臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討火災發生時季風對住宅大樓排煙室自然排煙效能的影響。研究對象為一棟每層6戶、共30層的住宅大樓。研究方法採用火災動態模擬軟體Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)，基於可視度 (VD)、溫度 (T)、氧氣 (O₂)、二氧化碳 (CO₂) 和一氧化碳 (CO) 等參數進行數值模擬分析。研究分析了無風、2.0m/s風速及4.0m/s風速下，季風對自然排煙效能的影響。結果顯示，風速的變化對自然排煙系統的效能具有顯著影響。在無風條件下，自然排煙系統能夠有效排煙，保持較高的可視度和較低的有害氣體濃度。然而，當風速增加到風速2.0m/s和風速4.0m/s時，排煙效能明顯下降，排煙速度減慢，導致樓層內溫度上升和有害氣體濃度增加，對居住者的安全造成潛在威脅。基於此結果，本研究提出以下改善策略：首先，應在設計階段考慮季風影響，優化自然排煙系統的通風路徑和開口位置。其次，建議增加機械排煙系統作為輔助，確保在不同風速條件下均能有效排煙。此外，定期檢查和維護排煙系統，確保其在火災時能夠正常運作。最後，應加強住戶火災安全教育，提高緊急情況下的應變能力。本研究結果對於高層住宅大樓的火災安全設計和防災措施提供了重要的參考依據。

This study investigates how monsoon winds affect the natural smoke exhaust efficiency of a residential high-rise during fires. The research focuses on a 30-story building with 6 units per floor. Using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), the study conducts numerical simulations based on parameters like visibility (VD), temperature (T), oxygen (O₂), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and carbon monoxide (CO). It analyzes the impact of monsoon winds at wind speeds of 0 m/s (no wind), 2.0 m/s, and 4.0 m/s. Results show significant effects of wind speed variations on the smoke exhaust system. Under no wind conditions, the system effectively removes smoke, maintaining high visibility and low harmful gas concentrations. However, at 2.0 m/s and 4.0 m/s, smoke extraction efficiency decreases, slowing smoke removal and potentially increasing floor temperatures and gas concentrations, posing a safety risk to occupants. The study recommends strategies such as considering monsoon effects during design to optimize ventilation paths and openings, supplementing with mechanical exhaust systems, regular system maintenance, and enhancing fire safety education for residents. These findings provide crucial insights for fire safety design and disaster prevention measures in high-rise residential buildings.

目錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 .VII
表目錄 .VIII

第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究背景 3
1.3 研究內容與方法 4
1.4 研究流程 6
1.5研究限制 8

第二章文獻回顧 9
2.1 自然排煙窗的定義與設計原理 9
2.2 自然排煙系統的構成與操作機制 11
2.3 現行自然排煙窗的標準與規範 13
2.4 火災與季風的影響相關研究 18
2.5小 結 22

第三章 數位模擬方法 23
3.1 空間計畫概要 23
3.2 危害因子說明 24
3.3 火災模擬情境設定 25

第四章 數值模擬結果分析與討論 29
4.1 無風模擬結果解析 29
4.2 風速2m/sec模擬結果解析 36
4.3風速4m/sec模擬結果解析 45
4.4 模擬結果彙整與空間設備改善對策 55

第五章 結論與建議 64
5.1 結 論 64
5.2 建 議 66

參考文獻 67

附錄一 FDS程式語言(無風情境) 69
附錄二 危害因子折線圖彙整(未達危害標準) 75

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