-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony, 111 U.S. 53 (1884). Urantia Found. v. Kristen Maaherra, 114 F.3d 955 (9th Cir. 1997). Naruto v. Slater, 888 F.3d 418 (9th Cir. 2018). Kelley v. Chicago Park Dist., 635 F.3d 290 (7th Cir. 2011). Eldred v. Ashcroft, 537 U.S. 186 (2003). Burrow-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony, 111 U.S. 53 (1884). Trade-Mark Cases, 100 U.S. 82 (1879). Mazer v. Stein, 347 U.S. 201 (1954). Goldstein v. California, 412 U.S.546 (1973). Urantia Found. v. Kristen Maaherra, 114 F.3d 955 (9th Cir. 1997). Naruto v. Slater, 888 F.3d 418 (9th Cir. 2018). Kelley v. Chicago Park Dist., 635 F.3d 290 (7th Cir. 2011). Satava v. Lowry, 323 F.3d 805 (9th Cir. 2003). Thaler v. Hirshfeld, 558 F. Supp. 3d 238 (E.D. Va. 2021). Naruto v. Slater, 888 F.3d 418 (9th Cir. 2018). Naruto v. Slater, 2016 WL 362231, (N.D. Cal. 2016). Bleistein v. Donaldson Lithographing Co., 188 US. 239 (1903). Feist Publications, Inc. V. Rural Telephone Service Co., Inc., 499 U.S. 340 (1991). Authors Guild v. Google Inc., 954 F.Supp.2d. 282 (2013), affirmed by 804 F.3d 202 (2015), cert. denied, 136 S.Ct. 1658 (2016). A.V. ex rel. Vanderhye v. iParadigms, LLC, 562 F.3d 630 (2009). White v. West Pub. Corp., F.Supp.3d (2014). Folsom v. Marsh, 6 Hunt Mer. Mag. 175 (1841). Sony Corporation of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417 (1984). Nunez v. Caribbean International News Corporation, 235 F.3d 18 (1st Cir. 2000). Bill Graham Archives v. Dorling Kindersley, 448 F.3d 605 (2nd Cir. 2006). Kelly v. Arriba Soft Corporation, 336 F.3d 811 (9th Cir. 2003). Perfect 10 v. Amazon.com, 508 F.3d 1146 (9th Cir. 2007). Suntrust v. Houghton Mifflin Company, 268 F.3d 1257 (11th Cir. 2001). Authors Guild v. Google Inc., 804 F.3d 202 (2015). A.V. ex rel. Vanderhye v. iParadigms, LLC, 562 F.3d 630 (2009). White v. West Publishing Corp., 29 F. Supp. 3d 396 (2014). Baker v. Selden, 101 U.S. 99 (1879). Mazer v. Stein, 347 U.S. 201 (1954). Nichols v. Universal Pictures Corp., 45 F.2d 119 (2d Cir. 1930). Computer Associates International, Inc. v. Altai, Inc., 982 F.2d 693 (2d Cir. 1992). Roth Greeting Cards v. United Card Co. , 429 F.2d 1106 (9th Cir. 1970) . Sid & Marty Krofft Television Productions Inc. v. McDonald's Corp. (1977). Morrissey v. Procter & Gamble Co., 379 F.2d 675 (1st Cir. 1967). Data East USA, Inc. v. Epyx, Inc., 862 F.2d 204 (9th Cir. 1988). Cain v. Universal Pictures Co., 47 F. Supp. 1013 (S.D. Cal. 1942). Walker v. Time Life Films, Inc., 784 F.2d 44 (2d Cir. 1986). Gates Rubber Co. v. Bando Chemical Industries, Ltd., 9 F.3d 823 (10th Cir. 1993).
(2)英國 Gyles v Wilcox (1740) 26 ER 489. Millar v Taylor (1769) 4 Burr. 2303, 98 ER 201. Donaldson v Beckett (1774) 2 Brown's Parl. Cases 129, 1 Eng. Rep. 837; 4 Burr. 2408, 98 Eng. Rep. 257 ; 17 Cobbett's Parl. Hist. 953 (1813). The Bold Buccleugh (1852) 7 Moo PC 267. Donoghue v. Allied Newspapers Limited (1938) Ch 106. Nova Productions Ltd v. Mazooma Games Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 219,[2006] EWCA Civ 1044
(3)澳洲 Victoria Park Racing and Recreation Grounds Co. Ltd v. Taylor (1937) 58 CLR 479. Thaler v Commissioner of Patents [2021] FCA 879.
(4)印度 RG Anand v. M/S Deluxe Films & Ors (1978).
(六)官方文件 (1)國際組織(WIPO、WTO、UNESCO等) WIPO, Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (as amended on September 28, 1979), https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/text/283693 (last visited 2022/9/10). WIPO, WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT) (adopted in Geneva on December 20, 1996), https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/text/295157 (last visited 2022/9/10). WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) (adopted in Geneva on December 20, 1996) §16, https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/text/295161 (last visited 2022/9/10). WIPO, Revised Issues Paper on Intellectual Property Policy and Artificial Intelligence (2020), https://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/doc_details.jsp?doc_id=499504 (last visited 2022/9/12). WIPO, Guide to the Copyright and Related Rights Treaties (2004). https://tind.wipo.int/record/28722 (last visited 2022/9/20). WTO, Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) (as amended on 23 January 2017) https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/31bis_trips_e.pdf (last visited 2022/9/10). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Universal Copyright Convention (as revised at Paris on 24 July 1971), http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=15241&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (last visited 2022/9/15). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Culture, Platforms and Machines: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on The Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2018), https://en.unesco.org/creativity/sites/creativity/files/12igc_inf4_en.pdf (last visited 2022/9/17).
(2)研究機構(IEEE、LIBER、MPI等) IEEE, Ethically Aligned Design: A Vision for Prioritizing Human Well-being with Autonomous and Intelligent Systems (2nd ed. 2019), https://standards.ieee.org/wp-content/uploads/import/documents/other/ead_v2.pdf (last visited 2022/8/26). LIBER, THE HAGUE DECLARATION ON KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY IN THE DIGITAL AGE. https://libereurope.eu/the-hague-declaration/ (last visited 2022/9/15). MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR INNOVATION AND COMPETITION(MPI), MODERNISATION OF THE EU COPYRIGHT RULES (Reto M. Hilty & Valentina Moscon eds. 2017). https://pure.mpg.de/rest/items/item_2470998_12/component/file_2479390/content (last visited 2022/9/15). McCarthy, J., Minsky, M. L., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C. E., A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence 1, 1-23 (1955). available at http://raysolomonoff.com/dartmouth/boxa/dart564props.pdf.
(3)美國(國會、著作權局、國會研究服務處、人工智慧國家安全委員會、圖書館研究協會等) U.S. Congressional Research Service(CRS), Artificial Intelligence and National Security, https://sgp.fas.org/crs/natsec/R45178.pdf (last visited 2022/8/27). U.S. National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence(NSCAI), Final Report: National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence, https://www.nscai.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Full-Report-Digital-1.pdf (last visited 2022/8/27). Executive Office of the President, National Science and Technology Council, & Committee on Technology, Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence (2016), https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/whitehouse_files/microsites/ostp/NSTC/preparing_for_the_future_of_ai.pdf (last visited 2022/9/2). H.Res.153 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): Supporting the development of guidelines for ethical development of artificial intelligence, H.Res.153, 116th Cong. (2019), https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-resolution/153 (last visited 2022/8/22). H.R.4625 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): FUTURE of Artificial Intelligence Actof 2017, H.R.4625, 115th Cong. (2018), https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4625?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22FUTURE+of+Artificial+Intelligence+Act+2017%22%7D&s=2&r=1 (last visited 2022/8/31). H.R.5356 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): National Security Commission Artificial Intelligence Act of 2018, H.R.5356, 115th Cong. (2018), https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/5356?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22National+Security+Commission+Artificial+Intelligence+Act+of+2018%22%7D&s=3&r=2 (last visited 2022/8/31). H.R.827 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): AI JOBS Act of 2019, H.R.827, 116thCong. (2019), https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/827?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22AI+JOBS+Act+of+2019%22%7D (last visited 2022/8/31). H.R.6216 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020, H.R.6216, 116th Cong. (2020), https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/6216 q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22National+Artificial+Intelligence+Initiative+Act+of+2020%22%7D&s=6&r=2 (last visited 2022/8/31). H.R.7559 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): FUTURE of Artificial Intelligence Actof 2020, H.R.7559, 116th Cong. (2020), https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/7559?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22FUTURE+of+Artificial+Intelligence+Act+2020%22%7D&r=1&s=8 (last visited 2022/8/31). S.3891 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): Advancing Artificial Intelligence Research Act of 2020, S.3891, 116th Cong. (2020), https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/3891?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22Advancing+Artificial+Intelligence+Research+Act+of+2020%22%7D (last visited 2022/8/31). H.R.7339 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): AI Careers Act of 2020, H.R.7339, 116th Cong. (2020), https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/7339?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22AI+Careers+Act+of+2020%22%7D (last visited2022/8/31). S.1705 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): AICT Act of 2021, S.1705, 117th Cong.(2021), https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/1705?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22Artificial+Intelligence+Capabilities+and+Transparency+Act+of+2021%22%7D (last visited 2022/8/31). S.1776 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): Artificial Intelligence for the Military Act of 2021, S.1776, 117th Cong. (2021), https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/1776?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22Artificial+Intelligence+for+the+Military+Act+of+2021%22%7D&s=9&r=1 (last visited 2022/8/31). S.2904 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): Department of Defense Artificial Intelligence Metrics Act of 2021, S.2904, 117th Cong. (2021), https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/2904?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22Department+of+Defense+Artificial+Intelligence+Metrics+Act+2021%22%7D (last visited 2022/8/31). S.3035 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): GOOD AI Act of 2021, S.3035, 117th Cong. (2022), https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/3035?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22Government+Ownership+and+Oversight+of+Data+in+Artificial+Intelligence+Act+2021%22%7D (last visited 2022/8/31). S.3175 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): Advancing American Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act of 2021, S.3175, 117th Cong. (2021), https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/3175?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22Advancing+American+Artificial+Intelligence+Innovation+Act+of+2021%22%7D (last visited 2022/8/31). H.R.6553 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): AI JOBS Act of 2022, H.R.6553, 117th Cong.(2022), https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/6553?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22Artificial+Intelligence+Job+Opportunities+and+Background+Summary+Act+of+2022%22%7D (last visited 2022/8/31). H.R.7296 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): GOOD AI Act of 2022, H.R.7296, 117th Cong. (2022), https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/7296?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22Government+Ownership+and+Oversight+of+Data+in+Artificial+Intelligence+Act+2022%22%7D (last visited 2022/8/31). House of Representatives Report No. 94-1476 (1976), Copyright Law Revision,https://www.copyright.gov/history/law/clrev_94-1476.pdf (last visited 2022/9/16). U.S. Copyright Review Board, Re: Second Request for Reconsideration for Refusal to Register A Recent Entrance to Paradise (Correspondence ID 1-3ZPC6C3; SR # 1-7100387071), Feb 14, 2022. U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE, COMPENDIUM OF U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE PRACTICES (3d ed. 2021). available at https://www.copyright.gov/comp3/docs/compendium.pdf. U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE, COMPENDIUM OF U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE PRACTICES (2d ed. 1984), available at https://copyright.gov/history/comp/compendium-two.pdf U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE, SIXTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REGISTER OF COPYRIGHTS FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1965, COPYRIGHT OFFICE THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, WASHINGTO, U.S.A. (1966), available at https://www.copyright.gov/reports/annual/archive/ar-1965.pdf. NATIONAL COMMISSION ON NEW TECHNOLOGICAL USES OF COPYRIGHTED WORKS, PUBLIC LAW 93-573, 88 STAT. 1873, 1873-1875 (1974), available at https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg1873.pdf. THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE (USPTO), PUBLIC VIEWSON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY POLICY (2020), available at https://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/documents/USPTO_AI-Report_2020-10-07.pdf ASSOCIATION OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES, CODE OF BEST PRACTICES IN FAIR USE FOR ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES (2012), available at https://www.arl.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/code-of-best-practices-fair-use.pdf.
(4)歐盟(執委會、法律事務委員會、公民與憲政事務委員會、科學與新科技倫理委員會、資通訊網絡暨科技總署等) European Commission, Declaration of cooperation on Artificial Intelligence, https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/communities/en/node/1286/document/eu-declaration-cooperation-artificial-intelligence (last visited 2022/8/27). European Commission (High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence), Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI, https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai (last visited 2022/8/27). Committee on Legal Affairs, Proposal for a Regulation of The European Parliament and of The Council: Laying Down Harmonised Rules on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and Amending Certain Union Legislative Acts, Brussels, 21.4.2021 COM, (2021) 206 final, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52021PC0206 (last visited 2022/9/12). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Artificial Intelligence for Europe, Brussels, 25.4.2018 COM, (2018) 237 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52018DC0237&from=EN (last visited 2022/8/22). European Commission, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation, European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies (EGE), Statement on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and ‘Autonomous’ Systems: Brussels, 9 March 2018, Publications Office, (2018), https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/dfebe62e-4ce9-11e8-be1d-01aa75ed71a1 (last visited 2022/8/22). European Commission, Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology, Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI, Publications Office, (2019), https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d3988569-0434-11ea-8c1f-01aa75ed71a1 (last visited 2022/8/22). Committee on Legal Affairs, Draft Report with Recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics (2016), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/JURI-PR-582443_EN.pdf (last visited 2022/8/27). Policy Department C: Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs, European Civil Law Rules in Robotics Study (2016), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/571379/IPOL_STU(2016)571379_EN.pdf (last visited 2022/9/12). Committee on Legal Affairs, Report with Recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics (2017), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/A-8-2017-0005_EN.pdf (last visited 2022/9/12). Committee on Legal Affairs, Follow Up to the European Parliament Resolution of 16 February 2017 on Civil Law Rules on Robotics (2017), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2014_2019/plmrep/COMMITTEES/JURI/DV/2017/11-20/A8-0005-2017_EN.pdf (last visited 2022/9/12). European Commission, Directorate-General of Communications Networks, Content & Technology, Final Report: Study in Support of the Evaluation of Directive 96/9/EC on the Legal Protection of Databases (2018), https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/study-support-evaluation-database-directive (last visited 2022/9/13). European Parliament, European Parliament resolution of January 19, 2016 on Towards a Digital Single Market Act (2015/2147(INI)), http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+TA+P8-TA-2016-0009+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN (last visited 2022/9/13). European Commission, Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Copyright in the Digital Single Market, (2016). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52016PC0593 (last visited 2022/9/15). European Commission, Impact Assessment on the Modern of EU Copyright Rules, Part 1/3 (2016), https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e065cd0d-7a57-11e6-b076-01aa75ed71a1/language-en (last visited 2022/9/15). European Commission, Directorate-General of Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG CONNECT), Final Report: Study in Support of the Evaluation of Directive 96/9/EC on the Legal Protection of Databases (2018), https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/study-support-evaluation-database-directive (last visited 2022/9/13). European Parliament, P8_TA (2016)0009, Towards a Digital Single Market Act: European Parliament resolution of January 19, 2016 on Towards a Digital Single Market Act (2015/2147(INI)), (2018/C 011/06), Official Journal of the European Union, paragraph 108, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:52016IP0009 (last visited 2022/9/3). European Parliament (Eleonora Rosati), Report to European Parliament: The Exception for Text and Data Mining in the Proposed Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market-Technical Aspects, 8 (2018), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2018/604942/IPOL_BRI(2018)604942_EN.pdf(last visited 2022/9/15).
(5)英國(國會、上議院、智慧財產局、人工智慧特別會員會等) UK Parliament, House of Lords, Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence, AI in the UK: Ready, Willing and Able, https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldai/100/100.pdf (last visited 2022/8/22). Intellectual Property Office of United Kingdom, Modern Copyright: a Modern, Robust and Flexible Framework (2013). https://www.mpaonline.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Modernising_Copyright_-_a_modern_robust_and_flexible_framework_-_Government_response.pdf (last visited 2022/9/3). HARGREAVES, IAN, DIGITAL OPPORTUNITY: A REVIEW OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND GROWTH, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFFICE (UK) (2011), https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32563/ipreview-finalreport.pdf (last visited 2022/9/3).
(6)法國 Cédric Villani Mathematician and Member of the French Parliament, For a Meaningful Artificial Intelligence: Towards a French and European Strategy, https://www.aiforhumanity.fr/pdfs/MissionVillani_Report_ENG-VF.pdf (last visited 2022/8/22).
(7)澳洲 Dave Dawson, Emma Schleiger, Joanna Horton, John McLaughlin, Cathy Robinson, George Quezada, Jane Scowcroft & Stefan Hajkowicz, Artificial Intelligence: Australia’s Ethics Framework - A Discussion Paper, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) & Department of Industry, Innovation and Science (2019), https://storage.googleapis.com/converlens-au-industry/industry/p/prj1a483c9c696c46982e7a0/public_assets/ArtificialIntelligenceethicsframeworkdiscussionpaper.pdf (last visited 2022/9/10). Department of Industry Innovation and Science, Artificial Intelligence: Australia’s Ethics Framework (2019), https://www.lawcouncil.asn.au/publicassets/afebc52d-afa6-e911-93fe-005056be13b5/3639%20-%20AI%20ethics.pdf (last visited 2022/9/10).
(8)新加坡 Intellectual Property Office of Singapore, Understanding the Copyright Act 2021 Updating Copyright for the Digital Age (2021), https://www.ipos.gov.sg/docs/default-source/resources-library/copyright/copyright-act-factsheet.pdf (last visited 2022/9/10).
(9)南非 South Africa, Patent Designs Trade Marks and Copyright Office, PATENT JOURNAL: INCLUDING TRADE MARKS, DESIGNS AND COPYRIGHT IN CINEMATOGRAPH FILMS, Vol 54, No. 07, July, Part II of II, 255 (2021), available at https://iponline.cipc.co.za/Publications/PublishedJournals/E_Journal_July%202021%20Part%202.pdf.
(七)網路資料 BUSINESS INSIDER, Sophia that once said it would ‘destroy humans’, https://www.businessinsider.com/meet-the-first-robot-citizen-sophia-animatronic-humanoid-2017-10?r=UK (last visited 2022/9/12). BUSINESS INSIDER, Microsoft Took Its New A.I. Chatbot Offline After It Started Spewing Racist Tweets, https://slate.com/business/2016/03/microsoft-s-new-ai-chatbot-tay-removed-from-twitter-due-to-racist-tweets.html (last visited 2022/1/5). ISIS, Artificial Intelligence: the Curious Case of Edmond De Belamy, https://isismagazine.org.uk/2019/03/art-ificial-intelligence-the-curious-case-of-edmond-de-belamy/ (last visited 2022/9/3). THE VERGE, Musician Taryn Southern on composing her new album entirely with AI: How artificial intelligence simplifies music production for solo artists, https://www.theverge.com/2017/8/27/16197196/taryn-southern-album-artificial-intelligence-interview (last visited 2022/9/3). MIT Technology Review, Open AI’s new language generator GPT-3 is shockingly good—and completely mindless, https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/07/20/1005454/openai-machine-learning-language-generator-gpt-3-nlp/(last visited2022/9/6). The New York Times, How Do You Know a Human Wrote This? Machines are gaining the ability to write, and they are getting terrifyingly good at it., https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/29/opinion/gpt-3-ai-automation.html (last visited 2022/9/6). Google Developers, Machine Learning Glossary, https://developers.google.com/machine-learning/glossary#model (last visited 2022/9/2). Edmond De Belamy, https://obvious-art.com/portfolio/edmond-de-belamy/ (last visited 2022/8/22). Ing Presents, The Next Rembrandt, https://nextrembrandt.com (last visited 2022/5/22). Professor John McCarthy - Stanford University, What is AI? / Basic Questions, http://jmc.stanford.edu/artificial-intelligence/what-is-ai/index.html (last visited 2022/8/20). NEW YORKER, The Hype-and Hope-of Artificial Intelligence (Om Malik), http://www.newyorker.com/business/currency/the-hype-and-hope-of-artificial-intelligence (last visited 2022/9/2). The Conversation, Understanding the Four Types of AI, From Reactive Robots to Self-Aware Beings, http://theconversation.com/understanding-the-four-types-of-ai-from-reactive-robots-to-self-aware-beings-67616 (last visited 2022/8/22). Machine Learning Mastery, Embrace Randomness in Machine Learning, https://machinelearningmastery.com/randomness-in-machine-learning/ (last visited 2022/8/22). EGE., Statement on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and ‘Autonomous’ Systems, https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/dfebe62e-4ce9-11e8-be1d-01aa75ed71a1 (last visited 2022/6/22). Open Letter to The European Commission Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, http://www.robotics-openletter.eu/ (last visited 2022/9/12). newtech.law, Estonia plans the boldest AI regulations, https://newtech.law/en/estonia-plans-the-boldest-ai-regulations/# (last visited 2022/9/1). Library of Congress, Estonia: Government Issues Artificial Intelligence Report, https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/estonia-government-issues-artificial-intelligence-report/ (last visited 2022/9/1). BUSINESS INSIDER, Sophia that once said it would ‘destroy humans’, https://www.businessinsider.com/meet-the-first-robot-citizen-sophia-animatronic-humanoid-2017-10?r=UK (last visited 2022/9/2). NBC News, Future Tech? Autonomous Killer Robots Are Already Here, https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/security/future-tech-autonomous-killer-robots-are-already-here-n105656 (last visited 2022/9/2). ISIS, Artificial Intelligence: the Curious Case of Edmond De Belamy, https://isismagazine.org.uk/2019/03/art-ificial-intelligence-the-curious-case-of-edmond-de-belamy/ (last visited 2022/9/3). THE VERGE, Musician Taryn Southern on composing her new album entirely with AI: How artificialintelligence simplifies music production for solo artists, https://www.theverge.com/2017/8/27/16197196/taryn-southern-album-artificial-intelligence-interview (last visited 2022/9/3). MuseNet, OpenAI, https://openai.com/blog/musenet/ (last visited 2022/6/7). The Next Rembrandt, https://www.nextrembrandt.com/ (last visited 2022/6/10). The Next Rembrandt: bringing the Old Master back to life, https://medium.com/@DutchDigital/the-next-rembrandt-bringing-the-old-master-back-to-life-35dfb1653597 (last visited 2022/6/10). Time, The Painter Behind These Artworks Is an AI Program. Do They Still Count as Art?, https://time.com/5357221/obvious-artificial-intelligence-art/ (last visited 2022/6/10). Artnet news, Why One Collector Bought a Work of Art Made by Artificial Intelligence - and Is Open to Acquiring More, https://news.artnet.com/art-world/art-made-by-artificial-intelligence-1258745 (last visited 2022/6/10). Christie’s, Edmond de Belamy, https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-6166184/?sid=&intObjectID=6166184&T=Lot&language=en (last visited 2022/6/10). Zdnet, People’s notions about AI are terrible, an MIT study asks whether they can be helped, https://www.zdnet.com/article/peoples-notions-about-ai-are-terrible-an-mit-study-asks-whether-they-can-be-helped/ (last visited 2022/6/10). Theverge, How Three French Students Used Borrowed Code to Put the First AI Portrait in Christie’s, https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/23/18013190/ai-art-portrait-auction-christies-belamy-obvious-robbie-barrat-gans (last visited 2022/6/10). AI Google Blog, Alexander Mordvintsev et al., Inceptionism: Going Deeper into Neural Networks, Google AI Blog (2015), https://ai.googleblog.com/2015/06/inceptionism-going-deeper-into-neural.html (last visited 2022/6/10). GRAY AREA, Deep Dream: The Art of Neural Networks, Gray Area, https://grayarea.org/event/deepdream-the-art-of-neural-networks/ (last visited 2022/6/10). artnet news, Sarah Cascone, Google’s ‘Inceptionism’ Art Sells Big at San Francisco Auction, https://news.artnet.com/market/google-inceptionismart-sells-big-439352 (last visited 2022/9/2). ImageNet, https://www.image-net.org/ (last visited 2022/6/24). The AI Blog, Microsoft Researchers Build a Bot That Draws What You Tell It to, https://blogs.microsoft.com/ai/drawing-bot/ (last visited 2022/6/10). Ars Technica, Movie written by algorithm turns out to be hilarious and intense, https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2021/05/an-ai-wrote-this-movie-and-its-strangely-moving/ (last visited 2022/9/7). IBM Watson Music, https://www.ibm.com/watson/music/uk-en/ (last visited 2022/9/7). ISIS, Artificial Intelligence: The Curious Case of Edmond De Belamy, https://isismagazine.org.uk/2019/03/art-ificial-intelligence-the-curious-case-of-edmond-de-belamy/ (last visited 2022/9/3).
四 德文文獻 (一)德文專書 Cella, Johann Jakob, Freymüthige Aufsätze, 1. Aufl., 1784. Ertel,Wolfgang, Grundkurs Künstliche Intelligenz: Eine praxisorientierte Einführung, 5. Aufl., 2021. Grätz, Axel, Künstliche Intelligenz im Urheberrecht, 1. Aufl., 2021. Gless, Sabine/ Seelmann, Kurt, Intelligente Agenten und das Recht: Zur Verantwortlichkeit beim Einsatz von Robotern, 1. Aufl., 2016 Huggenberger, Stefan/ Moser, Natasha/ Schröder, Hannsjörg/ Cozzi, Bruno/ Granato, Alberto/ Merighi, Adalberto, Neuroanatomie des Menschen, 1. Aufl. 2019. Kant, Immanuel, Grundlegung Zur Metaphysik Der Sitten, 6. Aufl., 1952. Käde, Lisa, Kreative Maschinen und Urheberrecht, 1. Aufl., 2021. Köhler, Helmut/ Lange, Heinrich, BGB Allgemeiner Teil, 46. Aufl., 2022. Verantwortlichkeit beim Einsatz von Robotern, 1. Aufl., 2016.
(二)專書論文 Hilgendorf, Eric, Automatisiertes Fahren als Herausforderung für Ethik und Rechtswissenschaft,2019第二屆人工智慧與法律國際學術研討會論文集, S.49-58.
(三)期刊論文 Apel, Simon/ Kaulartz, Markus, Rechtlicher Schutz von Machine Learning-Modellen, RDi 2020, S. 24-34. Bilski, Mitarbeiter Nico/ Schmid, Thomas, Verantwortungsfindung beim Einsatz maschinell lernender Systeme, NJOZ 2019, S. 657-661. Dettling, Heinz-Uwe/ Krüger, Stefan, Erste Schritte im Recht der Künstlichen Intelligenz, MMR 2019, S. 211-217. Dornis, Tim W., Der Schutz künstlicher Kreativität im Immaterialgüterrecht, GRUR 2019, S. 1252-1264. Gomille, Christian, Kreative künstliche Intelligenz und das Urheberrecht, JZ 2019, S. 969-975. Hacker, Philipp, Europäische und nationale Regulierung von Künstlicher Intelligenz, NJW 2020, S. 2142-2147. Herberger, Maximilian, „Künstliche Intelligenz“ und Recht, NJW 2018, S. 2825-2829. Jakl, Bernhard, Das Recht der Künstlichen Intelligenz, MMR 2019, S. 711-715. Lauber-Rönsberg, Anne, Autonome „Schöpfung“ - Urheberschaft und Schutzfähigkeit, GRUR 2019, S, 244-253. Legner, Sarah, Erzeugnisse Künstlicher Intelligenz im Urheberrecht, ZUM 2019, S, 807-812. Martini, Mario, Algorithmen als Herausforderung für die Rechtsordnung, JZ 2017, S. 1017-1025. Ory, Stephan / Sorge, Christoph, Schöpfung durch Künstliche Intelligenz?, NJW 2019, S. 710-713. Ruschemeier, Hannah, 9. Speyerer Forum zur digitalen Lebenswelt: Regulierung Künstlicher Intelligenz in der Europäischen Union zwischen Recht und Ethik, NVwZ 2020, S. 446-448. SHetmank, ven / Lauber-Rönsberg, Anne, Künstliche Intelligenz – Herausforderungen für das Immaterialgüterrecht, GRUR 2018, S. 574-582. Specht, Louisa, Zum Verhältnis von (Urheber-)Recht und Technik: Erfordernis eines Dualismus von techniksensitivem Recht und rechtssensitiven technischen Durchsetzungsbefugnissen, GRUR 2019, S. 253-259. Specht, Louisa/ Herold, Sophie, Roboter als Vertragspartner: Gedanken zu Vertragsabschlüssen unter Einbeziehung automatisiert und autonom agierender Systeme, MMR 2018, S. 40-44. Steege, Hans, Algorithmenbasierte Diskriminierung durch Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz Rechtsvergleichende Überlegungen und relevante Einsatzgebiete, MMR 2019, S. 715-721. Valta, Matthias / Vase, Johann Justus, Kommissionsvorschlag für eine Verordnung über Künstliche Intelligenz, ZRP 2021, S. 142-145. von Westphalen, Friedrich Graf , Köln, Produkthaftungsrechtliche Erwägungen beim Versagen Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) unter Beachtung der Mitteilung der Kommission COM(2020) 64 final, VuR 2020, S. 248-254.
(四)官方文件 Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie, das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung und das Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales erarbeitet, Strategie Künstliche Intelligenzder Bundesregierung (2018), https://www.bmwk.de/Redaktion/DE/Publikationen/Technologie/strategie-kuenstliche-intelligenz-der-bundesregierung.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=10 (Letzter Abruf: 2022/8/22). Bundesregierung, Strategie Künstliche Intelligenzder Bundesregierung (2020), https://www.bmwk.de/Redaktion/DE/Publikationen/Technologie/strategie-kuenstliche-intelligenz-fortschreibung-2020.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=12 (Letzter Abruf: 2022/8/22). Gesetzgebung BGBl. I 1990 S. 1762. (Gesetz zur Verbesserung der Rechtsstellung des Tieres im bürgerlichen Recht). BT-Drs. 18/12329, Gesetzentwurf der Bundesregierung: Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Angleichung des Urheberrechts an die aktuellen Erfordernisse der Wissensgesellschaft (Urheberrechts-Wissensgesellschafts-Gesetz – UrhWissG). https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/18/123/1812329.pdf (Letzter Abruf: 2022/8/22). Gesetzgebung BGBl. I 2017 S. 3346. Gesetz zur Angleichung des Urheberrechts an die aktuellen Erfordernisse der Wissensgesellschaft (Urheberrechts- Wissensgesellschafts-Gesetz - UrhWissG).
(五)網路資料 Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie, das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung und das Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales erarbeitet, Strategie Künstliche Intelligenzder Bundesregierung (2018), https://www.bmwk.de/Redaktion/DE/Publikationen/Technologie/strategie-kuenstliche-intelligenz-der-bundesregierung.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=10 (Letzter Abruf: 2022/8/22).
五 其他資料 № 301924-7 В архиве, О внесении изменений в часть первую Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации и статью 22 Федерального закона "О введении в действие части первой Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации"(в части уточнения положений о самовольных постройках) https://sozd.duma.gov.ru/bill/301924-7 (最後瀏覽日:2022/9/3)。
|