臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，隨著可攜式電子產品快速發展，這些產品變得越來越多元化，其中，電源管理是產品設計中重要的一環，其主要目的是能有效地降低電源損失，延長產品使用時間以及提高電池壽命，電源管理包括各種技術，如誤差放大器、比較器、驅動電路、功率電晶體、電路拓樸等等。在現今設備如智慧型手機、智慧型穿戴裝置、平板電腦等被廣泛應用的情況下，電源管理變得非常關鍵，能夠在效率足夠高的同時，盡可能地增加電池壽命，提高產品使用時間。
為了實現高效率的電源管理以及產品的效能，電路設計在面積上勢必要盡可能地縮小，影響電源管理模組大小的關鍵在於外接元件，如輸出電感、輸出電容，如果能夠將切換頻率提高，就能大大降低元件的尺寸，因此將切換頻率提高有助於電路微型化的目的，也能提供較低的線性、負載調節率的漣波電壓。
本次論文使用TSMC 0.18μm 1P6M製程時現高速暫態響應的Buck電路，能夠應用於可攜式電子產品，以及各類需要穩定電壓之設備。輸入範圍在2.4V~3.8V，輸出範圍在1-2V，負載電流50mA~500mA，切換頻率為1.5~2MHz，轉換效率最高可達87%，使用外接電感2.2uH以及輸出電容10uF，有效地降低被動元件尺寸。

In recent years, with the rapid development of portable electronic products, there has been a growing diversity in these products. Power management plays a crucial role in product design, aiming to effectively reduce power losses, prolong product usage time, and improve battery life. Power management involves various techniques such as error amplifiers, comparators, driver circuits, power transistors, and circuit topologies, among others. With the widespread use of devices such as smartphones, smart wearables, and tablets, power management has become increasingly critical, as it strives to maximize efficiency while maximizing battery life and product usage time.
To achieve efficient power management and optimal product performance, circuit designs need to minimize their footprint. External components such as output inductors and output capacitors have a significant impact on the size of power management modules. By increasing the switching frequency, the size of these components can be greatly reduced, thus promoting circuit miniaturization and providing lower ripple voltage for linear and load regulation.
In this thesis, a high-speed transient response Buck circuit was designed using TSMC 0.18μm 1P6M process technology. The circuit is suitable for portable electronic products and various devices that require stable voltage. The input range is 2.4V to 3.8V, the output range is 1V to 2V, the load current ranges from 50mA to 500mA, and the switching frequency is between 1.5MHz and 2MHz. The conversion efficiency can reach up to 87%. The circuit employs an external inductor of 2.2uH and an output capacitor of 10uF, effectively reducing the size of passive components.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
1 第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 直流-直流轉換器 1
1.3 論文架構 2
2 第二章 文獻探討 3
2.1 切換式穩壓器 3
2.1.1 降壓轉換器 3
2.1.2 固定導通時間降壓轉換器 4
2.1.3 自適應導通時間降壓轉換器 5
2.2 DCR電流感測 6
2.3 Rds,on電流感測 7
2.4 文獻回顧 8
2.4.1 高精度電流感測技術[3] 9
2.4.2 數位漣波控制下的自適應導通降壓轉換器[5] 10
2.4.3 低靜態電流與高效率的自適應降壓轉換器[6] 12
2.5 論文啟發與目標 14
3 第三章使用新型DCR電流感測自適應導通時間降壓轉換器 16
3.1 架構簡介 16
3.1.1 電感設計 17
3.1.2 電容設計 18
3.1.3 誤差放大器 19
3.1.4 新型DCR電流感測電路[10] 21
3.1.5 轉導放大器 23
3.1.6 電流誤差放大器 24
3.1.7 磁滯比較器 25
3.1.8 自適應導通時間電路 27
3.1.9 鎖相迴路電路 28
3.1.10 改良型SR栓鎖器 31
3.1.11 非重疊控制電路 32
3.1.12 驅動電路 34
3.1.13 功率電晶體 34
3.2 電路佈局 36
3.2.1 晶片佈局 36
3.2.2 晶片腳位與定義 38
4 第四章使用新型Rds,on電流感測自適應導通時間降壓轉換器 41
4.1 架構簡介 41
4.1.1 新型Rds,on電流感測電路 41
4.1.2 偏壓電路 42
4.1.3 帶差參考電路 44
4.2 電路佈局 47
4.2.1 晶片佈局 47
4.2.2 晶片腳位與定義 49
5 第五章 電路模擬與實驗結果 51
5.1 量測考量 51
5.2 量測環境 51
5.3 使用新型DCR電流感測結果 52
5.3.1 負載調節率模擬與量測 54
5.3.2 效率總結 62
5.3.3 設計規格表 63
5.3.4 文獻比較 64
5.4 使用新型Rds,on電流感測電路結果 65
5.4.1 負載調節率模擬與量測 65
5.4.2 效率總結 77
5.4.3 設計規格表 78
5.4.4 文獻比較 79
6 第六章 結論與未來展望 80
6.1 結論 80
6.2 未來展望 80
參考文獻 82

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